Synthesis and antibacterial activity of water-soluble limonin benzoylhydrazone derivatives / 中国药科大学学报

@#As a compound rich in citrus plants, limonin has a wide range of biological activities, but its practical application is limited because of its poor water solubility.In this paper, eight new compounds 7a-7h were designed and synthesized by introducing benzoyl hydrazone at the carbonyl position of limonin.The results showed that the water solubilities of all compounds were higher than that of limonin, especially 7a, 7d, 7e and 7f.In addition, the experiment showed that compounds 7d and 7e with substituted hydroxyl groups at the interposition and para-position of the benzene ring had strong antibacterial effects against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, and that compound 7e had the best activity, with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 0.31 mg/mL and 1.25 mg/mL, respectively.And compound 7e had better antibacterial activiy in E.coli than sodium benzoate.

Improvement of ultrasound positioning technique for peripherally inserted central catheter tip position in neonates / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To explore a new method of ultrasound-guided positioning of the tip of neonatal peri-pherally inserted central catheter (PICC).Methods:Clinical data of 174 newborn infants hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Beijing Chaoyang District Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital from January 2019 to April 2021 receiving PICC catheter intubated under the guidance of ultrasound for positioning the tip were retrospectively analyzed to explore the accuracy, reliability and feasibility of the improved ultrasound-guided positioning technique.Before lower extremity catheterization, ultrasound was performed to monitor the vascular pattern and catheterization of PICC was conducted under the guidance of ultrasound.Results:(1) Among 174 infants intubated with ultrasound-guided positioning of the PICC tip, 172(98.9%) of them had the ideal position, and 2(1.1%) did not achieve the ideal position, but achieved the ideal position after ultrasound-guided correction.(2) Lower extremity venous catheterization was successfully performed at 100.0% after ultrasound-guided monitoring of blood vessels.The time-consuming of lower extremity venous catheterization was significantly shorter than that of the previous method [(31.50±2.58) min vs.(56.10 ±5.30 min)]( t=46.84, P<0.001). The total success rate of catheterization and catheterization of lower limb vein increased by 7.0% and 17.5%, respectively.(3) Only 1 (0.57%) case reported the complication of catheter tip thrombosis, the complication rate of which decreased from the previous 79.00% to 2.70%(2/112 cases). Conclusions:The improved ultrasound-guided positioning of the PICC tip is convenient, simple, faster and accurate, which enhances the success rate and is worthy to be applied in clinical practice.

Risk factors analysis of early rebleeding after endoscopic treatment of esophageal varices / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective To investigate the risk factors of early rebleeding after endoscopic treatment of esophageal varices. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 384 cirrhotic patients with esophageal varices. The factors of early rebleeding group[n=36(9.4%)]and non?bleeding group(n=348)were compared by single factor analysis and multivariate analysis of Logistic regression. Results Single factor analysis showed that there were differences between the two groups in cirrhosis with hepatocellular carcinoma, Child?Pugh classification, Child?Pugh score, ascites volume, portal vein thrombosis, portal vein width, portal hypertensive gastropathy, shapes and numbers of varicose veins, numbers of varicose vein ligation, varicose vein red syndrome, albumin, total bilirubin, prothrombin time, prothrombin activity and platelet number. Further multivariate analysis showed that mass ascites(P=0.000, OR=7.614,95%CI: 3.590?16.147), portal vein thrombosis(P=0.003, OR=2.867, 95%CI: 1.429?5.750),portal hypertensive gastropathy(P=0.000, OR=6.212, 95%CI: 3.036?12.711), and Child?Pugh C(P=0.008,OR=3.078,95%CI:1.338?7.083)were independent risk factors of early rebleeding after endoscopic treatment. Conclusion The early rebleeding rate was high after endoscopic treatment of esophageal varices. Patients with massive ascites,portal vein thrombosis,portal hypertensive gastropathy and Child?Pugh C should be highly vigilant for early rebleeding.

