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【Objective】 To evaluate the dietary quality with the dietary balance index (DBI_16) and the association between dietary quality and bone mass among middle-aged and elderly people in Gansu Province so as to provide evidence for improving dietary quality and bone health status of Gansu population. 【Methods】 Based on the information of the type and quantity of food intake and the bone mass of middle-aged and elderly people aged 35 years and above collected by the Gansu Project in the Regional Ethnic Cohort Study in Northwest China, DBI_16 was used to evaluate the intake level of cereals, vegetables, fruits, milk, beans, fish and shrimp, eggs and other foods, and the degree of inadequate, excessive and unbalanced dietary intake of the participants. Multiple linear regression was used to evaluate the associations of three component indexes of DBI_16, high bound score (DBI_HBS), low bound score (DBI_LBS), diet quality distance (DBI_DQD), and seven single indexes of DBI_16 with bone mass. 【Results】 Analyses of the dietary and bone mass data of 11,840 participants showed that 44.8% of participants consumed excessive amounts of cereals compared to the dietary recommendation. 96.3%, 90.6%, 90.1%, 71.9%, 95.1% and 60.3% of participants’ intake of vegetables, fruits, milk, soybeans, fish and shrimp, and eggs, respectively, were inadequate. 47.7% participants consumed less than 10 types of food. 2.3% participants’ DBI_LBS levels were appropriate. 54.7% participants’ DBI_HBS levels were appropriate. Only 1.2% participants’ DBI_DQD reached a balanced level. The bone mass level in the study population was (2.5±0.6) kg [(2.8±0.5) kg for men and (2.3±0.5) kg for women]. After adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, total dietary energy intake and body mass index, DBI_LBS and DBI_DQD were negatively associated with bone mass [β and 95% CI was -0.002 01 (-0.003 62--0.000 40) and -0.001 76 (-0.003 09--0.000 43), respectively]. 【Conclusion】 Dietary intake imbalance is common among middle-aged and elderly people in Gansu Province, and the more severe the dietary intake imbalance, the lower the bone mass level.
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【Objective】 To estimate the prevalence, associated factors and patterns of multimorbidity of non-communicable diseases among adults in Shaanxi Province so as to provide evidence for the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases. 【Methods】 We used the data of adults aged 18 years and older collected in the baseline survey of Shaanxi Project in the Regional Ethnic Cohort Study in Northwest China. Multinomial logistic regression was used to explore the associated factors for multimorbidity. Exploratory factor analysis was used to extract patterns of multimorbidity. 【Results】 The prevalence of multimorbidity was 10.7% among the 44 442 participants. Age increase, being males, urban residence, and being overweight or obesity were positively associated with multimorbidity. Compared with women, men had a higher risk of multimorbidity. The OR and 95% CI was 1.25 (1.12-1.39). The risk of multimorbidity increased with age among adults. Compared with participants aged 18.0-34.9 years, the ORs and 95% CIs of those aged 35.0-44.9, 45.0-54.9, 55.0-64.9, and ≥65.0 years were 4.73 (3.47-6.46), 15.61 (11.60-21.00), 41.39 (30.76-55.70) and 90.04 (66.58-121.77), respectively. The primary multimorbidity patterns among adults in Shaanxi were cardiovascular-metabolic multimorbidity (5.4%), viscero-articular multimorbidity (1.0%), and respiratory multimorbidity (0.3%). 【Conclusion】 More than one in ten adults in Shaanxi Province had multimorbidity, and the predominant pattern of multimorbidity was cardiovascular-metabolic multimorbidity. The prevention and control of non-communicable diseases should be reinforced in middle-aged and older people, males, people living in the urban, and overweight or obese people. More attention should be paid to the prevention and control of cardiovascular-metabolic diseases.
