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AIM: To compare the clinical efficacy of the Balanced energy system versus the conventional torsional ultrasound system in phacoemulsification surgeries for cataracts with varying nuclear hardness.METHODS: In this study, 120 patients(122 eyes)with age-related cataracts scheduled for surgery between November 2021 and November 2022 at our hospital were randomly divided into two groups: 58 patients(59 eyes)in the experimental group underwent surgery using the Balanced energy system, while 62 patients(63 eyes)in the control group were treated with the conventional torsional ultrasound system. Intraoperative cumulative dissipated energy(CDE), case time(CT), aspiration time(AST), and estimated fluid used(EFU)were recorded. Patients were followed-up for 3mo to examine and record the best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA)and corneal endothelial cell density(ECD), and to calculate the rate of endothelial cell loss.RESULTS: Comparing the intraoperative parameters between the two groups, there was no significant difference in CT(P>0.05), but the CDE, AST and EFU of the patients in the experimental group were lower than those of the control group(P<0.05), and the CDE of patients with grade III nuclear hardness in the experimental group was lower than the control group(P<0.05), CDE, AST and EFU in patients with grade IV nuclear hardness were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05). After 3mo of follow-up, BCVA in both groups improved significantly, and the experimental group recovered faster than the control group. At 3mo after surgery, the ECD of the two groups of patients was reduced compared with that before surgery(P<0.01), but there were no significant differences in ECD and endothelial cell loss rates between the experimental and control groups before and at 3mo after surgery(P>0.05). In grade IV nuclear hardness cataracts, the rate of endothelial cell loss in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group(4.63%±4.10% vs. 6.63%±4.49%, P<0.01).CONCLUSION: The Balanced energy system and the conventional torsional ultrasound system both show high safety and efficiency in phacoemulsification of cataracts with different nuclear hardness. However, the former demonstrates substantial advantages in cases with dense nuclei, offering lower ultrasound energy, shorter aspiration and infusion times, and reduced volume of infusion fluid.
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Objective The navigation system of robot-assisted knee arthroplasty uses a laser scanner to acquire intraoperative cartilage point clouds and align them with the preoperative model for automatic non-contact space registration. The intraoperative patient knee lesion point cloud contains a large number of irrelevant background point clouds of muscles, tendons, ligaments and surgical instruments. Manual removal of irrelevant point clouds takes up surgery time due to human-computer interaction, so in this study we proposed a novel method for automatic extraction of point clouds from the knee cartilage surface for fast and accurate intraoperative registration. Methods Due to the lack of adequate description of cartilage surface and geometric local information, PointNet cannot extract cartilage point clouds with high precision. In this paper, a fast point feature histogram(FPFH)-PointNet method combined with fast point feature histogram was proposed, which effectively described the appearance of cartilage point cloud and achieved the automatic and efficient segmentation of cartilage point cloud. Results The point clouds of distal femoral cartilage of 10 cadaveric knee specimens and 1 human leg model were scanned from different directions as data sets. The accuracy of cartilage point cloud segmentation by PointNet and FPFH-PointNet were 0.94 ±0.003 and 0.98 ±0, and mean intersection over union(mIOU) were 0.83 ±0.015 and 0.93 ±0.005, respectively. Compared with PointNet, FPFH-PointNet improved accuracy and mIOU by 4% and 10% respectively, while the elapsed time was only about 1.37 s. Conclusion FPFH-PointNet can accurately and automatically extract the knee cartilage point cloud, which meets the performance requirement for intraoperative navigation.
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OBJECTIVE: To explore the bacteriostasis and plasmid elimination activities of different extracted parts of traditional Chinese medicine Radix Scutellariae Baicalensis on NDM-1 Acinetobacter calcoaceticus. METHODS: Thein vitro antibacterial effect of the extracts from Radix Scutellariae Baicalensis was studied. Inhibition zone and minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) of the alcohol extract and water decoction were examined by using MH agar plates and microdilution susceptibility testing. The growth curve of the NDM-1 Acinetobacter calcoaceticus was tested after being incubated with alcohol extract and water decoction at sub-MIC. At three time points after incubation with different extracts at sub-MIC, photocopy dish method was used to screen plasmid-cured strains of NDM-1 Acinetobacter calcoaceticus. The plasmid-elimination rates and phenotypic changes were compared. RESULTS: Both the alcohol extract and water decoction of Radix Scutellariae Baicalensis inhibited the growth of NDM-1 Acinetobacter calcoaceticus. The MICs were 1.56 mg·mL-1 for the alcohol extract and 6.25 mg·mL-1 for the water decoction. The growth curve showed that the antibacterial effect of the alcohol extract was more obvious. Both the alcohol extract and water decoction of Radix Scutellariae Baicalensis had some degrees of plasmid elimination effect. The plasmid-elimination rates in the alcohol extract group were higher than those in the water decoction group. The plasmid-elimination rates were 61.27% for the alcohol extract and 49.78% for the water decoction, respectively. CONCLUSION: Radix Scutellariae Baicalensis can inhibit the growth of NDM-1Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and eliminate the drug-resistant plasmid effectively and has the potential to be used to control the spread of pan-drug resistant Acinetobacter strains or be an adjuvant treatment method for clinical infections. Its alcohol extract has better effect.