Intermedin improves renal structure and function and microvascular injury in IgA nephropathy rats / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the hepatotoxicity of rutecarpine(RUT)by using high-content screening technology.Methods HepG2 cells were exposed to different concentrations of RUT for different time, then cell viability was detected by MTT method.Cell count, nucleus injury, mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP), reactive oxygen species(ROS), internal flow of calcium, cell membrane integrity(DIR)were measured by high-content screening technology.The activation of MAPK, NF-κB and JAKs-STATs was assayed by high-content screening technology.The apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry.Results The viability was significantly reduced by 100 μmol·L-1 RUT(P<0.01)after HepG2 cell exposure to RUT for 24 h, the nuclear area decreased and the nuclear morphology was uneven, and after 48 h, the cell count was significantly reduced(P<0.01), the early apoptosis was detected(P<0.01).After HepG2 cell exposure to RUT for 6 h, the levels of ROS and internal flow of calcium significantly increased(P<0.01), and the cell membrane integrity was obviously damaged(P<0.01).After exposure to 100 μmol·L-1 RUT for 24 h, the phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, STAT3 and p38 significantly increased(P<0.01, P<0.05), but there was no significant change in total protein level.The expression of c-Jun and c-Fos was up-regulated at 3 h(P<0.01), and at 3h time point, the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 significantly increased(P<0.01), but nuclear translocation was not significant.Conclusions Under certain conditions, RUT shows cytotoxicity on HepG2 cells, and its toxic mechanism is mainly related to injury caused by oxidative stress and inflammatory response.

Correlation analysis between continuous cropping obstacle of Gastrodia elata and Ilyonectria fungi and relieving strategy / 中国中药杂志

The continuous cropping obstacle of Gastrodia elata is outstanding, but its mechanism is still unclear. In this study, microbial changes in soils after G. elata planting were investigated to explore the mechanism correlated with continuous cropping obstacle. The changes of species and abundance of fungi and bacteria in soils planted with G. elata after 1, 2, and 3 years were compared. The pathogenic fungi that might cause continuous cropping diseases of G. elata were isolated. Finally, the prevention and control measures of soil-borne fungal diseases of G. elata were investigated with the rotation planting pattern of "G. elata-Phallus impudicus". The results showed that G. elata planting resulted in the decrease in bacterial and fungal community stability and the increase in harmful fungus species and abundance in soils. This change was most obvious in the second year after G. elata planting, and the soil microbial community structure could not return to the normal level even if it was left idle for another two years. After G. elata planting in soils, the most significant change was observed in Ilyonectria cyclaminicola. The richness of the Ilyonectria fungus in soils was significantly positively correlated with the incidence of G. elata diseases. When I. cyclaminicola was inoculated in the sterile soil, the rot rate of G. elata was also significantly increased. After planting one crop of G. elata and one to three crops of P. impudicus, the fungus community structure in soils gradually recovered, and the abundance of I. cyclaminicola decreased year by year. Furthermore, the disease rate of G. elata decreased. The results showed that the cultivation of G. elata made the Ilyonectria fungi the dominant flora in soils, and I. cyclaminicola served as the main pathogen of continuous cropping diseases of G. elata, which could be reduced by rotation planting with P. impudicus.

Isolation, identification, and pathogenicity research of brown rot pathogens from Gastrodia elata / 中国中药杂志