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【Objective】 To compare the ability of body mass index （BMI）， body fat percentage （BFP）， waist circumference （WC）， waist-to-height ratio （WHtR）， visceral fat index （VFI） and the combinations of two kinds of obesity indices to predict the risk of hypertension. 【Methods】 Data collected in the baseline survey of “Gansu Province’s Urban and Rural Natural Population Cohort Establishment and Tumor Follow-up Study” were analyzed. Area under the curve （AUC） of ROC curve with covariates was used to analyze and compare the effects of individual obesity evaluation index and the combination of two kinds of obesity indices in predicting the risk of hypertension. 【Results】 Analyses of data of 20，079 adults showed that the AUC of BMI， WC， WHtR， BFP and VFI was 0.636， 0.604， 0.615， 0.614 and 0.619， respectively. AUC of the combination of BMI and WC （0.643） was higher than that of BMI （0.636）； however， the change rate of AUC was only 1.09%. AUC of the combinations of WC， WHtR and VFI， the three central obesity evaluation indices， and BFP， a general obesity evaluation index， were lower than that of BMI. The optimal cutoff value for BMI was 24.2 kg/m2. 【Conclusion】 The effect of BMI in predicting the risk of hypertension is better than that of BFP， WC， WHtR and VFI. The effects of the combinations of the two kinds of obesity evaluation indices are not better than that of BMI. To prevent and control hypertension， adults should keep their BMI under overweight.
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【Objective】 To explore the dynamic change of depression in diabetic patients so as to provide evidence for early detection and warning of psychological problems in diabetic patients. 【Methods】 Based on the data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study （CHARLS）， the propensity score matching method was used to eliminate confounding factors in the study. The linear growth model， the nonlinear quadratic growth model， and the growth model without defined curve type were fitted respectively. According to the fitting indices of the models， the optimal solution of the growth function was determined to explore the changes of depression development in the diabetic patients. 【Results】 A total of 5 711 cases （5 380 cases in the non-diabetic group and 331 cases in the diabetic group） were included in the study. After propensity score matching， 1 621 cases （1 291 cases in the non-diabetic group and 330 cases in the diabetic group） were included and all confounding factors were balanced between the two groups. By fitting three growth curve models with latent variables， the results showed that the model without defined curve type was better than the other two models. The mean depression score for initial status in the non-diabetic and diabetic groups was 9.640 and 10.097， respectively， with significant inter-individual differences. During the follow-up period， the depression status of both groups showed a trend of decrease first and then increase， but the depression score was always lower in the non-diabetic group than in the diabetic group. At the same time， there was no individual difference in the rate of change between the two groups， and there was no statistical difference between the initial depression score and the subsequent slope of change. 【Conclusion】 Exploring the change track of depression status over time in diabetic patients， understanding the individual psychological change trend and further explaining the differences between individuals are of great significance for intervention on psychological status at different stages.
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【Objective】 To evaluate the associations of total fat and fatty acid consumption with the risk of hypertension among rural residents in Hanzhong, Shaanxi Province. 【Methods】 A cross-sectional survey on dietary status with a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was conducted among rural residents aged between 18 and 80 years old in Hanzhong of Shaanxi. Multivariate log-binomial regression models and restricted cubic spline were used to explore the associations of dietary total fat, saturated fatty acid, polyunsaturated fatty acid and monounsaturated fatty acids with hypertension and as well as association between dose and response. 【Results】 A total of 2241 individuals were included, with 774 males and 1467 females. Monounsaturated fatty acid accounted for 51.9% of total dietary fat intake, while the other two fatty acids for 48.1%. The intake of dietary fat and any fatty acid in men was significantly in men higher than in women (P<0.001). Results of multivariable log-binomial regression indicated that after adjustment of energy, socio-demographic and lifestyles, the risk of hypertension reduced significantly in Q4 group, compared with that in Q1 (PR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.54-0.92; P-trend: 0.022) in females. A nonlinear dose-response relationship between monounsaturated fatty acids and hypertension was detected by restricted cubic spline in women (Pnon-linear<0.01). No association was observed of total fat, saturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid with hypertension regardless of the gender. 【Conclusion】 In women, increased consumption of monounsaturated fats might play a positive role in reducing the risk of hypertension. Further research is warranted to verify the rationality of causal inference and break-point.