Insulin resistance in elderly patients with liver cirrhosis and diabetes mellitus / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between insulin resistance and hepatic function in elderly liver cirrhosis (LC)patients with diabetes (LC-DM)and to provide evidence for clinical treatment.Methods Thirty cases of elderly LC,30 cases of elderly LC-DM,30 younger patients (＜60 years)with LC-DM and 30 healthy subjects were enrolled.Levels of fasting plasma glucose(FPG)and fasting plasma insulin(FINS)were examined to evaluate the homeostasis model for assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR),which was used for comparison between the groups.Moreover,the relationship between HOMA-IR and the Child Pugh classification was also analyzed.Results Patients in the elderly LC group were associated with significantly higher levels of FINS (9.58±3.62 vs.6.03±1.99 mU/L,P＜0.05)and HOMA-IR(2.47±0.88 vs.2.12±0.99,P＜0.05),compared with the control group.Meanwhile,levels of FPG,FINS and HOMA-IR in the elderly LC-DM group were (5.83 ± 1.40) mmol/L,(15.63 ± 6.37) mU/L and 6.33 ± 2.59,respectively,significantly higher than those[(5.03±0.83)mmol/L,(9.58±3.62)mU/L,2.47±0.88]in the elderly LC group and those[(5.31±0.58)mmol/L,(6.03±1.99)mU/L,2.12±0.99]in the control group (all P＜0.05).However,levels of FPG,FINS and HOMA IR were similar between the elderly LC-DM group and the younger LC-DM group(P＞0.05).In the elderly LC-DM group,more patients(66.7 ％) had Child-Pugh C liver function compared with the elderly LC group(36.7 ％)and the younger LC-DM group(40.0％)(both P＜0.05).Of those in the LC and LC-DM groups,levels of HOMA IR were 7.39±2.25 in patients with Child-Pugh C,which were significantly higher than those in patients with Child Pugh B function(4.90± 1.76) and with Child Pugh A liver function(2.69± 1.02)(both P＜0.05).Conclusions Hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance are more pronounced in elderly LC DM than in elderly LC,with poor liver function and prognosis.

Sclerotherapy for faciocervical lymphatic malformations under digital subtraction angiography in children / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and advantages of fluoroscopy sclerotherapy treatment for the faciocervical lymphatic malformations (LMs) under digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in children. Method:Retrospective analysis of 48 cases of lymphatic malfromations who were treated with intratumoral injection of Pingyangmycin and iohexol under DSA and fluoroscopy, and followed up in Kunming children's hospital. Result:Forty-eight cases of children were treated 1 to 5 intratumoral injection of Pingyangmycin and iohexol that carried out under DSA and fluoroscopy. Follow up ranged from 6 to 18 months, 22 cases (45.83%) were cured, 19 cases (39.85%) were markedly effective, 5 cases (10.42%) were effective and 2 cases (4.17%) were ineffective. The total effective rate was 95.83% with no scarring, pigmentation and significant postoperative complications. Conclusion:Intratumoral injection of Pingyangmycin under DSA is an effective and safe method for treatment of lymphatic malformations in children and has the advantages of positioning accuracy, less damage, fewer complication and no influence on apperarence and function.

Expression of serum IGF-1,IGFBP-3 in children with obstructive sleep apnea hyponea syndrome / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

[ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVETo analyse the levels of serum IGF-1、IGFBP-3 in children with obstructive sleep apnea hyponea syndrome (OSAHS).METHODS50 children with OSAHS and 10 healthy children were enrolled in this study. According to the respiratory disturbance index (AHI). Serum IGF-1、IGFBP-3 of children were determined and the results were analyze.RESULTSSerum level of IGF-1 had significant statistical differences between severe OSAHS group and controls (t=4.275,P0.05). Serum IGF-1 of severe OSAHS children was negatively correlated with AHI (r=-0.505,P0.05). Serum level of IGFBP-3 in OSAHS children had no significant correlation with AHI, lowest average blood oxygen saturation and SWS sleep (P>0.05).CONCLUSION Serum levels of IGF-1 in children are more easily affected by OSAHS than serum level of IGFBP-3. Growth retardation of children with OSAHS may be related to the decrease of IGF-1 concentration.