Brown rot is a common disease in the cultivation and production of Gastrodia elata, but its pathogens have not been fully revealed. In this study, the pathogenic fungi were isolated and purified from tubers of 77 G. elata samples with brown rot. Pathogens were identified by the pathogenicity test and morphological and molecular identification. The pathogenicity of each pathogen and its inhibitory effects on Armillaria gallica were compared. The results showed that 119 strains of fungi were isolated from tubers of G. elata infected with brown rot. Among them, the frequency of separation of Ilyonectria fungi was as high as 42.01%. The pathogenicity test showed that the pathogenicity characteristics of six strains of fungi were consistent with the natural symptoms of brown rot in G. elata. The morphological and molecular identification results showed that the six strains belonged to I. cyclaminicola and I. robusta in the Nectriaceae family of Sordariomycetes class, respectively. Both types of fungi could produce pigments, conidia, and chlamycospore, and the growth rate of I. cyclaminicola was significantly higher than that of I. robusta. The comparison of pathogenicity showed that the spots formed by I. cyclaminicola inoculation were significantly larger than those of I. robusta inoculation, suggesting I. cyclaminicola was superior to I. robusta in pathogenicity. The results of confrontation culture showed that I. cyclaminicola and I. robusta could signi-ficantly inhibit the germination and cordage growth of A. gallica. A. gallica also inhibited the growth of pathogens, and I. cyclaminicola was less inhibited as compared with I. robusta. The results of this study revealed for the first time that I. cyclaminicola and I. robusta were the pathogens responsible for G. elata brown rot.

Resistance of different ecotypes of Gastrodia elata to tuber rot / 中国中药杂志

Tuber rot has become a serious problem in the large-scale cultivation of Gastrodia elata. In this study, we compared the resistance of different ecotypes of G. elata to tuber rot by field experiments on the basis of the investigation of G. elata diseases. The histological observation and transcriptome analysis were conducted to reveal the resistance differences and the underlying mechanisms among different ecotypes. In the field, G. elata f. glauca had the highest incidence of tuber rot, followed by G. elata f. viridis, and G. elata f. elata and G. elata f. glauca×G. elata f. elata showed the lowest incidence. Tuber rot showcased obvious plant source specificity and mainly occurred in the buds and bottom of G. elata plants. After infection, the pathogen spread hyphae in host cortex cells, which can change the endophytic fungal community structure in the cortex and parenchyma of G. elata. G. elata f. glauca had thinner lytic layer and more sugar lumps in the parenchyma than G. elata f. elata. The transcription of genes involved in immune defense, enzyme synthesis, polysaccharide synthesis, carbohydrate transport and metabolism, hydroxylase activity, and aromatic compound synthesis had significant differences between G. elata f. glauca and G. elata f. elata. These findings suggested that the differences in resis-tance to tuber rot among different ecotypes of G. elata may be related to the varied gene expression patterns and secondary metabolites. This study provides basic data for the prevention and control of tuber rot and the improvement of planting technology for G. elata.

Anaphylaxis effect and substance basis of honeysuckle extract / 中草药·英文版

Objective: To explore the anaphylaxis effect and anaphylaxis substances of honeysuckle. Methods: Rat peritoneal mast cells (PMC) were separated and purified, the cells were incubated with compound 48/80 (0.02 g/L), physiological saline and honeysuckle extract (120 g/L) at 37 °C for 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 min. Degranulation were observed by optical microscope and transmission electron microscope. Annexin V positive cell rate was detected by flow cytometry to reflect the degranulation rate of PMC. SD rats were supplied with honeysuckle extract by intravenous injection at a dose of 2.25 g/L. After administration, different parameters were analyzed, including the symptoms, histamine (HIS) and tryptase (MCT) levels, which were determined to explore the effect of anaphylaxis. Regression analysis was used to calculate the relationships between the peaks and the pharmacological effects to explore potentially anaphylactoid components. Results: The percentage of Annxin V positive cells and the degranulation ratio were markedly elevated in PMC treated with honeysuckle extract for more than 15 min (P < 0.05). HIS and MCT level were significantly elevated after injection of honeysuckle extract for more than 15 min. Morphology of PMC and systemic symptoms were also changed compared with the controlled group (P < 0.05). Regression analysis was used to calculate the relationship between peaks and pharmacological effects, and to determine peaks 7, 10 and 13 as possible anaphylactoid ingredients. Conclusion: This study established a prospective method to clarify the anaphylactoid components of honeysuckle extract, which would provide guidance for screening anaphylactoid components in traditional Chinese medicine injections containing honeysuckle in the prescription.

