Research Advances on Mechanisms of Resistance to All-Trans Retinoic Acid in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia--Review / 中国实验血液学杂志

Abstract　　Among myeloid leukemias, the acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) was found to be specifically sensitive to all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), almost all APL patients respond to ATRA therapy. The ATRA induces remission of APL patients by stimulating the differentiation of the leukemia cells. However, with the long-term application of ATRA alone, ATRA resistance has become one of the main causes of chemotherapy failure in the patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia. At present, the mechanism of ATRA-resistance is not completely clear, this review discusses the mechanism of drug-resistance in terms of signal pathways, genes, proteins and enzyme.