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Objective To understand the prevalence of hypertension and quantitative relationship between family history and the risk of hypertension among rural residents living in Hanzhong District,Shaanxi province.Methods A multistage random sampling survey was conducted.Data on the characteristics related to hypertension were collected and physical examination was conducted.Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between family history and hypertension.Results A total number of 2 817 rural residents aged 18-80 with complete information were recruited.The crude prevalence of hypertension was 33.7％.Results from the logistic regression analysis showed that the OR was 2.06 (95％ CI:1.70-2.50) between family histories with or without hypertension.When the first-degree relatives were with the degrees of family history of hypertention as Ⅰ,Ⅱ or llⅢ,the OR values of hypertension appeared as 1.83 (95％C1:1.47-2.27),2.94 (95％CI:2.09-4.13) and 4.48 (95％ CI:2.17-9.27) respectively.Either father or mother having the positive family history of hypertension,the corresponding OR values appeared as 2.50 (95％ CI:1.84-3.40),1.61(95％CI:1.22-2.12) seen in mothers.However,when both father and mother having the family history of hypertention,the OR value was seen 2.82 (95％CI:1.76-4.51) in the mothers.Conclusion Family history appeared as a risk factor for hypertension.The number of first-degree relatives with positive family history showed a dose-response relationship to the occurrence of hypertension.Family history in both father or mother might further affect the incidence of hypertension.
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Objective To understand the prevalence of hypertension and quantitative relationship between family history and the risk of hypertension among rural residents living in Hanzhong District,Shaanxi province.Methods A multistage random sampling survey was conducted.Data on the characteristics related to hypertension were collected and physical examination was conducted.Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between family history and hypertension.Results A total number of 2 817 rural residents aged 18-80 with complete information were recruited.The crude prevalence of hypertension was 33.7％.Results from the logistic regression analysis showed that the OR was 2.06 (95％ CI:1.70-2.50) between family histories with or without hypertension.When the first-degree relatives were with the degrees of family history of hypertention as Ⅰ,Ⅱ or llⅢ,the OR values of hypertension appeared as 1.83 (95％C1:1.47-2.27),2.94 (95％CI:2.09-4.13) and 4.48 (95％ CI:2.17-9.27) respectively.Either father or mother having the positive family history of hypertension,the corresponding OR values appeared as 2.50 (95％ CI:1.84-3.40),1.61(95％CI:1.22-2.12) seen in mothers.However,when both father and mother having the family history of hypertention,the OR value was seen 2.82 (95％CI:1.76-4.51) in the mothers.Conclusion Family history appeared as a risk factor for hypertension.The number of first-degree relatives with positive family history showed a dose-response relationship to the occurrence of hypertension.Family history in both father or mother might further affect the incidence of hypertension.
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Objective To analyze the effect of special risk exposures during periconception period on birth defects of newborns.Methods From Jul.to Dec.2013,the multi-stage stratified random sampling method was adopted.Women of childbearing age between 15 and 49 who were pregnant during 2010 to 2013 in Shaanxi Province were selected as study subjects for investigation on special risk factors exposed during periconception period.The Logistic regression model was adopted to analyze the association between newborns' birth defects and special risk exposures.Results The study included 30 010 women of childbearing age and 29 550 newborns with 572 (193.57/ 10 000) cases of birth defects.After adjusting for demographic factors,the risk factors for birth defects were drinking [OR=2.29,95％ CI (1.22,4.29)] and passive smoking [OR=1.25,95％ CI (1.02,1.53)] during periconception.There was a higher risk of birth defects when exposure to medicine [OR =1.64,95％ CI (1.04,2.61)],pesticides [OR =2.41,95％ CI (1.09,5.35)],biological risk factors [OR-1.64,95％ CI (1.05,2.56)],physical risk factors [OR=1.15,95％ CI (1.13,2.34)] and chemical risk factors [OR =2.36,95％ CI (1.36,4.11)] 3 months both before and after pregnancy.Similarly,after adjusting for demographic factors and behaviors,we found that birth defects were related to antibiotics,salicylates,and antitussive,which could increase the risk of birth defects (P＜0.05).Conclusion Exposure to passive smoking and drinking during periconception and exposure to medicines and pesticides,as well as biological,physical and chemical risk factors 3 months before and after pregnancy could increase the risk of birth defects in newborns.
