Study on the Mechanism of Hepatotoxicity Induced by Rhubarb Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

Objective The potential mechanism of hepatotoxicity induced by rhubarb was preliminarily explored by network pharmacology and verified by cell experiments.Methods Based on network pharmacology,component collection and target prediction are carried out through multiple databases.PPI network construction,GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analysis were combined with software to systematically predict the mechanism of hepatotoxicity induced by rhubarb.The pathway information predicted by network pharmacology was verified by primary hepatocyte experiments and Western blot experiments.Results The results of network pharmacology showed that RH was the main component of hepatotoxicity induced by rhubarb.Seventeen core targets of hepatotoxicity induced by rhubarb were obtained.KEGG results suggested that DNA damage and apoptosis were one of the key mechanisms of hepatotoxicity induced by rhubarb.The results of primary hepatocytes and Western blot showed that RH could inhibit the viability of primary hepatocytes in a time-dose dependent manner.ABT and SFP can significantly reduce the toxicity of RH on primary liver cells in mice,and RFP can increase the toxicity of RH to mouse primary liver cells.Upregulation of γ-H2AX and PARP-1 protein in primary liver cells of mice after treatment with different concentrations of RH.Conclusion RH in rhubarb can significantly inhibit the viability of mouse primary hepatocytes,and its toxicity to mouse primary hepatocytes is mainly caused by the metabolic activation of RH by CYP 2C9.RH can activate PARP-1 protein,phosphorylate H2AX,induce DNA damage and apoptosis in mouse primary hepatocytes.

Comparison between Onyx and coil embolization for persistent type 2 endoleaks after endovascular aneurysm repair

Purpose@#Type 2 endoleaks (T2EL) are the most common form of endoleaks after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR).Several studies on the feasibility of embolization using ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (Onyx, Medtronic) for T2EL have been reported. The purpose of this study was to compare coil and Onyx embolization for T2EL treatment after EVAR. @*Methods@#Between August 2005 and July 2022, 46 patients underwent endovascular embolization for treatment of T2EL (15 Onyx and 31 coils). The primary endpoint was endoleaks resolution or significant aneurysm sac growth of >5 mm in maximal diameter after T2EL embolization. In addition, periprocedural factors, reintervention, sac rupture, and survival analysis were assessed. @*Results@#The follow-up period after embolization was significantly shorter in the Onyx group (11.6 months vs. 34.7 months, P = 0.016), and there was no difference in aneurysm sac growth rate between both groups (20.0% vs. 51.6%; P = 0.472, logrank test). However, cases with multiple endoleak origins tended to be treated with Onyx (P = 0.002). When applying Onyx, there was no significant difference in results between the transarterial and translumbar approaches. @*Conclusion@#There appears to be no significant difference in the results of Onyx and coil embolization for T2EL treatment, although it is difficult to evaluate effectiveness due to the small number of cases and short follow-up period. However, in cases of multiple origin endoleaks or when the transarterial approach is not feasible, the Onyx by translumbar approach may be a more effective method.

Outcomes of carotid endarterectomy in octogenarians compared to their younger counterparts: a retrospective observational study

Purpose@#This study was performed to analyze the association between age and outcomes of carotid endarterectomy (CEA) by comparing postoperative outcomes between octogenarians and younger patients. @*Methods@#From November 1994 to December 2022, 1,585 internal carotid arteries of 1,434 patients were enrolled. Patients were stratified into 2 groups: octogenarians (≥80 years old) and non-octogenarians (<80 years old). Primary endpoints were early (≤30 days) outcomes of ipsilateral stroke, any stroke, myocardial infarction, death, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). We also compared overall any stroke and death between the 2 groups. @*Results@#One of 132 octogenarians (0.8%) and 17 of 1,453 non-octogenarians (1.1%) experienced ipsilateral stroke within 30 days. Thirty-day MACE occurred in 4 of 132 octogenarians (3%) and 44 of 1,453 non-octogenarians (3%). There were no significant differences in any early (≤30 days) outcomes. Symptomatic status was associated with increased 30-day MACE (odds ratio [OR], 2.610; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.450–4.696; P = 0.003) and 30-day any stroke (OR, 3.999; 95% CI, 1.627–9.828; P = 0.003). Symptomatic status was also associated with overall any stroke (hazard ratio [HR], 2.885; 95% CI, 1.865–4.463; P < 0.001), but age of ≥80 years was not associated with 30-day MACE, 30-day any stroke, or overall stroke. Age of ≥80 years was only associated with overall survival (HR, 2.644; 95% CI, 1.967–3.555; P < 0.001). @*Conclusion@#CEA would be a safe and effective treatment for octogenarians with low 30-day complications and long-term stroke rates, comparable with that of younger counterparts. Advanced age is not a contraindication for CEA.

