Interaction effects of co-consumption of takeaway fast foods and sodas on depressive symptom in Chinese adolescents / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the association between co-consumption of takeaway fast foods and sodas with depressive symptoms among Chinese adolescents, and to provide a reference for reducing the occurence of depression among adolescents.@*Methods@#A multi-center population-based survey was conducted in 32 schools in 4 provinces across China. A total of 14 500 adolescents completed eligible questionnaires. Depressive symptoms were assessed by using Children’s Depression Inventory(CDI), while consumption of takeaway fast foods and sodas was collected using the semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire(FFQ).@*Results@#27.26%(3 952/14 500) of adolescents were reported of depressive symptoms. The low, middle, and high-frequency consumption of takeaway fast foods (a OR=1.12, 1.73, 1.56, P<0.05) and sodas (a OR=1.64, 2.17, 3.54, P<0.01) were associated with depressive symptoms, and dose-response relationships were observed in all association(P<0.01). Meanwhile, positive additive interactions were observed in the association(a OR=2.46, P<0.01). The relative excess risk, attribution ratio and the interaction index of synergy was 0.45(0.12-0.77), 0.18(0.06-0.30) and 1.44(1.10-1.89), respectively.@*Conclusion@#Co-consumption of takeaway fast foods and sodas significantly associates with depressive symptoms by synergistic effect among Chinese adolescents.

Gonadotropins and sex hormones in healthy Chinese infants.

This study was conducted to investigate the infantile changing regularity of gonadotropins and sex hormones. Serum samples were obtained from 416 healthy infants (male: 215; females: 201). In male infants, peaks in serum gonadotropins and testosterone concentrations were observed at 2-4 months. In female infants, serum FSH concentrations reached peak at 2-3 months. Before 6 months, serum testosterone and LH concentrations were higher in male, while FSH was on the contrary. Peaks in serum gonadotropins and sex hormones concentrations are reached and sexual dimorphism appears in the early infancy. Defining the range of mean values and the trends for infantile gonadotropins and sex hormones could be helpful for clinical evaluation.