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Objective To explore the association between folic acid supplementation during periconcerptional period and congenital heart disease in newborns to provide scientific evidence for making intervening measures.Methods Using stratified random cluster sampling,a total of 30 counties were sampled from Shaanxi Province.A questionnaire survey was conducted among childbearing-aged women pregnant between January 2010 and November 2013.All of the included women had definite pregnancy outcomes and had signed the consent form.Logistic regression was performed to investigate the association between folic acid supplementation during pregnancy and congenital heart disease in newborns.Results In total,28 354 questionnaires were available for analysis.The overall prevalence of congenital heart disease among live-birth neonates in the present study was 7.3‰.The percentage of childbearing-age women who had taken folic acid supplementation during pregnancy was 64.4％,while only 17.2％ of them took folic acid according to the specification.Taking folic acid regularly during pregnancy was associated with a lower risk of congenital heart disease among the newborns (OR 0.502,95％ CI:0.279 0.902).The multiple-factor analysis results also showed that taking folic acid regularly during periconcerptional period could reduce the risk of congenital heart disease (adjusted OR=0.512,P=0.046) when we controlled the family background factors,mother factors and exposure risk factors during pregnancy.However,no association was found between irregularly taking folic acid during periconcerptional period and the risk of congenital heart disease.Conclusion Taking folic acid according to the specification during periconcerptional period (taking folic acid during 3 months before pregnancy to 3 months after pregnancy with a daily dose of 0.4mg for more than 90 days) may prevent congenital heart disease of newborns.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of the combined supplementation of folic acid,vitamin B12 and B6 on the risk of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases.Methods The literatures of randomized control trials about the relationship between the combined supplementation of folic acid,vitamin B 12 and B6 and risk of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases from 1980 to 2014 were retrieved,and the eligible studies were screened for a Meta-analysis.The study indicators were the incidences of cardiovascular disease events,myocardial infarction and stroke.The cffect indicators were relative risk (RR) and 95％ confidence interval (CI).Jadad score was used for the quality evaluation of the trials used in the study.Results The literatures of 11 randomized control trials,involving 26 395 patients,were used in the Meta-analysis.The combined supplementation of B vitamins had no effect on the incidence of cardiovascular disease events (RR=1.00,95％ CI:0.94-1.07) based on 8 studies.The combined supplementation of B vitamins had no effect on the incidence of myocardial infarction (RR =1.03,95％ CI:0.94-1.13) based on 9 studies.The combined supplementation of B vitamins could reduce the incidence of stroke by 14％ (RR=0.86,95％CI:0.78-0.95) based on 9 studies.Compared with the control group,Taking folic acid combined with vitamin B12 and B6 could reduce the level of homocysteine by 2.53 μmol/L (95％CI:-3.93--1.12).Subgroup analysis indicated that the follow-up time,the dosage of folic acid and vitamin B12 and B6,the history of diseases had no confounding effect on the incidence of cardio-cerebrovascular disease events.But the subgroup analysis for stroke showed that with the extension of follow-up time,the supplementation of B vitamins could reduce the risk of stroke.The effect of folic acid and B12 in small dosage seemed more significant in the prevention of stroke,while the preventive effect of B6 increased with increasing dosage.The preventive effect of combined supplementation of B vitamins was more significant for the patients with a history of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases.Conclusion Taking folic acid combined with vitamin B6 and B12 might have no significant effect on the incidences of cardio-cerebrovascular disease events and myocardial infarction,but could lower the risk of stroke and the level of homocysteine.