Effect of anterior capsule polishing on the visual quality after cataract surgery / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To evaluate the effect of anterior capsule polishing on visual quality after phacoemulsification.METHODS: Prospective randomized control study. A total of 65 patients(73 eyes)with age-related cataract who underwent phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens(IOL)implantation in the Emergency General Hospital between November 2021 and June 2022 were included. These patients were randomly assigned to two groups, with one group(anterior polishing group)underwent anterior and posterior capsule polishing(30 cases, 35 eyes), while the other(control group)receive routine posterior capsule polishing(35 cases, 38 eyes). Best corrected visual acuity was observed at 1wk, 1, 3 and 6mo after operation. Area of anterior capsule orifice was measured at 3 and 6mo after operation. Meanwhile, posterior capsular opacification(P score), IOL tilt and decentration were recorded by Pentacam Scheimpflug system. In addition, wavefront aberration, Strehl ratio(SR)of point spread function(PSF)and modulation transfer function(MTF)were evaluated by OPD-Scan Ⅲ.RESULTS: At 1wk, 1, 3 and 6mo after operation, best corrected visual acuity in anterior polishing group is significantly better than that of control group(P&#x003C;0.05). There were no significant differences in area of anterior capsule opening, P score, IOL decentration, SR of PSF and MTF between two groups at 3 and 6mo after operation(P&#x003E;0.05). At 3mo follow-up, no significant differences in IOL tilt and wavefront aberration were measured between two groups either(P&#x003E;0.05). However, IOL tilt [(1.65±0.60)° vs.(2.34±0.43)°, P&#x003C;0.001] and wavefront aberration(0.03±0.01μm vs. 0.06±0.03μm, P&#x003C;0.001)in anterior polishing group were significant lower compared to control group at 6mo after operation.CONCLUSION: 360° polishing of anterior and posterior capsule during phacoemulsification can improve best corrected visual quality, with reduced IOL tilt, lower wavefront aberration and better visual quality.

Estrogen upregulates DNA2 expression through the PI3K-AKT pathway in endometrial carcinoma / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological malignancy, affecting up to 3% of women at some point during their lifetime (Morice et al., 2016; Li and Wang, 2021). Based on the pathogenesis and biological behavioral characteristics, endometrial cancer can be divided into estrogen-dependent (I) and non-estrogen-dependent (II) types (Ulrich, 2011). Type I accounts for approximately 80% of cases, of which the majority are endometrioid carcinomas, and the remaining are mucinous adenocarcinomas (Setiawan et al., 2013). It is generally recognized that long-term stimulation by high estrogen levels with the lack of progesterone antagonism is the most important risk factor; meanwhile, there is no definite conclusion on the specific pathogenesis. The incidence of endometrial cancer has been on the rise during the past two decades (Constantine et al., 2019; Gao et al., 2022; Luo et al., 2022). Moreover, the development of assisted reproductive technology and antiprogestin therapy following breast cancer surgery has elevated the risk of developing type I endometrial cancer to a certain extent (Vassard et al., 2019). Therefore, investigating the influence of estrogen in type I endometrial cancer may provide novel concepts for risk assessment and adjuvant therapy, and at the same time, provide a basis for research on new drugs to treat endometrial cancer.

Mental health, health-related quality of life, and lung function after hospital discharge in healthcare workers with severe COVID-19: a cohort study from China / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. It is highly contagious and can cause death in severe cases. As reported by the World Health Organization (WHO), as of 6:36 pm Central European Summer Time (CEST), 12 August 2022, there had been 585 950 285 confirmed cases of COVID-19, including 6 425 422 deaths (WHO, 2022).

