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OBJECTIVE To explore the intestinal absorption characteristics of saikosaponins. METHODS Based on everted intestinal sac model， using accumulative absorption amount （Q） and absorption rate constant （Ka） as indexes， UHPLC-MS/MS technique as a method， the absorption of saikosaponin A， B2， C， D and F from total saponins of Bupleurum chinense （8 g/mL， by crude drug） in the duodenum， jejunum and ileum was detected. RESULTS The correlation coefficients （r） of the regression equations for the absorption of saikosaponins A， B2， C and F in the duodenum， jejunum and ileum were all higher than 0.95， while the r of saikosaponin D in the above intestinal segments was lower than 0.95； compared with the absorption of the same composition in the duodenum， the Q and Ka of saikosaponin A and C circulating in jejunum and ileum for 120 min， as well as the Q and Ka of saikosaponin F circulating in the ileum for 120 min were significantly decreased （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Saikosaponin A and the other 4 saikosaponins are all absorbed in the duodenum， jejunum and ileum； among them， saikosaponin A， B2， C and F are linearly absorbed， which conforms to the zero-order absorption characteristics， but saikosaponin D shows non- linear absorption.
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Objective To explore the characteristics and influencing factors of methamphetamine dependence adolescents’ emotional faces recognition ability. Methods Eighty-six adolescents methamphet-amine addicts and 85 healthy volunteers were tested by a self-designed questionnaire and an experiment of e-motional faces identification. Results (1)There was no significant correlation between the emotional faces recognition ability of the experimental group with their age,education level and drug time (P>0. 05). (2)The correct number of positive(32. 58 ±8. 56),neutral (32. 76±8. 06),and negative(56. 28±20. 04) emotional faces recognition in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group of positive (35. 64±3. 91),neutral(35. 47±4. 00),and negative(71. 02±8. 62) emotional faces recognition(t=-3. 00,-2. 79,-6. 24,P<0. 05). Meanwhile,the response time of positive(( 401. 32± 175. 13) ms) and negative ((502. 08±194. 42)ms) emotional faces recognition in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group of positive((300. 83±139. 48)ms) and negative((379. 91±197. 30)ms) emotional faces (t=4. 15,4. 08,P<0. 05). Nevertheless,there was no significant difference between the experimental group((400. 90±174. 21) ms) and the control group ((356. 67±156. 70) ms) in the recognition response time of neutral emotional faces (t=1. 75,P>0. 05). Conclusion Methamphetamine dependence impairs the ability of adolescents’ emotional faces recognition,and their positive and negative emotional recognition abili-ty has processing defects. The ability of methamphetamine dependence adolescents to emotional faces recogni- tion is not affected by their age,education level and time of drug uses.
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Objective To investigate the clinical manifestation,neuroimaging characteristics and follow-up results of chorea associated with non-ketotic hyperglycemia (C-H-BG).Methods Clinical data of six patients with C-H-BG were analyzed retrospectively.Results The average age of the six patients (five female and one male) was 65.8±13.9 years,All patients had acute-subacute course.Patients presented with choreic movements involving facial muscles (n=6) and unilateral (n=5) or bilateral limbs (n=1).The average value of plasma glucose at admission was 9.21 ± 5.15 mmol/L.All patients had significantly elevated HbA1c (14.1 ±3.5％).The brain MRI T1 imaging from all patients showed hyperintensity in the basal ganglia,putamen,lenticular nucleus and caudate nucleus.SWI imaging revealed corresponding hypointensity signal in the basal ganglia in three patients.Two patients had severe stenosis of the MCA.Five patients were followed up for an average of 16.2 ±7.2 months.Three patients died.Conclusion The high T1 hypertense lesions in the basal ganglia are the mainly radiological feature of C-H-BG which may be accompanied by SWI hytointense signals in the basal ganglia.
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Objective To investigate the clinical manifestation,neuroimaging characteristics and follow-up results of chorea associated with non-ketotic hyperglycemia (C-H-BG).Methods Clinical data of six patients with C-H-BG were analyzed retrospectively.Results The average age of the six patients (five female and one male) was 65.8±13.9 years,All patients had acute-subacute course.Patients presented with choreic movements involving facial muscles (n=6) and unilateral (n=5) or bilateral limbs (n=1).The average value of plasma glucose at admission was 9.21 ± 5.15 mmol/L.All patients had significantly elevated HbA1c (14.1 ±3.5％).The brain MRI T1 imaging from all patients showed hyperintensity in the basal ganglia,putamen,lenticular nucleus and caudate nucleus.SWI imaging revealed corresponding hypointensity signal in the basal ganglia in three patients.Two patients had severe stenosis of the MCA.Five patients were followed up for an average of 16.2 ±7.2 months.Three patients died.Conclusion The high T1 hypertense lesions in the basal ganglia are the mainly radiological feature of C-H-BG which may be accompanied by SWI hytointense signals in the basal ganglia.
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Objective To investigate the dosimetric performance of COMPASS system,a novel 3D quality assurance system for the verification of nasopharyngeal carcinoma volumetric modulated therapy (VMAT) treatment plan.Methods Eight VMAT treatment plans of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients were performed with MasterPlan,a treatment planning system (TPS),and then these treatment plans were sent to the COMPASS and MOSAIQ system,a coherent control system,respectively.Comparison of the COMPASS reconstructed dose versus TPS dose was conducted by using the dose volume-based indices:dose received by 95％ volume of target ( D95％ ),mean dose ( Dmean ) and γ pass rate,dose to the 1％ of the spinal cord and brain stem volume ( D1％ ),mean dose of leaf and right parotid ( Dmean ),and the volume received 30 Gy for left and right parotid (V30).COMPASS can reconstruct dose with the real measured delivery fluence after detector commissioning.Results The average dose difference for the target volumes was within 1％,the difference for D95 was within 3％ for most treatment plans,and the γ pass rate was higher than 95％ for all target volumes.The average differences for the D1％ values of spinal cord and brain stem were ( 4.3 ± 3.0) ％ and ( 5.9± 2.9 ) ％ respectively,and the average differences for the Dmean values of spinal cord and brain stem were ( 5.3 ± 3.0 ) ％ and ( 8.0 ± 3.5 ) ％ respectively.In general the COMPASS measured doses were all smaller than the TPS calculated doses for these two organs.The average differences of the Dmean values of the left and right parotids were( 6.1± 3.1 ) ％ and ( 4.7 ± 4.4 ) ％ respectively,and the average differences of the V30 values of the left and right parotids were (9.4 ± 7.5 ) ％ and (9.4 ± 9.9)％ respectively.Conclusions An ideal tool for the VMAT verification,the patient anatomy based COMPASS 3D dose verification system can check the dose difference between the real delivery and TPS calculation directly for each individual organ,either target volumes or critical organs.