Resveratrol inhibits progression of IgA nephropathy in rats by inhibiting proliferation of mesangial cells and down regulating expression of PDGF-B and TGF-β1 / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the therapeutic effect of SirTl agonist resveratrol on IgA nephropathy rats and its mechanisms. Methods An IgA nephropathy rat model was established. The rats were divided into four groups randomly: control group, IgA nephropathy group, control treated with Res group and IgA nephropathy treated with Res group. The urine protein was detected by Ponceau S; the biochemical indexes were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer; the pathological changes of kidney were observed by PAS and Masson staining; IgA deposition was observed by immunofluorescence; the expressions of PDGF-B and TGF-fil were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with IgA nephropathy group, the volume of 24-hour urinary protein and the expression of BUN and Scr in Res group decreased significantly, and the fluorescence of IgA in glomerulus was less in resveratrol group; mesangial cells and matrix proliferated and glomerular volume increased in IgA nephropathy group at the later stage, and both of them were significantly inhibited. Resveratrol could significantly reduce the high expression of PDGF-B and TGF-β1 in IgA nephropathy group. Conclusions Res can inhibit the deposition of IgA immune complex in mesangial region of IgA nephropathy rats and reduce glomerulosclerosis by down-regulating the expression of PDGF-B and TGF-β1, in turn it suppresses cell proliferation in mesangial region. It suggests that resveratrol plays an important role in slowing down the progression of IgA nephropathy.

Chinese registry of rheumatoid arthritis: IV. Correlation and consistency of rheumatoid arthritis disease activity indices in China / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Disease activity indices (DAIs) including disease activity score 28 (DAS28), simplified disease activity index (SDAI), and clinical disease activity index (CDAI) have been widely used in clinical practice and research studies of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The objective of our study was to evaluate the correlation and concordance among different DAIs in Chinese patients with RA.@*METHODS@#A cross-sectional study, including patients enrolled in the Chinese registry of rheumatoid arthritis from November 2016 to August 2018, was conducted. The correlations were evaluated using Spearman correlation coefficient and concordance with Bland-Altman plots, quadratic weighted kappa, and discordance rates in the crosstab. For other indices, the optimal cutoff points corresponding to SDAI remission were explored through receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.@*RESULTS@#A total of 30,501 patients were included, of whom 80.46% were women. Most individuals were with moderate disease activity or high disease activity. High correlations among DAS28-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and DAS28-C-reactive protein (CRP), SDAI and CDAI were observed. Similarly, the weighted kappa value among the indices was high. In Bland-Altman plots, a positive difference between DAS28-ESR and DAS28-CRP was observed, with an absolute difference of >1.2 in 3079 (10.09%) patients. In crosstab, approximately 30% of the patients were classified into different groups. Concordance values between SDAI remission and the optimal cutoff points of DAS28-ESR, DAS28-CRP, and CDAI were 3.06, 2.37, and 3.20, respectively.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Although DAIs had high correlations and weighted kappa values, the discordance between DAIs was significant in Chinese patients with RA. The four DAIs are not interchangeable.

Effect of Gastrodiae elata-Phallus impudicus sequential planting pattern on soil microbial community structure / 中国中药杂志