The Memory Orchestra: Contribution of Astrocytes / 神经科学通报·英文版

For decades, memory research has centered on the role of neurons, which do not function in isolation. However, astrocytes play important roles in regulating neuronal recruitment and function at the local and network levels, forming the basis for information processing as well as memory formation and storage. In this review, we discuss the role of astrocytes in memory functions and their cellular underpinnings at multiple time points. We summarize important breakthroughs and controversies in the field as well as potential avenues to further illuminate the role of astrocytes in memory processes.

Content determination of seven active components of Eucommiae Cortex in aortic vascular endothelial cells of spontaneously hypertensive rats by UPLC-MS/MS / 中国中药杂志

In the present study, the contents of seven active components [genipinic acid(GA), protocatechuic acid(PCA), neochlorogenic acid(NCA), chlorogenic acid(CA), cryptochlorogenic acid(CCA),(+)-pinoresinol di-O-β-D-glucopyranosid(PDG), and(+)-pinoresinol 4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(PG)] of Eucommiae Cortex in aortic vascular endothelial cells of spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR) were simultaneously determined by ultra-high liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS). The qualified SHR models were selected. The primary aortic endothelial cells(VECs) of rats were separated and cultured by ligation and adherence, followed by subculture. After successful identification, an UPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneously determining the contents of GA, PCA, NCA, CA, CCA, PDG, PG in seven components of Eucommiae Cortex in VECs was established, including specificity, linearity, matrix effect, recovery, accuracy, precision and stability. The established method had the lo-west limit of quantification of 0.97-4.95 μg·L~(-1), accuracy of 87.26%-109.6%, extraction recovery of 89.23%-105.3%, matrix effect of 85.86%-106.2%, and stability of 86.00%-112.5%. Therefore, the established accurate UPLC-MS/MS method could rapidly and simultaneously determine the contents of the seven active components of Eucommiae Cortex in VECs of SHRs, which provided a refe-rence for the study of cellular pharmacokinetics of active components of Eucommiae Cortex extract.

Clinical characteristics of fetal cardiac disease in patients with anti-SSA antibody positive / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical manifestations and laboratory indicators of anti-Sjögren's-syndrome-related antigen A (SSA) antibody associated fetal cardiac disease.@*METHODS@#Pregnant women hospitalized at Peking University People's Hospital from January 2013 to July 2023 were included. Eleven patients with anti-SSA antibody positive were eventually diagnosed with fetal cardiac di-sease. And patients with anti-SSA antibody positive without fetal cardiac disease were selected as controls. Clinical manifestations, laboratory indications and drug usage were compared between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#Among these 11 patients, congenital heart block was confirmed in seven, which was the most common manifestations of fetal cardiac malformation. The proportion of the patients diagnosed with autoimmune disease before pregnancy in fetal cardiac malformation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P=0.032), while most of the patients in the fetal cardiac malformation group received immune-related examinations for the first time because of this time's fetal cardiac diagnosis. While most of the patients in the control group received routine examinations because of autoimmune diseases diagnosed before pregnancy. During pregnancy, the white blood cell level [(9.29±2.58)×109/L vs. (7.10±1.90×109/L, t=3.052, P=0.004], erythrocyte sedimentation rate [(49.50 (48.00, 51.00) mm/h vs. 23.00 (15.00, 30.25) mm/h, Z=-2.251, P=0.024], IgA level [3.46 (2.30, 5.06) g/L vs. 2.13 (1.77, 2.77) g/L, Z=-2.181, P=0.029], and antinuclear antibody (ANA) titers [1∶320 (1∶160, 1∶320) vs. 1∶80 (1∶40, 1∶160), Z=-3.022, P=0.003] were significantly higher in fetal cardiac malformation group than in the control group. The proportion of positive anti-SSB antibody during pregnancy did not show a statistically significant difference between the two groups (37.5% vs. 7.7%, P=0.053). There was no significant difference in hydroxychloroquine dosage and initiation time between the two groups. The dosage of prednisone in the second and third trimesters was significantly higher in the cardiac malformation group than that in the control group, but there was no significant difference in the first trimester.@*CONCLUSION@#Fetal cardiac disease is rare in pregnant women with anti-SSA antibody. White blood cell, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, IgA, the titer of ANA positivity were higher in the fetal heart disease group during pregnancy. Since congenital heart block is difficult to reverse, its prevention and monitoring are more important than remedial treatment.

