Effect of Ganmai Dazao Decoction on ethology of rats with PTSD and its mechanism / 中国中药杂志

This study aimed to explore the effect of Ganmai Dazao Decoction on the ethology of rats with posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD) and study the related mechanism through the changes in magnetic resonance imaging and protein expression. Sixty rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, namely the normal group, the model group, the low(1 g·kg~(-1)), medium(2 g·kg~(-1)), and high-dose Ganmai Dazao Decoction groups(4 g·kg~(-1)), and the positive control group(intragastric administration with 10.8 mg·kg~(-1) of fluoxetine), with 10 rats in each group. Two weeks after inducing PTSD by single-prolonged stress(SPS) in rats, the positive control group was given fluoxetine hydrochloride capsule by gavage, the low, medium, and high-dose groups were given Ganmai Dazao Decoction by gavage, and both the normal group and the model group were given the same volume of normal saline by gavage, each for 7 days. The open field experiment, elevated cross elevated maze, forced swimming experiment, and new object recognition test were carried out for the behavioral test. Three rats in each group were selected to detect the expression of neuropeptide receptor Y1(NPY1R) protein in the hippocampus by Western blot. Then, the other three rats in each group were selected to use the 9.4T magnetic resonance imaging experiment to observe the overall structural changes in the brain region and the anisotropy fraction of the hippocampus. The results of the open field experiment showed that the total distance and central distance of rats in the model group were significantly lower than those in the normal group, and the total distance and central distance of rats in the middle and high-dose Ganmai Dazao Decoction groups were higher than those in the model group. The results of the elevated cross maze test showed that medium and high-dose Ganmai Dazao Decoction remarkably increased the number of open arm entries and the residence time of open arm of rats with PTSD. The results of the forced swimming experiment showed that the immobility time in the water of the model group rats was significantly higher than that of the normal group, and Ganmai Dazao Decoction hugely reduced the immobility time in the water of rats with PTSD. The results of the new object recognition test showed that Ganmai Dazao Decoction significantly increased the exploration time of new objects and familiar objects in rats with PTSD. The results of Western blot showed that Ganmai Dazao Decoction significantly reduced the expression of NYP1R protein in the hippocampus of rats with PTSD. The 9.4T magnetic resonance examination found that there was no significant difference in the structural image among the groups. In the functional image, the fractional anisotropy(FA value) of the hippocampus in the model group was significantly lower than that in the normal group. The FA value of the hippocampus in the middle and high-dose Ganmai Dazao Decoction groups was higher than that in the model group. Ganmai Dazao Decoction reduces the injury of hippocampal neurons by inhibiting the expression of NYP1R in the hippocampus of rats with PTSD, thereby improving the nerve function injury of rats with PTSD and playing a neuroprotective role.

Association between serum bisphenol-A and recurrent spontaneous abortion:a 1 ∶ 2 case-control study, China / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective This study was to investigate the association between serum Bisphenol-A (BPA) and unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA).Methods A hospitalbased 1 ∶ 2 matched case-control study was conducted.Sixty-two patients with unexplained recurrent abortion were included and matched with 2 normal controls by factors as age ( ± 2 years),living in the same district and the same gestational age.The levels of BPA in serum for 62 cases and 108 controls were detected under high performance liquid chromatography after fluorescent derivatization.Levels of serum BPA in each case was compared with that in control of age,BMI,education levels,occupation,exposure for passive smoking.Results The values of serum BPA in cases and controls were ( 0.009 ± 0.002 ) and (0.004 ± 0.012) μg/ml,respectively.The levels of serum BPA in cases was significantly higher than in controls (Z=3.506,P=0.0005).After adjusted by age,BMI,education levels,occupation,passive smoking history and other factors,when compared to BPA below 0.004 μg/ml.The adjusted ORs were 4.39 (1.15-16.71)for BPA levels between 0.004 μg/ml and 0.012 μg/ml,and 4.95 (1.77-13.82) for BPA over 0.012 μg/ml.The risk of unexplained recurrentspontaneous abortion increased progressively with the growth of serum BPA levels (x2 =9.179,trend test P=0.0024).There were significant differences on BPA among controls that with histories of two,three or more abortions (the levels were 0.004,0.008,0.018 μ g/ml,respectively,F=8.92,P=0.0002).Conclusion High BPA level might be associated with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion.

Association between gestational weight gain and birth weight (2001-2009) :a cohort study carried outin Kunshan city, Jiangsu province, China / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To identify the association between gestational weight gain and birth weight over the past 9 years in Kunshan city,Jiangsu province,China.Methods This population-based study was conducted between 2001 to 2009.Data were retrieved from Perinatal Monitoring System of Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Kunshan.The study population consisted of 33 631 women and singleton live fetus.Gestational weight gain was defined as the total weight gain during the last and first prenatal care program and divided by the interval weeks.Results From 2001 to 2009,the average incidence of low birth weight was 1.86％,while the average incidence of macrosomia was a bit higher,fluctuating around 8.47％.On those underweight mothers,after adjustment for potential confounders,and stratified by the BMI levels,which were evaluated at the first prenatal care program,we found that weight gain in the 3rd and 4th intervals,could reduce the risk of low birth weight (less than 2500 g).With those mothers with normal-weight,weight gain in the 2 rid,3 rd and 4th intervals,would reduce the risk of low birth weight.Risks in the 4th quantile among underweight and normal-weight group were prevalence odds radio (POR) 95％CI:0.51 (0.32-0.80) and 0.58 (0.42-0.79),respectively.The risks showed a significant downward trend in underweight and normal- weight groups with increased gestational weight gain.As for macrosomia (≥4000 g),the risks increased (POR 95％CI) 4.69(2.82-7.81 ) in underweight,4.15 (3.43-5.03) in normal-weight,in overweight,3.64 (2.62-5.06) and 1.96 (1.48-2.60) in obese mothers with increased levels of gestational weight gain.Trend tests indicated that the risks of marcosomia increased in all levels of BMI,with the increase of gestational weight gain.Conclusion Findings from this population-based study suggested that gestational weight gain could reduce the risks of low birth weight among underweight and normal-weight groups,while increase the risks of macrosomia in all parturients,as compared with lowest levels of gestational weight gain.

Effect of matrine and oxymatrine on proliferation and expression of Stat3 and Stat5 in SMMC-7721 cell line / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of matrine and oxymatrine on proliferation and the expression of Stat3, Stat5 mRNA in SMMC-7721 cell line.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Treated with matrine and oxymatrine, the inhibitory effect on SMMC-7721 cell proliferation was detected by MTT, double fluorescence labeling was applied to measure the apotosis ratios of SMMC-7721cells, the expression of Stat3 and Stat5 mRNA in SMMC-7721 cell line were assessed with RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Matrine and oxymatrine could inhibit the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cells and it was time and dose dependent, the expression of Stat3 and Stat5 mRNA in SMMC-7721 cell with matrine and oxymatrine were significantly lower than those in control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with the same dose of matrine and oxymatrine, matrine showed stronger effect on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and Stat3 and Stat5 mRNA (P<0.05 or P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Matrine and oxymatrine inhibited the proliferation and induced the of SMMC-7721 cells significantly, the mechanism of which might be related to the down-regulation of stat3 and stat5 mRNA and inhibition of the signaling transduction pathway.</p>