Diagnosis and surgical resection of faciocervical lipomas in children / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To discuss the clinical characteristics, imaging findings, surgical treatment and effectiveness of faciocervical lipomas in children.@*METHOD@#Twenty children with lipomas who were performed surgical resection under the tracheal intubation anesthesia, of which 3 cases located in face and 17 cases located in neck were retrospectively analyzed. Computed tomography (CT) was used in 8 cases and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 6 cases for differential diagnosis. CT and MRI were used to diagnose 6 patients pre-operatively.@*RESULT@#The image of computed tomography (CT) revealed that 15 cases showed oval and flat circular area and 5 cases showed lobulated lesion. The CT value was negative typically. The signal was inhomogeneous in MRI. The patients' magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) presented a high signal intensity on T1 and T2WI. The hyperintense signal can be suppressed in fat-suppression T2WI sequence. The hypointense of tumor signals fell in tandem surrounding adipose tissue. All the patients got satisfied curative effect after operation. There were no complications such as trachyphonia, bucking and dyspnea. Following up for 6 months to 2 years,no recurrence case occurred.@*CONCLUSION@#Lipomas generally occur in adult patients, quite rare in children. Imaging examination is helpful in the differential diagnosis of lipoma. Surgical resection is the only effective treatment for lipomas at present.

Clinical and Pathological Features of Canceration of Epidermoid Cyst / 天津医药

Objective To study and research the clinical pathologic features, immunohistochemistry and prognosis of epidermoid cyst with cancerous changes. Methods Six cases of epidermoid cyst with cancerous changes were studied of their clinical pathologic features and immunohistochemistic expression and their prognosis was evaluated by follow-up vis-its. Results Clinical features: All six cases showed local enclosed mass and underwent extensive resection. No recur-rence nor metastasis were shown in one year follow up. Pathological examination show irregular cystic mass with bean curd like fillings in it. Microscopic examination showed those cysts were lined with squamous epithelium which indicate invasive growth. Pathological diagnosis: Epidermoid cyst canceration to squamous cell carcinoma. Immuno-phenotype: CK 5/6 and P63 were positive in all six squamous cell cancer cases. Conclusion Epidermoid cyst with cancerous changes are quite rare. Diagnosis of the tumor largely relies on histopathology and immunohistochemical markers also assist diagnosis. Local appropriate expanded resection is preferred. Its malignant degree is low and prognosis is good.

Effect of interleukin-33 on Th1/Th2 cytokine ratio in peripheral lymphocytes in asthmatic mice / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Allergic asthma is a chronic airway inflammatory disease partly characterised by high concentration of T help 2 (Th2) cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). There is no report on the relation of peripherally circulating blood lymphocytes and asthma. We explored the balance of Th2/Th1 cytokines in asthmatic mice. Exogenous recombinant interleukin (IL) 33 acted on murine peripheral circulating blood lymphocytes, IL-5 cytokine was selected for assessing Th2 cytokines and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) for Th1 cytokines.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Female specific pathogen free BABL/c mice were sensitised by intraperitoneal injection of 20 µg of ovalbumin emulsified in 1 mg of aluminium hydroxide gel in a total volume of 200 µl, and challenged for 30 minutes in 7 consecutive days with an aerosol of 2 g ovalbumin in 100 ml of PBS. Then we collected BALF and isolated lymphocytes from the peripheral blood. The lymphocytes were divided into two groups: asthmatic group and normal group. Th1/Th2 cytokines was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the asthma group, we found numerous eosinophils and lymphocytes on the glass slides. We then confirmed that the optimal concentration of IL-33 was 10 ng/ml and time of IL-33 stimulating lymphocytes was 24 hours. In the asthma group, the production of IL-5 was significantly increased over normal group after stimulation with IL-33 (P < 0.05) and the production of IFNγ was supressed from IL-33 stimulated lymphocytes (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>IL-33 acts on lymphocytes of peripheral blood increasing secretion of Th2 cytokines and inhibiting secretion of Th1 cytokines.</p>