New anterior guidance induction through spontaneous gap closure after an increase in vertical dimension: a case report

The bite collapses due to posterior teeth loss or wear results in inadequate space for restoration and esthetic concerns. Increasing the occlusal vertical dimension to improve space deficiency rotates the mandible posteriorly, creating a gap between the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth, leading to loss of anterior guidance. To solve this problem, the prosthodontics or orthodontics treatments are the commonly used methods for proper anterior guidance. However, it is reasonable to assume that the anterior teeth can naturally relapse to their original position when the occlusal force is eliminated. Therefore, this case report aimed to test whether natural relapse could recover the lost anterior guidance to develop a less invasive and more convenient treatment method.Digital superimposition was used to evaluate the changes in anterior teeth alignment to confirm the change of the recovered anterior guidance. The appropriate indications for this new treatment method were defined and applied clinically.

Soccer sports injuries among campus teenagers / Lesões esportivas no futebol entre adolescentes do campus / Lesiones deportivas en el fútbol entre adolescentes del campus

ABSTRACT Introduction College soccer is a major priority for the Chinese sports department. Among the most relevant issues is the search for solutions to prevent sports injuries among young college soccer players in the development process. Objective Investigate the causes and characteristics of sports injuries among young college soccer players, aiming to develop scientific measures for prevention and control. Methods A total of 304 young people from primary and secondary schools in one city were selected as volunteers for the research, and the causes and characteristics of sports injuries among these players were analyzed using questionnaires, interviews with experts, and statistical-mathematical analysis. Results According to the characteristics of injury factors of soccer players at different learning stages, a good job should be done on preventing sports injuries of physiological, psychological, technological, training, and other aspects, to reduce the risk of sports injuries in young soccer players. Conclusion Fully understanding sports injury risk prevention, timely summarizing the experience and learnings, and doing a good job in sports injury prevention from the aspects of physiology, psychology, technology, training, and other aspects according to the characteristics of injury factors of soccer players at different school stages are desirable practices to reduce the risk of sports injury and improve the quality of school soccer training and competition for young college soccer players. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução O futebol universitário é uma grande prioridade do departamento de esportes chinês. Entre os temas mais relevantes está a busca de soluções visando evitar lesões esportivas entre os jovens jogadores de futebol universitário no processo de desenvolvimento. Objetivo Investigar as causas e características das lesões esportivas entre jovens jogadores de futebol universitário, visando o desenvolvimento de medidas científicas de prevenção e controle. Métodos Um total de 304 jovens de escolas primárias e secundárias de uma cidade foram selecionados como voluntários para a pesquisa, sendo as causas e características das lesões esportivas desses jogadores analisadas por meio de questionários, entrevistas com especialistas e análises estatístico-matemáticas. Resultados De acordo com as características dos fatores de lesão dos jogadores de futebol em diferentes estágios de aprendizagem, deve-se fazer um bom trabalho na prevenção de lesões esportivas dos aspectos fisiológicos, psicológicos, tecnológicos, de treinamento e outros aspectos, a fim de reduzir o risco de lesões esportivas dos jovens jogadores de futebol. Conclusão Compreender plenamente a prevenção de riscos de lesões esportivas, sumarizar em tempo hábil a experiência e as aprendizagens e fazer um bom trabalho na prevenção de lesões esportivas a partir dos aspectos de fisiologia, psicologia, tecnologia, treinamento e outros aspectos de acordo com as características dos fatores de lesão dos jogadores de futebol em diferentes estágios escolares, são práticas desejáveis para reduzir o risco de lesões esportivas e melhorar a qualidade do treinamento e da competição do futebol escolar para os jovens universitários. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción El fútbol universitario es una de las principales prioridades del departamento de deportes chino. Entre las cuestiones más relevantes se encuentra la búsqueda de soluciones destinadas a prevenir las lesiones deportivas entre los jóvenes futbolistas universitarios en proceso de desarrollo. Objetivo Investigar las causas y características de las lesiones deportivas entre los jóvenes futbolistas universitarios, con el fin de desarrollar medidas científicas de prevención y control. Métodos Se seleccionaron 304 jóvenes de primaria y secundaria de una ciudad como voluntarios para la investigación, y se analizaron las causas y características de las lesiones deportivas entre estos jugadores mediante cuestionarios, entrevistas con expertos y análisis estadístico-matemáticos. Resultados De acuerdo con las características de los factores de lesión de los futbolistas en las diferentes etapas de aprendizaje, debe realizarse un buen trabajo sobre la prevención de las lesiones deportivas de los aspectos fisiológicos, psicológicos, tecnológicos, de entrenamiento y otros, con el fin de reducir el riesgo de lesiones deportivas de los jóvenes futbolistas. Conclusión Comprender plenamente la prevención del riesgo de lesiones deportivas, resumir oportunamente la experiencia y los aprendizajes, y hacer un buen trabajo en la prevención de lesiones deportivas desde los aspectos de la fisiología, la psicología, la tecnología, el entrenamiento y otros aspectos según las características de los factores de lesión de los futbolistas en las diferentes etapas escolares son prácticas deseables para reducir el riesgo de lesiones deportivas y mejorar la calidad del entrenamiento y la competición de fútbol escolar de los jóvenes futbolistas universitarios. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Transcriptomics Provides Novel Insights into the Regulatory Mechanism of IncRNA HIF1 A-AS1 on Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells

