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Objective To explore the influence of peer support on blood glucose management of type 2 diabetic patients.Methods From April 2017 to December 2017,the study subjects were selected according to the inclusion criteria from all type 2 diabetes patients who admitted in the Fourth People′s Hosipital of Ningbo.The patients in bed 1-9 were assigned into observation group,and patients in bed 10-20 were assigned into control group.All beds were assigned randomly from a random number generator.Standard diabetes education was provided to both two groups,while peer support was added to the experimental group.The average hospitalization costs and length of hospital stay were compared between the two groups using t-test.Results The average hospitalization cost of the observation group was(6218.48 ±1432.75)yuan,which of the control group was(6913.32 ±1426.34)yuan,the average hospitalization time of the observation group was(6.49 ±1.91)d,which of the control group was(7.41 ±1.99)d,the differences between the two groups were significant(t=-4.480,-4.347,all P<0.01).Conclusion Application of peer support to the glucose management in patients with type 2 diabetes can effectively enhance education effect and reduce hospitalization cost and length of hospital stay.
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Objective To study the application of walking combined with Buerger exercise in the treatment of grade 0 diabetic foot.Methods Eighty patients with grade 0 diabetic foot were randomly divided into observation group and control group.The control group was trained by walking exercise .The observation group was trained by walking combined with Buerger exercise through 12 months of training.The changes of self-sensory symptoms,ABI and DAWV were observed.Results The self-sensory symptoms of the two groups were significantly decreased (observation group: markedly effective 15 cases,effective 19 cases;control group: markedly effective 5 cases,effective 23 cases).The effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (85% vs.70%,χ2 =7.831,P <0.05).The ABI ratio of the two groups were higher than those before treatment ,and the ABI ratio of the observation group was higher than that of the control group [(0.889 ±0.113) vs.(0.842 ±0.124),t =1.772 P <0.05].The ratio of DAWV in the observation group was higher than that in the control group [(6.772 ±0.435)cm/s vs.(6.543 ±0.552)cm/s,t =2.061,P <0.05].Conclusion Walking combined with Buerger exercise can improve the blood flow velocity and blood flow of the collateral circulation of the lower limbs of patients with grade 0 diabetic foot,and improve the self-sensory symptoms of peripheral neuropathy .
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Objective To apply the Plan -Do -Check -Act ( PDCA ) cycle in glucose management in inpatients with diabetes , in order to decrease the incidence of hypoglycemia and related complications .Methods 517 inpatients with diabetes were divided into 4 groups according to the quarter ,the monthly incidence rates of hypo-glycemia were collected.The association of monthly incidence of hypoglycemia with age (≥65 years),longer diabetic history (≥5 years),lower C-peptide (<0.370nmol/L),receiving combined regimen (basal insulin plus 3 doses of pre-prandial short-acting insulin ) were analyzed .PDCA cycle was applied for hypoglycemia detection and etiolo-gy control in order to achieve quality improvement via effective glucose control measures .Theχ2 test was used to ana-lyze the incidence of the hypoglycemia in each group .The hypoglycemic incidence based on different characteristics , were also compared with the overall hypoglycemic incidences of all patients .Results The incidence of hypoglycemia was significantly reduced with the application of PDCA cycle in inpatients with diabetes ,from 44.09％ in the first quarter to 13.04％ in the fourth quarter (χ2 =32.815,P<0.001).The annual hypoglycemic incidence rate was 26.89％.The patients with low C-peptide or receiving combined regimen had significantly higher incidence rate of hypoglycemia (53.57％and 31.88％) as compared to general inpatients with diabetes (χ2 =35.721,7.105,all P<0.05).Conclusion The application of PDCA cycle can effectively decrease the incidence of hypoglycemia ,and it can be a great asset for management of inpatients with diabetes .
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Objective To explore the relationship between homocysteine (Hcy)expression and diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods 100 cases with T2DM were selected,they were divided into observation group(diabetic early nephropathy,n =50)and matched group(simple diabetes,n =50),50 healthy people were involved as control group.Hcy,BUN and Cre were detected and compared among groups. Results Hcy level in 3 groups showed a increased trend,there were significant differences among groups (F =145.007,P 0.05),the comparison between groups also had no statistical significance (P =0.936,0.097,all P >0.05 ). Conclusion Hcy may participate in the process of early type 2 diabetic nephropathy,can be used as important reference index of diagnosis of early diabetic nephropathy.
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Objective To analyze the related factors of urinary tract infection with diabetes. Methods Ret-rospective studies were conducted in 350 diabetes cases who were in hospital from 2008.01.01 to 2008.12.31 in en-docrine department of our hospital. Results The primary pathogen was Gram-negative bacteria(84.9%),The major one was Eachefichia coil (59.7%), the followed one was Enterococcus faecalis (11.2%). The Bacillus cloacae、Staphylococcus epidemidis、Klebsiella pneumoniae、Bacillus aerogenes、Bacillus proteus、Blastomyces albicans also were the pathogens which caused the urinary tract infection. The influence of infection:the higher was the incidence of female patients;The older was the diabetes patients,the higher was the incidence of urinary tract infection;The longer course of diabetes,the higher was the incidence of urinary tract infection; Complicated by the ketosis patients were higher in the incidence of urinary tract infection;The hyperglycosemia patients were higher than the multisystem pa-tients;the patients with nervous bladder were higher than the patients without. Conclusion Diabetes patients who suffered from urinary tract infection are more in old lady,long course、hyperglycosemia and with urgent or chronicity complication.