Gastrodia elata is a heterotrophic plant that needed to be symbiotic with Armillaria. The obstacle of continuous cropping in G. elata is serious during the G. elata cultivation, and the mechanism of obstacle in G. elata continuous cropping had not been solved. The planting of G. elata-Phallus impudicus is a new sequential planting pattern adopted in Guizhou province, but the effect of the cultivation on soil microbial community structure is still unclear. In this study, we collected four soil samples for the research including the soil without planted G. elata as control(CK), rhizosphere soil samples tightly adhering to the G. elata surface(GE), rhizosphere soil samples tightly adhering to Armillaria which was symbiotic with G. elata(AGE), the rhizosphere soil of P. impudicus planting after G. elata cultivation(PI). In order to explore the mechanism, the research study on the soil of G. elata-P. impudicus by using ITS and 16 S rDNA high-throughput sequencing technologies to detect soil microbial community structure including fungi and bacteria in the soil of CK, AGE, GE and PI. OTU clustering and PCA analysis of soil samples showed that the soil microbial diversity was relatively similar in AGE and GE. And the soil microbial in PI and CK clustered together. The results showed that AGE and GE had similar soil microbial diversity, as well as PI and CK. Compared with CK, the soil microbial diversity and abundance in AGE and GE were significantly increased. But the microbial diversity and abundance decreased in PI compared with AGE and GE. The annotation indicated that the abundance of Basidiomycota, Acidobacteria and Chloroflexi decreased, and that of Ascomycota, Zygomycota and Proteobacteria increased in AGE and GE compared with CK. In contrast to AGE and GE, PI was the opposite. The abundance of Basidiomycota, Acidobacteria and Chloroflexi increased in PI compared with AGE and GE. The abundance of microorganisms in the soil of PI and CK was similar. In addition, the co-culture of Armillaria and P. impudicus indicated that P. impudicus had obvious antagonistic effects on the growth of Armillaria. Therefore, it is speculated that the mechanism of G. elata-P. impudicus planting pattern related to the change of soil microbial. And we supposed that P. impudicus might inhibit the growth of Armillaria and change the soil microbial community structure and the abundance of soil microbial. And the soil microbial community structure was restored to a state close to that of uncultivated G. elata. Thus, the structure of soil microbial community planting G. elata could be restored by P. impudicus planting.

Clinical Manifestation of Severe Cases with COVID-19 / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

@#【Objective】To explore the clinical manifestation of COVID- 19 severe cases.【Methods】Clinical data of one severe case with COVID-19 including the clinical characteristic ，laboratory testing results，radiography，treatment，complication and outcome of the patient were retrospectively collected and analyzed.【Results】 The patient with COVID-19 was a 61-year old male，He suffered with underlying disease. His symptoms included fever，cough，myalgia， fatigue，and dyspnea. Laboratory testing results included normal WBC count，decreased lymphocyte cells，elevated LDH and hypoxemia. Radiography findings showed bilateral lung infiltration. His condition deteriorated after intensive treatment for one week. He was intubated and treated with mechanical ventilation because of complicating with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome（ARDS）.【Conclusion】COVID-19 is an emerging acute communicable disease，which lack specific and effective treatment. Most patients have a good prognosis but mortality in severe cases is high. More attention should be paid on the high risk of progression in COVID-19 cases.

Clinical Research Progress of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Treating High-normal Blood Pressure / 中国实验方剂学杂志

The incidence of high-normal blood pressure gradually increased. With the popularization of basic medical knowledge， the detection rate has increased. Without intervention， high-normal blood pressure is very likely converted into hypertension， and the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases will continue to rise. Studies have shown that the blood lipids for detection of people with high-normal blood pressure， cytokines and other laboratory indicators have been changed， causing certain damage to target organs. Normal-high blood pressure people and high-blood pressure people also need to be given attention. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） believes that high-normal blood pressure has intermingled deficiency and excess， which is closely correlated to the liver， spleen and kidney. The syndrome is constantly changing and developing in the course of disease， which is affected by physical fitness， environment， age and other factors. With respect to treatment， conventional western medicine for lowering blood pressure has not yet been incorporated into the guidelines， and exercise， diet， and health education still play a major role. Studies have shown that the intervention methods with TCM characteristics are applied in addition to the improvement of lifestyle， so as to intervene in people with high-normal blood pressure， such as TCM， acupuncture， herbal tea， Baduanjin， with a significant clinical effect. These therapies can effectively reduce blood pressure， improve symptoms， regulate physique， and protect target organ damage， with a good compliance. With the advantages in preventing the disease， TCM is of far-reaching significance to prevent disease in advance， and transform high-normal blood pressure into ideal blood pressure. Based on the study on the intervention of high-normal blood pressure with TCM therapy， it was found that the sample size was small and the preciseness needed to be improved. Further research is needed due to the complicated mechanism of TCM and acupuncture. There is a lack of insufficient evidence to support the long-term efficacy and safety of TCM therapy because of the limitations in clinical study intervention and follow-up time. This article reviews the clinical research of the effect of TCM on high-normal blood pressure， in order to provide guidance and reference for clinical and subsequent research.