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Objective To assess the association between exposure to prenatal outdoor air pollution and preterm birth to provide evidence in setting up programs for prevention on premature birth.Methods Case-control studies regarding association between pregnant exposure to outdoor air pollution and preterm birth were collected.Data were analyzed with Stata 12.0.Results Ten articles including 48 556 cases and 548 495 controls were qualified for inclusion.Results from Meta-analyses showed pooled ORs for exposure to NO2,PM10,CO,PM2.5,and NO during the entire pregnancy were 0.960 (95％CI:0.935-0.985),1.068 (95％CI:1.035-1.103),1.122 (95％CI:1.078-1.168),1.110 (95％ CI:1.043-1.181) and 0.994 (95％ CI:0.973-1.016).Association between air pollution and preterm birth varied with the periods of exposure.Pooled ORs for NO2,PM10 and SO2 exposure during the first trimester were 1.117 (95％CI:1.052-1.186),0.968 (95％CI:0.812-1.153) and 1.258 (95％CI:0.758-2.089).Pooled ORs for NO2,PM10,SO2 exposure during the second trimester were 1.000 (95％ CI:0.982-1.019),1.127 (95％ CI:0.896-1.416) and 0.977 (95％CI:0.711-1.342).Pooled ORs for NO2,PM10,SO2 exposure during the third trimester were 1.006 (95％CI:1.002-1.010),1.053 (95％CI:0.973-1.139) and 1.003 (95％CI:1.000-1.006).Conclusion Exposures to PM10,CO and PM2.5 during the entire pregnancy,to NO2 during the first trimester,or to NO2 and SO2 during the third trimester were associated with preterm births.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of the combined supplementation of folic acid,vitamin B12 and B6 on the risk of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases.Methods The literatures of randomized control trials about the relationship between the combined supplementation of folic acid,vitamin B 12 and B6 and risk of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases from 1980 to 2014 were retrieved,and the eligible studies were screened for a Meta-analysis.The study indicators were the incidences of cardiovascular disease events,myocardial infarction and stroke.The cffect indicators were relative risk (RR) and 95％ confidence interval (CI).Jadad score was used for the quality evaluation of the trials used in the study.Results The literatures of 11 randomized control trials,involving 26 395 patients,were used in the Meta-analysis.The combined supplementation of B vitamins had no effect on the incidence of cardiovascular disease events (RR=1.00,95％ CI:0.94-1.07) based on 8 studies.The combined supplementation of B vitamins had no effect on the incidence of myocardial infarction (RR =1.03,95％ CI:0.94-1.13) based on 9 studies.The combined supplementation of B vitamins could reduce the incidence of stroke by 14％ (RR=0.86,95％CI:0.78-0.95) based on 9 studies.Compared with the control group,Taking folic acid combined with vitamin B12 and B6 could reduce the level of homocysteine by 2.53 μmol/L (95％CI:-3.93--1.12).Subgroup analysis indicated that the follow-up time,the dosage of folic acid and vitamin B12 and B6,the history of diseases had no confounding effect on the incidence of cardio-cerebrovascular disease events.But the subgroup analysis for stroke showed that with the extension of follow-up time,the supplementation of B vitamins could reduce the risk of stroke.The effect of folic acid and B12 in small dosage seemed more significant in the prevention of stroke,while the preventive effect of B6 increased with increasing dosage.The preventive effect of combined supplementation of B vitamins was more significant for the patients with a history of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases.Conclusion Taking folic acid combined with vitamin B6 and B12 might have no significant effect on the incidences of cardio-cerebrovascular disease events and myocardial infarction,but could lower the risk of stroke and the level of homocysteine.
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Objective To assess the association between exposure to prenatal outdoor air pollution and preterm birth to provide evidence in setting up programs for prevention on premature birth.Methods Case-control studies regarding association between pregnant exposure to outdoor air pollution and preterm birth were collected.Data were analyzed with Stata 12.0.Results Ten articles including 48 556 cases and 548 495 controls were qualified for inclusion.Results from Meta-analyses showed pooled ORs for exposure to NO2,PM10,CO,PM2.5,and NO during the entire pregnancy were 0.960 (95％CI:0.935-0.985),1.068 (95％CI:1.035-1.103),1.122 (95％CI:1.078-1.168),1.110 (95％ CI:1.043-1.181) and 0.994 (95％ CI:0.973-1.016).Association between air pollution and preterm birth varied with the periods of exposure.Pooled ORs for NO2,PM10 and SO2 exposure during the first trimester were 1.117 (95％CI:1.052-1.186),0.968 (95％CI:0.812-1.153) and 1.258 (95％CI:0.758-2.089).Pooled ORs for NO2,PM10,SO2 exposure during the second trimester were 1.000 (95％ CI:0.982-1.019),1.127 (95％ CI:0.896-1.416) and 0.977 (95％CI:0.711-1.342).Pooled ORs for NO2,PM10,SO2 exposure during the third trimester were 1.006 (95％CI:1.002-1.010),1.053 (95％CI:0.973-1.139) and 1.003 (95％CI:1.000-1.006).Conclusion Exposures to PM10,CO and PM2.5 during the entire pregnancy,to NO2 during the first trimester,or to NO2 and SO2 during the third trimester were associated with preterm births.
