RESUMEN
Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a progressive cholestatic liver disease targeting biliary epithelial cells, and the concept of "treating diseases by intervening with the gut" has become a research hotspot in recent years. In the future, probiotics may be used to improve the abundance and distribution of intestinal flora, reshape the intestinal microenvironment, and intervene against the progression of PBC. This article reviews the gut microbiota and the clinical application of probiotics, so as to provide ideas for finding new treatment strategies for PBC.
RESUMEN
Objective To investigate the incidence and risk factors of chronic cough in children aged 6-14 years. Methods The incidence of chronic cough in children aged 6-14 years in Qinhuangdao city was investigated by questionnaire. Results A total of 4 000 questionnaires were distributed, 3 785 of them were effectively recovered, with the recovery rate of 94.6%. The incidence of chronic cough in children aged 6-14 was 5.1% (194/3 785). The prevalence rates of boys and girls were 5.4% (101/1 859) and 4.8% (93/1 926), respectively, with no significant difference (χ2=0.641，P=0.873). The incidence rate of children in industrial town area 6.7% (64/955) was significantly higher than that in urban area 4.4% (85/1 917) and agricultural town 4.9% (45/913) (χ2=55.082，P=0.000). The risk factors showed that chronic cough was associated with long-term allergen exposure, allergic constitution, asthma, rhinitis, reflux esophagitis and other nasopharynx diseases (χ2=17.833，43.370，194.466，27.773，101.92，11.268，P =0.000). Regression model analysis showed that asthma, rhinitis and allergen long-term exposure were independent risk factors of chronic cough (Wald=15.352，10.174，12.625，12.659，P =0.000). Conclusion The incidence rate of children in industrial town is higher in Qinhuangdao City than those in other urban areas, 6~14 years old children. Asthma, rhinitis and allergen exposure are the main causes of chronic cough.
RESUMEN
Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of endoscopy and laprotomy for gastric stromal tumor,and to evaluate the clinical value of endoscopy.Methods A retrospective analysis was made based on the clinical data of 142 patients with gastric stromal tumor(diameter＜3 cm with clear boundary),with 83 patients who underwent endoscopic resection assigned to the endoscopy group,and 59 patients who underwent laprotomic resection to the operation group.The clinical and pathological data in both groups were analysed and the safety,perioperative situation and prognosis of two groups were compared.Results Compared with the laprotomy group,the endoscopy group required the same time,[(88.25±12.18) min VS (90.15±10.25) min,P=0.367],yielded to less intraoperative blood loss[(42.15±22.13) ml VS (140.55±35.66) ml,P＜0.01],early postoperative feeding[(2.30± 1.20) d VS (5.40± 1.28) d,P＜0.01],and shorter postoperative hospital stay [(5.43± 1.78) d VS (9.42± 1.65) d,P＜0.01].Follow-up was performed in two groups for 5-55 months (median,30 months),with no recurrence or metastasis.Conclusion Compared with surgery,endoscopic therapy is safe and effective for the gastric stromal tumor,whose diameter is less than 3 cm with clear boundary.