Analysis on Application of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Related Health Food / 中国实验方剂学杂志

With the improvement of living standard and enhancement of health consciousness, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, as a common medicinal material that can be widely used in health food, is focused an increasing number of scholars′ attention at home and abroad. Based on Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma health food published by the food website of National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), this paper combs and analyzes their dosage forms, functional components, health-care functions and prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Meanwhile, the Apriori algorithm module in SPSS Modeler 15.0 is used to explore the formulation rules of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma health food. The results showed that capsules was the most common (about 55.34%), and the infusions and beverages were rare. In the aspect of health-care function, it is mainly used to auxiliary hypolipidemic, auxiliary protective function to chemical liver injury, enhance immunity and dispel chloasma. Among 92 cases of the health food with auxiliary hypolipidemic, the common combination of TCM was Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Gynostemmatis Pentaphylli Herba-Puerariae Lobatae Radix. Among 55 cases of the health food with auxiliary protective function to chemical liver injury, the common combination of TCM was Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Puerariae Lobatae Radix-Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus. Among 54 cases of the health food with immune-enhancing, the common combination of TCM was Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Astragali Radix-Lycii Fructus. Among 46 cases of the health food with dispelling chloasma, the common combination of TCM was Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Angelicae Sinensis Radix-grape seeds. The selection of prescription compatibility of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma health food with different health-care functions is basically consistent with the TCM treatment with syndrome differentiation theory and modern medical theory. This article interprets the application of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma health food from the perspective of dosage forms, functional components, health-care functions and compatibility of prescriptions, which can provide a basis and reference for precise and efficient research and development of this kind of health food.

Effect of Gastrodia elata Planting on Soil Microbial Community Structure / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To analyze the changes of soil microbial community structure before and after planting Gastrodia elata in different producing areas，and to investigate the response of soil microorganisms to the planting of G. elata. Method:ITS and 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing technologies were used to detect fungal and bacterial community compositions in the soil，including the soil without planting G. elata（CK1，CK2），the soil around G. elata（GE1，GE2）before harvesting, and the soil around the rhizomorph of Armillaria（AGE1，AGE2） in Dafang, Guizhou and Jinzhai, Anhui respectively. Result:Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the soil microorganisms changed significantly after G. elata planting as compared with the control soil. The sequencing results showed that the planting of G. elata increased the OTUs number of fungi and bacteria. As compared with the control soil，the diversity and abundance of fungal and bacterial communities showed an increase trend after the cultivation of G. elata in soil of Dafang, Guizhou， such changes of fungal communities were not significant, but the abundance of soil bacteria communities increased in Jinzhai, Anhui as compared with the control soil. The abundance of genera Ilyonectria and Nitrospira increased，while genera Russula decreased significantly both in the soil of Guizhou and Anhui. Furthermore，the abundance of Fusarium and Mortierella increased significantly in the soil of Dafang, Guizhou. Conclusion:The soil microorganisms were out of balance after planting of G. elata, and the abundance of pathogenic microorganisms such as Ilyonectria and Fusarium increased，which may be related to the plant diseases and insect pests of G. elata.