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Objective To study the change of levels of IL-6,IL-17,IL-23,IL-8,TNF-α and IFN-γ and their clinical significance on children with different types of Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) Methods The blood specimens of 180 children with HSP as disease group and 30 health children as normal group were collected respectively.Disease group included 30 children at acute stage and 30 at convalescence stage of primary abdominal type,30 at acute stage and 30 at convalescence stage of primary non-abdominal type,30 at acute stage of secondary abdominal type,and 30 at acute stage of secondary non-abdominal type.The plasma levels of IL-6,IL-8,IL-17,IL-23,TNF-α and IFN-γ in the two groups were measured by ELISA method for comparison and analysis.Results The plasma levels of IL-6,IL-8,IL-17,IL-23 and TNF-α in disease group were higher than those in the normal group (P＜0.05).Those levels in the children at acute stage and of primary group were also found to be higher than those at convalescence stage (P＜0.05) and of secondary group (P＜0.05) respectively.Comparison of IL-6,IL-8,IL-17,IL-23 and TNF-α between abdominal type and the non-abdominal type had no significant difference (P＞0.05).The plasma level of IFN-γ in disease group was lower than those in normal group (P＜0.05).The levels of IFN-γ in the children at acute stage and of primary group were lower than those at convalescence stage (P ＜0.05) and of the secondary group (P ＜0.05) Comparison of IFN-γ between abdominal type and non-abdominal type had no significant difference (P＞0.05) Conclusions The plasma levels of IL-6,IL-8,IL-17,IL-23,TNF-o,IFN-γ show obvious changes in children with HSP,which suggests that the changes of cytokines are associated with the pathogenesis and prognosis of Henoch-Schonlein purpura.
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Objective To explore the correlations of coping styles with self-management practices and fear of recurrence in patients having undergone mastocarcinoma resection.Methods Toally 330 patients having received mastocarcinoma resection participated in the investigation by medical coping modes questionnaire (MCMQ),self management scale(SMS) and cancer worry scale (CWS).Pearson correlation analysis was integrated to analyze the correlations of coping style with self-management practices and fear of recurrence.Results The total scores by MCMQ,SMS and CWS were (79.10t7.62),(45.31±4.52) and (14.86±4.36),respectively.Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a significant negative correlation of the coping styles with fear of recurrence,and a positive correlation with the self management(P＜0.001).The items of avoidance and yielding were both positively correlated with the fear of recurrence,while negatively correlated with the self management (P＜0.001).Conclusions The coping style and fear of recurrence are closely correlated.The staff in the community should take active measures to improve the coping styles to reduce the fear of recurrence of the patients who have received mastocarcinoma resection.