ABSTRACT Introduction: Thoracic aortic aneurysm is a potentially fatal disease with a strong genetic contribution. The dysfunction of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) contributes to the formation of this aneurysm. Although previous studies suggested that long non-coding ribonucleic acid (RNA) hypoxia inducible factor 1 α-antisense RNA 1 (HIF1A-AS1) exerted a vital role in the progression and pathogenesis of thoracic aortic aneurysm, we managed to find a new regulatory mechanism of HIF1A-AS1 in VSMCs via transcriptomics. Methods: Cell viability was detected by the cell counting kit-8 assay. Cell apoptosis was assessed by Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide double staining. Transwell migration assay and wound healing assay were performed to check the migration ability of HIF1A-AS1 on VSMCs. The NextSeq XTen system (Illumina) was used to collect RNA sequencing data. Lastly, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction confirmed the veracity and reliability of RNA-sequencing results. Results: We observed that overexpressing HIF1A-AS1 successfully promoted apoptosis, significantly altered cell cycle distribution, and greatly attenuated migration in VSMCs, further highlighting the robust promoting effects of HIF1A-AS1 to thoracic aortic aneurysm. Moreover, transcriptomics was implemented to uncover its underlying mechanism. A total of 175 differently expressed genes were identified, with some of them enriched in apoptosis, migration, and cell cycle-related pathways. Intriguingly, some differently expressed genes were noted in vascular development or coagulation function pathways. Conclusion: We suggest that HIF1A-AS1 mediated the progression of thoracic aortic aneurysm by not only regulating the function of VSMCs, but also altering vascular development or coagulation function.

Anticarin-β shows a promising anti-osteosarcoma effect by specifically inhibiting CCT4 to impair proteostasis

Unlike healthy, non-transformed cells, the proteostasis network of cancer cells is taxed to produce proteins involved in tumor development. Cancer cells have a higher dependency on molecular chaperones to maintain proteostasis. The chaperonin T-complex protein ring complex (TRiC) contains eight paralogous subunits (CCT1-8), and assists the folding of as many as 10% of cytosolic proteome. TRiC is essential for the progression of some cancers, but the roles of TRiC subunits in osteosarcoma remain to be explored. Here, we show that CCT4/TRiC is significantly correlated in human osteosarcoma, and plays a critical role in osteosarcoma cell survival. We identify a compound anticarin-β that can specifically bind to and inhibit CCT4. Anticarin-β shows higher selectivity in cancer cells than in normal cells. Mechanistically, anticarin-β potently impedes CCT4-mediated STAT3 maturation. Anticarin-β displays remarkable antitumor efficacy in orthotopic and patient-derived xenograft models of osteosarcoma. Collectively, our data uncover a key role of CCT4 in osteosarcoma, and propose a promising treatment strategy for osteosarcoma by disrupting CCT4 and proteostasis.