Mechanisms of rapamycin on regulating rat mesangial cell proliferation and cell cycle through mTORC1/p70S6K pathways / 药学学报

To explore the affect and mechanisms of rapamycin on mesangial cell proliferation and cell cycle, rat mesangial cells (HBZY-1) were cultured and divided into the six groups: normal; normal with platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) 20 ng·mL-1; PDGF + rapamycin 1, 10, 100, 1 000 nmol·L-1. The cell proliferation was measured by MTT in 24 and 48 h; flow cytometry was used to detect the cell cycle phase. Western blot was performed to determine cyclin D1,cyclin E, cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), p27, p70S6K/p-p70S6K protein expression. The p27 mRNA was detect by Real-time PCR. The results showed that rapamycin significantly suppressed PDGF induced glomerular mesangial cells (MCs) proliferation in a dose and time-dependent manner, but with the dose increased (1 to 1 000 nmol·L-1), the time dependence gradually weakened. Rapamycin inhibited mesangial cell proliferation and arrested the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase. PDGF at 20 ng·mL-1 significantly increased the expression of cyclin D1, cyclin E and CDK2, CDK4 (P < 0.05), but rapamycin did not affect the expression of cyclin D1, cyclin E and CDK2, CDK4. Rapamycin can significantly inhibited p70S6K phosphorylation, up-regulated the expression of p27 protein and mRNA. Collectively, rapamycin has the effect of inhibiting the glomerular mesangial cells proliferation of mesangial cells by regulating the transcription of p27 mRNA, increasing its protein expression through the mTORC1/p70S6K pathway, resulting in decreased activity of cyclin-CDK, and blocking cell cycle in G0/G1 phase.

Discussion on feasibility of inter cropping of Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex and medicinal plant based on guiding theory of ecological agriculture / 中国中药杂志

Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex is perennial deciduous arbors, herbaceous medicinal plants are perennial. It is a rational disposition of Chinese materia medica planting colonies by inter cropping of Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex and herbaceous medicinal plants, based on their different plant height. According to the different demand of sunlight in density and periodicity, the heliophilous and shade-requiring plants, perennial arbors and herbaceous, short and long-term growth plants were intercropping in this kind of the ecological planting pattern. It can efficiently enhance the ecological, economic and social benefits by making full use of nutrients and land sources, as well as increasing the biodiversity in Chinese materia medica planting areas.

Research progress on functional soft candy of traditional Chinese medicine / 中国中药杂志

Functional soft candy of traditional Chinese medicine( TCM) can be used to supplement vitamins,enhance immunity,assist in lowering blood sugar,assist in lowering blood lipid,assist in lowering blood pressure,relax the bowel,reduce weight and fight againstoxidation.It has attracted much attention due to its effective improvement in the bad taste and incompatibility of traditional medicines.TCM functional soft candy and health food made by gel,sweetener and Chinese herbal medicines( which can be used both as food and medicine) approved by the State Food and Drug Administration were selected as the research objects in this paper.We combed and analyzed the research situation of health food dosage forms and effects,the functional factors of TCM functional soft candy,gelatin,sweetener,production process,and quality evaluation,etc.,and then,we discussed their existing problems and development prospects.After reviewing the relevant literature on TCM functional soft candy and health food researches published in recent years,we analyzed and summarized their dosage forms,health effects,gels,sweeteners,production process,quality evaluation and safety.The following problems in the research of TCM functional soft candy were pointed out: for examples,differences in the sensory evaluation of soft candy;whether the combination of several similar gels and sweeteners had an effect on human health; the lack of laws and regulations in health foods and the lack of uniform standards for quality evaluation.In summary,TCM functional soft candy is a new type of health food,which changes the dosage form of health food based on capsules and tablets.This move conforms to the physiological and psychological needs of consumers.Therefore,it is in line with the requirement of " Health China 2030" Planning Outline.