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Objective To summarize and analyse the clinical characteristics,diagnosis and treatment options of neuroendocrine carcinoma of gallbladder (GB-NEC).Methods The data of 10 patients with GB-NEC treated in our hospital between December 2007 and December 2012 were retrospectively analyzed and compared with the data of 377 patients with gallbladder adenocarcinoma.Results The 10 patients with GB-NEC accounted for 2.2％ (10/464) of all gallbladder cancers that were treated during the study period.The mean age was 59.0 ± 10.0 years,the ratio of male to female was 1 ∶ 4.All the 10 patients had low-differentiated small cell NEC,four patients were accompanied with an adenocarcinoma.Immunohistochemical examinations showed that the positive rates of CgA,NSE,Syn,EMA were 100％ (10/10),100％ (10/10),88.9％ (8/9) and 87.5％ (7/8),respectively.One,two and seven patients had a TNM grade Ⅱ,ⅣA,and ⅣB,respectively.Seven patients (70.0％) had N2 lymphatic metastases,which was significantly higher than the percentage in patients with gallbladder adenocarcinoma (128/377,34.0％ ; P ＜ 0.05).Two patients were treated with radical resection,while the other 8 patients were treated with palliative surgery.The 1-,2-,and 3-year survival rates of the patients with GB-NEC were 20.0％,10.0％,and 0,respectively.The median survival time was 92 days.In contrast,the 1-,2-,3-,and 5-year survival rates of the 377 patients with gallbladder adenocarcinoma were 32.7％,25.4％,21.3％,and 11.7％ respectively,and the median survival time was 180 days.Condusions GB-NEC was found mainly in aged females.The clinical presentations were mainly non-specific,and immunohistochemical examinations were needed for a definite diagnosis.GB-NEC is highly malignant,and local invasion and lymphatic metastasis could occur early.The short-term recurrence rate was very high.The prognosis of GB-NEC was poorer than gallbladder adenocarcinoma,while surgical resection combined with radiotherapy,chemotherapy and TACE increased the survival of these patients.
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Objective:To establish the model of rats with UC by 2,4,6 trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid ( TNBS)/ethanol to understand the changes of IL-17,IL-23,TGF-β1,IFN-γin pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC) and the impacts of mesalazine,mont-morillonite powder and clostridium on that.Methods:85 rats were divided randomly into 6 groups including the model ,mesalazine, montmorillonite,clostridium,mesalazine combined with montmorillonite powder group (15 rats per group ) and an additional control group of 10 normal rats.TNBS/ethanol was used to establish the model of rats with UC.The dosage of model, mesalazine, montmorillonite powder ,clostridium and mesalazine combined with montmorillonite powder were converted by surface area of rat and given to the rats by gastric-tube daily.All rats were executed at the 12th day of the molding and treatment ,and the blood and colon samples were collected.The content of IL-17,IL-23,TGF-β1,IFN-γwas measured in the blood by the ELISA method.The different changes of the four cytokines were compared separately.Results: ( 1 ) TNBS/ethanol was used to establish the model of rats with UC.The obvious inflammation can be observed on distal colon of rats by pathologic sections of HE stained .(2) The levels of plasma IL-17,IL-23 and IFN-γin the model,mesalazine,montmorillonite,clostridium and mesalazine combined with montmorillonite powder group were higher than ones in the control gruop (P<0.05),meanwhile,the levels of plasma TGF-β1 are lower (P<0.05).3.Comparing with the model group,the levels of plasma IL-17,IL-23 and IFN-γin the mesalazine,montmorillonite,clostridium and mesalazine combined with montmorillonite powder group were lower , and the levels of TGF-β1 were higer.The differences have statistic significative ( P<0.05).(4)Comparing the efficacy of treatment among mesalazine ,montmorillonite powder,clostridium and mesalazine combined with montmorillonite powder ,mesalazine and mesalazine combined with montmorillonite powder gets the best results ( P<0.05 ).The efficacy between montmorillonite powder and clostridium is similar.Conclusion:(1) TNBS/ethanol can be used to establish the model of rats with UC and can be successfully approved by the measurement of symptoms and pathologic investigation .(2)The IL-17,IL-23 and IFN-γare very active higher in the blood of rats with experimental ulcerative colitis induced by TNBS /ethanol, and have a positive correlation with inflammation.The TGF-β1 is in decrease in the blood of rats with colitis , and has a Negative Correlation with inflammation.(3)Mesalazine,montmorillonite powder,clostridium and mesalazine combined with montmorillonite powder may renovate the damage of inflammatory tissues of rats with experimental ulcerative colitis , and relieve the symptom of inflammation by reducing exudation of proinflammatory cytokines IL-17, IL-23 and immune regulatory cytokines IFN-γby producing the exudation of proinflammatory cytokines TGF-β1 to be good for recovery of UC.