Interpretation of Update: Standardized CT/HRCT Classification of Occupational and Environmental Thoracic Diseases in Germany published in 2014 / 中国职业医学

@#Imaging diagnosis is one of the main bases for the diagnosis of occupational pneumoconiosis. At present the - diagnosis of occupational pneumoconiosis is mainly based on high kV X ray chest radiography or chest digital radiography. With （ ） ， （ ） the wide application of computed tomography CT in occupational lung diseases high resolution CT HRCT is increasingly Update： Standardized CT/HRCT Classification of Occupational valuable in the diagnosis of occupational pneumoconiosis. The and Environmental Thoracic Diseases in Germany， ， published in 2014 is the latest and highly reliable standard. The standard - - - recommends the use of low dose HRCT scanning regimens and whole lung thin layer volumetric scanning with a thickness of - ， ， 1.0 mm and high resolution reconstruction which classify CT image quality into four levels and describes methods for （ ， classification and quantitative recording of CT manifestations of lung lesions including round opacities irregular and/or linear ， ， ， ， ） opacities ground glass opacity honeycombing emphysema and large opacities and pleural lesions. It is beneficial for ， ， ， epidemiological research early screening diagnosis and differential diagnosis treatment and prognosis of occupational ， pneumoconiosis as well as the comparison of international data related to occupational pneumoconiosis.

Interpretation of Update: Standardized CT/HRCT Classification of Occupational and Environmental Thoracic Diseases in Germany published in 2014 / 中国职业医学

@#Imaging diagnosis is one of the main bases for the diagnosis of occupational pneumoconiosis. At present the - diagnosis of occupational pneumoconiosis is mainly based on high kV X ray chest radiography or chest digital radiography. With （ ） ， （ ） the wide application of computed tomography CT in occupational lung diseases high resolution CT HRCT is increasingly Update： Standardized CT/HRCT Classification of Occupational valuable in the diagnosis of occupational pneumoconiosis. The and Environmental Thoracic Diseases in Germany， ， published in 2014 is the latest and highly reliable standard. The standard - - - recommends the use of low dose HRCT scanning regimens and whole lung thin layer volumetric scanning with a thickness of - ， ， 1.0 mm and high resolution reconstruction which classify CT image quality into four levels and describes methods for （ ， classification and quantitative recording of CT manifestations of lung lesions including round opacities irregular and/or linear ， ， ， ， ） opacities ground glass opacity honeycombing emphysema and large opacities and pleural lesions. It is beneficial for ， ， ， epidemiological research early screening diagnosis and differential diagnosis treatment and prognosis of occupational ， pneumoconiosis as well as the comparison of international data related to occupational pneumoconiosis.

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in the treatment of ischemic stroke / 国际脑血管病杂志

Stem cell transplantation has great potential in the treatment of ischemic stroke, and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are the most widely studied. Studies have shown that BMSCs mainly perform their functions in a paracrine manner, and the exosomes released by BMSCs show biological activities similar to BMSCs. As a cell-free therapy, BMSCs exosomes have made a lot of progress in the field of ischemic stroke. This article reviews the research progress of BMSCs-derived exosomes in the treatment of ischemic stroke.