Clinical study on mild moxibustion for knee osteoarthritis / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of mild moxibustion for knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and to explore the role of mild moxibustion in relieving pain,reducing stiffness and improving joint dysfunction in patients with KOA.Methods:Eighty patients with KOA were randomly allocated into either a moxibustion group or a medication group by the random number table,with 40 cases in each group.The moxibustion group used mild moxibustion at Neixiyan (EX-LE 5),Dubi (ST 35),Xuehai (SP 10) and Liangqiu (ST 34),30 min each time,3 times a week;the medication group was given celecoxib capsule (celebrex),0.2 g each time,once a day.Both groups were treated for 4 weeks.The visual analog scale (VAS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index (WOMAC)scores were evaluated before and after treatment.The efficacy of the two groups was compared after treatment.Results:After treatment,the overall efficacy of the moxibustion group was significantly different from that of the medication group (P＜0.05).The VAS and WOMAC scores of the two groups were lower than those before treatment (both P＜0.01).The changes in the VAS and WOMAC scores after treatment in the moxibustion group were significantly different from those in the medication group (both P＜0.05).After treatment,in single item of WOMAC,the changes in pain and joint dysfunction in the moxibustion group were more statistically significant than those in the medication group (both P＜0.05).Conclusion:Mild moxibustion and oral celebrex can reduce the VAS and WOMAC scores of patients with KOA.Mild moxibustion is superior to oral celebrex in relieving pain and improving joint function.

Therapeutic effect of trimetazidine hydrochloride on aged patients with acute cardiomyopathy in acute phase and its influence on serum cytokine levels and cardiac function / 心血管康复医学杂志

Objective :To explore therapeutic effect of trimetazidine hydrochloride on aged patients with acute ische-mic cardiomyopathy in acute phase and its influence on serum cytokine levels and cardiac function .Methods : A total of 90 aged patients with acute cardiomyopathy ,who were treated in our hospital from Dec 2014 to Dec 2016 ,were selected .Patients were randomly and equally divided into routine treatment group and trimetazidine group (received trimetazidine based on routine treatment ) ,both groups were treated for 12 weeks .Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ,left ventricular end-systolic dimension (LVESd) ,left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDd) ,ser-um levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL )-6 before and after treatment ,and therapeutic effect were measured and compared between two groups .Results : Total effective rate of trimetazidine group was significantly higher than that of routine treatment group (97-78% vs .77-77%) , P＝0-004- Compared with before treatment ,there were significant reductions in serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in two groups ;significant rise in LVEF ,and significant reductions in LVEDd and LVESd in trimetazidine group after treatment , P＜ 0-05 or ＜0-01- Compared with routine treatment group after treatment , there was significant rise in LVEF [ (60-89 ± 5-22)% vs.(65-01 ± 6-01 )%] , and significant reductions in LVESd [ (34-02 ± 5-00 ) mm vs .(30-27 ± 4-80 ) mm] ,LVEDd [ (51-22 ± 7-02) mm vs.(46-21 ± 5-44) mm] ,serum levels of TNF-α [ (282-97 ± 59-44) pg／ml vs. (248-89 ± 45-33) pg／ml] and IL-6 [ (721-02 ± 165-00 ) pg／ml vs.(630-89 ± 102-80 ) pg／ml] in trimetazidine group ,P＜0-01 all.Conclusion : Trimetazidine hydrochloride possesses certain anti-inflammation effect ,can signifi-cantly improve cardiac function and therapeutic effect in aged patients with acute cardiomyopathy ,which is worth extending .