Detection of point mutations in genes related to fluconazole resistance in Candida albicans / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship of point mutations in ERG11,TAC1,MRR1 and UPC2 genes to fluconazole resistance in Candida albicans.Methods This study included 11 fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans strains.DNA was extracted from these Candida isolates by urea pyrolysis method.PCR was carried out to amplify the full-length EGR11 gene,as well as the corresponding fragments of TAC1,MRR1 and UPC2 genes followed by DNA sequencing.Results Eight mutations were detected in the ERG11 gene,including D116E,Y132H,Y132F,K143Q,T229A,E266D,G448E and G464S.Among them,K143Q was a novel mutation and had not been reported.A G648D mutation was detected in the UpC2 gene.No mutations were detected in the TAC1 or MRR1 gene.Conclusions There is a definite association between fluconazole resistance and ERG11 mutations,while further research is warranted to clarify the relationship between the mutations of TAC1,MRR1,UPC2 genes and resistance to fluconazole.

Efficiency of Compound Active Carbon Filter in Reducing Free Radicals in Cigarettes Smoke / 环境与健康杂志

Objective To study the efficiency of the compound active carbon filter in reducing the content of free radicals in the smoke of cigarettes. Methods 9 trademarks of cigarettes installed the compound active carbon filters were collected and ESR was used to analyze the content of free radicals in the particle and gas phases. Results The results showed that the efficiency of the compound active carbon filters to reduce the content of free radicals in the cigarette smoke was not identical,some samples even showed an inverse result. Conclusion Based on the results of the present paper,it is not considered that the compound active carbon filter can always reduce the free radicals in the smoke of cigarettes.

Color Doppler flow imaging analysis of ocular hemodynamics in patients with diabetic retinopathy / 中国基层医药

Objective To inustigate oceular blood flow velocity in the eyes of paicients with diabetic retino pathy.Methods Hemodynamic parameters in the ophthalmic arteny(OA),central retinal artery(CRA) were determined with color Doppler sonography(CDS) in 70 eyes of 35 patients with diabetic retinopathy and 80 eyes of 40 patients of mormal controlts.Results Compared with normal subjects,the patients with diabetic retinopathy showed significant slower hemodynamic pararneters with OA.CRA and higher with resistive index(P

Effect of fluoride varnish on microconsistency of enamel under irradiation / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To study the effect of fluoride varnish on microconsistency of enamel after under irradiation in vitro. Methods Normal enamel samples were randomly divided into four groups: control group,irradiation group,fluoride varnish group and fluoride varnish-irradiation group.The microconsistency of enamel surface before and after treatment,after anti-caries test was measured by type MH-5 durometer. Results Fluoride varnish had an inhibitory effect on the decrease of enamel microconsistency etched with lactate buffer.The microconsistency in irradiation group was obviously lower than that in control group(P

Relationship Between Free Radical Content and Tar Content in Cigarettes / 环境与健康杂志

Objective To study the methods of preparing samples, analyse free radical in smoke of cigarette and the relationship between free radical and the other harmful components in the cigarette smoke. Methods The contents of two types of free radical in smoke of 13 kinds of cigarettes were determined with electron spim resonance(ESR) and the self-made equipment. Results The analytic results showed that the main component was the free radical in gas state in all cigarette samples and it was about 10-30 times higher than the content of free radical in solid state. The content of free radical in gas state of cigarette made in China was lower than that made in foreign country. Conclusion The analysis method using ESR and the self-made equipment will be easily used in the related experiment; The level of free radical in gas and solid state is positively related to the level of tar and nicotine in the cigarette sample of same trademark but it is not the same in the samples of different trademark. Therefore, we can not to infer the content of free radial in cigarette smoke by the content of tar and nicotine in it,especially for the content of free radial in gas state. Using charcoal filter is benefit to reduce the level of free radical in cigarette smoke.