Treatment results of carotid endarterectomy and carotid artery stenting for patients with radiation-induced carotid stenosis

Purpose@#Exposure to ionizing radiation over the head and neck accelerates atherosclerotic changes in the carotid arteries. Owing to the characteristics of radiation-induced carotid stenosis (RICS), the results regarding the optimal revascularization method for RICS vary. This study compared treatment outcomes between carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and carotid artery stenting (CAS) in RICS. @*Methods@#This was a single-center retrospective review of consecutive patients who underwent CEA or CAS for carotid stenosis. RICS was defined as carotid stenosis (>50%) with the prior neck irradiation for cancer treatment on either side.For the analyses, demographics, comorbid conditions, carotid lesion characteristics based on imaging studies, surgical complications, neurologic outcomes, and mortality during the follow-up period were reviewed. To compare CEA and CAS results in RICS, a 1:1 propensity score matching was applied. @*Results@#Between November 1994 and June 2021, 43 patients with RICS and 2,407 patients with non-RICS underwent carotid revascularization with CEA or CAS. RICS had fewer atherosclerotic risk factors and more frequent severe carotid stenosis and contralateral carotid occlusions than non-RICS. CAS was more commonly performed than CEA (22.9% vs.77.1%) for RICS due to more frequent unfavorable carotid anatomy (0 vs. 16.2%). Procedure-related complications were more common in the CEA than in the CAS. However, there was no significant difference in neurologic outcomes and restenosis rates between CEA and CAS in RICS. @*Conclusion@#Considering its lesion characteristics and cumulative incidence, RICS requires more attention than non-RICS.Although CAS has broader indications for RICS, CEA has shown acceptable results if selectively performed.

Comparison of Reproducibility of Linear Measurements on Digital Models among Intraoral Scanners, Desktop Scanners, and Cone-beam Computed Tomography

Purpose@#Intraoral scanners, desktop scanners, and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) are being used in a complementary way for diagnosis and treatment planning. Limited patient-based results are available about dimensional reproducibility among different three-dimensional imaging systems. This study aimed to evaluate dimensional reproducibility among patient-derived digital models created from an intraoral scanner, desktop scanner, and two CBCT systems. @*Materials and Methods@#Twenty-nine arches from sixteen patients who were candidates for implant treatments were enrolled. Different types of CBCT systems (KCT and VCT) were used before and after the surgery. Polyvinylsiloxane impressions were taken on the enrolled arches after the healing period. Gypsum casts were fabricated and scanned with an intraoral scanner (CIOS) and desktop scanner (MDS). Four test groups of digital models, each from CIOS, MDS, KCT, and VCT, respectively, were compared to the reference gypsum cast group. For comparison of linear measurements, intercanine and intermolar widths and left and right canine to molar lengths were measured on individual gypsum cast and digital models. All measurements were triplicated, and the averages were used for statistics.Bland–Altman plots were drawn to assess the degree of agreement between each test group with the reference gypsum cast group. A linear mixed model was used to analyze the fixed effect of the test groups compared to the reference group (α=0.05).Result: The Bland–Altman plots showed that the bias of each test group was –0.07 mm for CIOS, –0.07 mm for MDS, –0.21 mm for VCT, and –0.25 mm for KCT. The linear mixed model did not show significant differences between the test and reference groups (P>0.05). @*Conclusion@#The linear distances measured on the digital models created from CIOS, MDS, and two CBCT systems showed slightly larger than the references but clinically acceptable reproducibility for diagnosis and treatment planning.reproducibility for diagnosis and treatment planning.plots showed that the bias of each test group was –0.07 mm for CIOS, –0.07 mm for MDS,

Repeated Pseudoaneurysm after Endovascular Repair of Popliteal Aneurysm due to Graft Disintegration and Fabric Tear

Endovascular repair of popliteal artery aneurysms (PAA) using a stent graft is suitable for patients with favorable anatomy. In the domestic situation where Gore Medical withdrew, we report two cases of unusual complications of pseudoaneurysm after endovascular repair of PAA. A 44-year-old male with a history of bypass surgery for a PAA presented with recurrent vein graft pseudoaneurysm. Endovascular treatment using a domestic stent graft was performed. However, pseudoaneurysm developed due to the graft fabric tear 1 month later, requiring surgical removal. In another case, an 84-year-old female presented with acute limb ischemia related to PAA. Endovascular aneurysm repair with the same domestic stent graft was performed. However, stent graft failure occurred 2 years later and the patient underwent open surgical repair. There was a graft fabric disintegration. When proper endovascular device is not available, open surgical treatment is the best option for treating PAA.