Effects of baijiezi powder and its disassembled formula on the ig-e, il-4, ifn-γ and tnf-α in allergic asthmatic rats / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of baijiezi powder and its disassembled formula on the immunoglobulin (Ig)-E, interleukin (IL)-4, interferon (IFN)-γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in local skin of applied drugs and lung tissues of rats with allergic asthma. METHODS： Eighty rats were randomly divided into normal control group, model control group, positive control group, baijiezi powder acupoint group, baijiezi powder non-acupoint group, Semen Sinapis Albae acupoint group, Corydalis Rhizoma acupoint group, Radix Kansui acupoint group, asarum acupoint group and Ginger acupoint group, 8 in each group. In addition to the blank control group, the other nine groups were sensitized by ovalbumin (OVA) to establish a model of allergic asthma. The morphological changes of lung tissue were observed by HE staining. The contents of the Ig-E, IL-4, IFN-γ and TNF-α in local skin of application and serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS： The infiltration degree of inflammatory cells was obviously reduced and the alveolar structure was basically normal in baijiezi powder acupoint group, which was similar to the normal control group. The levels of the Ig-E, IL-4, IFN-γ and TNF-α in serum can be recalled in each treatment acupoint group. Especially, baijiezi powder acupoint group, Semen Sinapis Albae acupoint group and asarum acupoint group were the best (P < 0.01). The level of Ig-E in the local skin for the drug application of baijiezi powder acupoint group, Semen Sinapis Albae acupoint group and asarum acupoint group was lower than the normal value. CONCLUSION： Baijiezi powder can effectively treat allergic asthma, can signifcantly enhance the IFN-γ and weaken the expression of Ig-E, IL-4 and TNF-α in the local skin of the application and serum. Meanwhile, the correction intensity of each index value in local skin of applied drugs of baijiezi powder was higher than that of serum. Among all the disassembled herbs, Semen Sinapis Albae and asarum have a strong effect on Ig-E, TNF-α and IFN-γ, while Corydalis Rhizoma mainly has an effect on IL-4.

Research progress on alkaloid monomer analgesic preparations / 中国中药杂志

Pain is one of the problems that seriously affect people's quality of life for thousands of years. The causes of pain are complex and varied,and long-term pain can also lead to depression. It has become a research hotspot to develop analgesic preparations with significant drug effects and small side effects. Recent studies have shown that certain alkaloid monomers have analgesic targets such as γ-aminobutyric acid,cannabinoids,and capsaicin. If their preparation is applied to the analgesic field,they can make up for the defects such as strong addiction and side effects of traditional opioid and non-steroidal analgesic drugs,but there is no relevant literature to summarize the research results in this field. This article first introduces the mechanism of pain production and the target of analgesia. Based on this,the application status of alkaloid monomer analgesic preparations approved by China Food and Drug Administration( CFDA)( number varieties,type of dosage form,drug description,analgesic mechanism and advantages) was analyzed,and the research dynamics of alkaloid monomer analgesic preparations( new formulation and new technology) were reviewed. Finally,some problems in this field were pointed out,such as imperfect medication information,inadequate transformation of research results,and too few kinds of analgesic components in developed alkaloids. The development direction was also pointed out for the above problems,with a view to provide reference for further development and in-depth research.

Optimization of Formulation of Erhuangsan Bletillae Rhizoma Gelatin Sustained Release Double-layer Membrane by Central Composite Design-response Surface Methodology / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: With Bletillae Rhizoma gelatin as the main film-forming materials, Erhuangsan was developed into a sustained-release double-layer membrane for vagina. Method: Taking hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose(HPMC) and Bletillae Rhizoma gelatin as the film-forming materials of Coptidis Rhizoma-Alumen membrane layer, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC-Na) and Bletillae Rhizoma gelatin as the film-forming materials of Catechu membrane layer, glycerol as plasticizer, Erhuangsan Bletillae Rhizoma gelatin sustained release double-layer membrane was prepared.Central composite design-response surface methodology was used to optimize formulation of this preparation with appearance quality score, adhesion force and in vitro cumulative release as indexes. Result: Optimum formulation of Catechu membrane layer was 1.61% of CMC-Na, 3.81% of Bletillae Rhizoma gelatin and 8.49% of glycerol;optimum formulation of Coptidis Rhizoma-Alumen membrane layer was 1.15% of HPMC, 3.41% of Bletillae Rhizoma gelatin and 10.02% of glycerol. Conclusion: The optimized formulation is stable and feasible.Erhuangsan Bletillae Rhizoma gelatin sustained release double-layer membrane has characteristics of advanced dosage form and convenient use, providing a feasible modern Chinese medicine preparation for treatment of cervical cancer, and accumulating data for the research of Chinese medicine film agent.