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AIM:To investigate the effect of AG 490 on the expression of VEGF and HIF-1α, and the capacity of invasion in human erythroleukemia (HEL) cells.METHODS:The HEL cells were treated with AG490 at different con-centrations .The cell viability was detected by CCK-8 assay.The apoptosis was detected by Hoechst staining .The apoptosis and the cell cycle were analyzed by flow cytometry .The capacity of migration was evaluated by Transwell assay .The mRNA expression level of JAK2 was measured by RT-PCR.The protein levels of p-JAK2, VEGF and HIF-1αwere determined by Western blot.RESULTS:The HEL cell viabilities were 88%, 75%, 48%, 10%and 0.12%after treated with AG490 at 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 μmol/L for 48 h, respectively.The results of Hoechst staining showed that brilliant blue cells in 80 μmol/L AG490 group was significantly increased compared with control group for 48 h.The apoptosis rate of 80μmol/L AG490 group was significantly increased compared with control group at 48 h after AG490 treatment.The number of membrane-permeating HEL cells in 20μmol/L AG490 group at 24 h after AG490 treatment was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05).The mRNA level of JAK2 decreased in a concentration-dependent manner after the HEL cells were treated with different concentrations of AG 490 for 48 h.The protein levels of p-JAK2, VEGF and HIF-1αwere lower in AG490 treatment groups than those in control group (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: AG490 inhibits the expression of VEGF and HIF-1αin HEL cells by inhibiting JAK2 pathway.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the clinical features of patients with gallbladder cancer from 17 hospitals in 5 Northwestern provinces (autonomous region) of China from 2009 to 2013.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 2 379 cases with gallbladder cancer in 17 tertiary hospitals from 5 Northwestern provinces of China from January 2009 to December 2013 were reviewed retrospectively. The clinical data was collected by standardized "Questionnaire for Clinical Survey of Gallbladder Cancer in Northwestern Area of China". χ² test was used to analyze the data.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) Gallbladder cancer from 17 hospitals accounted for 1.6%-6.8% of all bile tract diseases from 2009 to 2013 in Northwestern China, average was 2.7%. Gallbladder cancer accounted for 0.4%-0.9% of abdominal surgery, average was 0.7%. (2) The incidence of gallbladder cancer was higher in the aged females, the ration of female to male was 1.0 to 2.1. The average age of gallbladder cancer was (64 ± 11) years. The occupation of patients was mainly farmers (χ² = 147.10, P < 0.01). (3) 57.2% of the gallbladder cancers were associated with gallstones. (4) The main pathological patterns of gallbladder cancer were moderate and poor differentiated adenocarcinoma, showing an aggressive malignancy. TNM stage IV accounted for 55.1% of all cases, which was associated with the poor prognosis. (5) The curative resection rate was 30.4%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Gallbladder cancer is common in the aged females and mainly at advanced stage. The screening and follow-up of high-risk groups with ultrasound and other methods regularly could increase the early diagnosis rate of gallbladder cancer, aggressive surgical resection combined with other comprehensive treatment could improve the prognosis of patients.</p>
Asunto(s)
Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adenocarcinoma , Epidemiología , Patología , China , Epidemiología , Neoplasias de la Vesícula Biliar , Epidemiología , Patología , Cálculos Biliares , Epidemiología , Incidencia , Pronóstico , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
Objective This study aimed to apply quantile regression to study Hanzhong rural residents health survey data,explore the local distribution characteristics of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and influencing factors and present the value of quantile regression applying in analysis of HRQOL.Methods In this cross-sectional population-based study,we evaluated the HRQOL of 2 737 subjects through filling Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36).Quantile regression model was used to compare MCS and PCS scores and evaluate the associated factors.Results With different quantiles MCS and PCS score,the associated factors and influence degree were different.In general,the influences of marital status,educational level,physical activity,history of disease and HRQOL in the part of the percentile scores were significant.Conclusion Analysis of the distribution of HRQOL of rural residents in Hanzhong and influencing factors would benefit the improvement of HRQOL of local residents.