Study on the effect of music therapy on middle-aged and elderly individuals with depression / Estudo sobre o efeito da terapia musical sobre indivíduos de meia-idade e idosos com depressão / Investigación sobre musicoterapia para la depresión de mediana edad y ancianos

ABSTRACT To explore the clinical effect of music therapy in the treatment of middle-aged and elderly patients with depression. From June 2019 to June 2020, 100 patients with depression in a community were selected as the object of this study, and were divided into a control group and an observation group according to the order of visits, with 50 patients in each group. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of gender, age, education level and drug treatment (medication dose, type) (P>0.05). The patients in the control group were treated with conventional antidepressant drugs. The patients in the observation group added music therapy to the conventional therapy. The music therapist needs to fully understand the basic situation of the patient and formulate a suitable music treatment plan according to the actual state of the patient. Compare the HANA and PSP scores between the two groups of depressive patients after treatment to judge the treatment effect on the patients. The Hana and PSP scores in the observation group after treatment were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). To treat depression, in addition to selecting appropriate drugs, alleviating the emotional state of patients is more important. Music therapy as an auxiliary treatment of traditional therapy, in the treatment of depression in the elderly, has been effectively verified, we should actively promote its application.

RESUMO Explorar o efeito clínico da terapia musical no tratamento de pacientes de meia-idade e idosos com depressão. De junho de 2019 a junho de 2020, 100 pacientes com depressão foram selecionados como objeto deste estudo, e foram divididos em um grupo controle e um grupo de observação de acordo com a ordem de consultas, sendo 50 pacientes incluídos em cada grupo. Não houve diferença significativa entre os dois grupos em termos de gênero, idade, escolaridade e tratamento medicamentoso (dose, tipo de medicação) (P>0.05). Os pacientes do grupo controle foram tratados com medicamentos antidepressivos convencionais. Os pacientes do grupo de observação adicionaram a terapia musical à terapia convencional. O terapeuta musical precisa entender completamente a situação básica do paciente e formular um plano de tratamento musical adequado de acordo com o estado real do paciente. Comparar os escores HANA e PSP entre os dois grupos de pacientes com depressão após tratamento para avaliar o efeito terapêutico dos pacientes. Os escores Hana e PSP no grupo de observação após o tratamento foram significativamente superiores às do grupo controle (P< 0.05). Para o tratamento da depressão, além da seleção de medicamentos apropriados, o estado emocional dos pacientes é mais importante. A terapia musical Como tratamento auxiliar da Terapia tradicional no tratamento da depressão nos idosos foi efetivamente verificada, portanto devemos promover ativamente sua aplicação.

RESUMEN Explorar el Efecto Clínico de la Musicoterapia en el Tratamiento de Pacientes de Mediana Edad y Ancianos con Depresión. Desde junio de 2019 a junio de 2020, se seleccionaron 100 pacientes con depresión en una comunidad como objeto de este estudio, y se dividieron en un grupo de control y un grupo de observación según el orden de visitas, con 50 pacientes en cada grupo. No hubo diferencias significativas entre los dos grupos en términos de sexo, edad, nivel de educación y tratamiento farmacológico (dosis de medicación, tipo) (P> 0,05). Los pacientes del grupo de control fueron tratados con fármacos antidepresivos convencionales. Los pacientes del grupo de observación agregaron la musicoterapia a la terapia convencional. El musicoterapeuta debe comprender completamente la situación básica del paciente y formular un plan de tratamiento musical adecuado de acuerdo con el estado real del paciente. Se compararon las puntuaciones de HANA y PSP entre los dos grupos de pacientes depresivos después del tratamiento para juzgar su efecto del tratamiento en los pacientes. Las puntuaciones de Hana y PSP en el grupo de observación después del tratamiento fueron significativamente más altas que las del grupo de control (P <0,05). Para tratar la depresión, además de seleccionar los fármacos adecuados, es más importante aliviar el estado emocional de los pacientes. La musicoterapia como tratamiento auxiliar de la terapia tradicional, en el tratamiento de la depresión en el anciano, ha sido efectivamente comprobada, debemos promover activamente su aplicación.