A preliminary Study on Clinical Characteristics and Toxicology Mechanism of Tripterygium wilfordii Induced Liver Injury / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. F. (TWF) belongs to celastraceae under Tripterygium family. It is a traditional Chinese medicine with a variety of pharmacological effects such as anti- inflammatory, analgesic, anti- tumor, immunomodulation and so on, which is applied for many diseases because of its significant effects. However, its toxic and side effects frequently occur, especially liver injury, affecting its safety in clinical practice. In this paper, the clinical characteristics of liver injury of TWF were preliminarily explored by combining with literature analysis and single center clinical epidemiological investigation. Furthermore, the main toxic constituents and mechanism of TWF are reviewed. Finally, the key issues have been raised and analyzed on clinical diagnosis, clinical characteristics and toxicological mechanism of liver injury of TWF, and brought forward the future research directions.

Interaction between smoking and nicotine acetylcholine receptor subunits alpha 5 gene rs17486278 polymorphisms on lung cancer / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the association and interaction between smoking and the nicotine acetylcholine receptor subunits alpha 5(CHRNA5) gene polymorphisms on lung cancer in Chinese men.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A case-control study was employed with a total of 204 male lung cancer patients and 821 healthy control subjects enrolled in the study. All the subjects were interviewed under a structured questionnaire with the contents on socio-demographic status and smoking behavior. Venous blood samples were collected to measure single nucleotide polymorphism of rs17486278 in CHRNA5. A series of multivariate logistic regression models were performed to assess the association and interaction between smoking and the CHRNA5 gene polymorphisms on lung cancer.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After controlling for potential confounding factors, data from the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that individuals with smoking >15 cigarettes per day would significantly increase the risk of lung cancer when compared to the non-smokers (OR = 3.49, 95%CI:2.29-5.32). However, no associations between CHRNA5 rs17486278 polymorphisms and lung cancer were found. Furthermore, those who smoked 1-15 cigarettes per day had a positive interactive effect between rs17486278 CC genotype and lung cancer (OR = 16.13, 95% CI:1.27-205.33). Results from further stratified analysis on smoking behaviors and rs17486278 genotypes indicated that when compared with non-smokers on rs17486278 AA genotype, those individuals who smoked 1-15 cigarettes per day with rs17486278 CC genotype, individuals smoking >15 cigarettes per day with AA genotype and individuals smoking >15 cigarettes per day with AC genotype, all had a higher risk of developing lung cancer, with their OR value as 8.14(95% CI:1.17-56.56), 3.84 (95% CI:1.30-11.40) and 5.32 (95% CI:1.78-15.93), respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There was an interaction between smoking and CHRNA5 gene polymorphism on lung cancer.</p>

Progress in microalgae culture system for biodiesel combined with reducing carbon dioxide emission / 生物工程学报

Wastewater resources, CO2 emission reduction and microalgae biodiesel are considered as current frontier fields of energy and environmental researches. In this paper, we reviewed the progress in system of microalgae culture for biodiesel production by wastewater and stack gas. Multiple factors including microalgal species, nutrition, culture methods and photobioreactor, which were crucial to the cultivation of microalgae for biodiesel production, were discussed in detail. A valuable culture system of microalgae for biodiesel production or other high value products combined with the treatment of wastewater by microalgae was put forward through the optimizations of algal species and culture technology. The culture system coupled with the treatment of wastewater, the reduction of CO2 emission with the cultivation of microalgae for biodiesel production will reduce the production cost of microalgal biofuel production and the treatment cost of wastewater simultaneously. Therefore, it would be a promising technology with important environmental value, social value and economic value to combine the treatment of wastewater with the cultivation of microalgae for biodiesel production.

Kinetics of municipal sewage degradation in EGSB and UASB reactors at 10℃ / 药物分析学报

Kinetics of municipal sewage degradation in Expanded Granular Sludge Bed (EGSB) and Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactors at 10℃ were investigated via continuous experimental equipments. The results indicated that the whole reaction process can be simulated by the first-order dynamic equation model. Dynamic parameters such as k, Vmax and Ks of UASB in hydrolysis acidification stage were 1.08 d-1, 2.8 d-1 and 372 mg/L comparing to those of 1.18 d-1, 3.5 d-1 and 112 mg/L in the methanogenesis stage respectively. The EGSB's k, Vmax and Ks were 2.91 d-1, 14.3 d-1 and 470 mg/L in the hydrolysis acidification stage comparing to those of 1.68 d-1, 6.6 d-1 and 103 mg/L in the methanogenesis stage respectively. Comparison of k values of the two stages in UASB and EGSB indicates that hydrolysis acidification stage is the controlling step for the whole reaction process of UASB, while methanogenesis stage is the controlling step in EGSB. Compared with UASB, municipal sewage treatment by EGSB at 10 ℃ can reach the same effluent requirement with lower retention time due to its effluent recirculation.

Research Advance in Removal of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products(PPCPs)during Drinking Water Treatment / 环境与健康杂志

The pollution of surface water and ground water caused by pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs) can directly affect the quality of drinking water.The sources of PPCPs and the routes to the drinking water were introduced briefly in the present paper.The removal efficiency of PPCPs in different unit processes applied in drinking water treatment was discussed in detail,including clarify,oxidization-disinfection,advanced treatment and so on.The performances of drinking water treatment unit processes for PPCPs removal were evaluated simply.