The Relief Effects of Ramelteon on Refractory Chronic Migraine: A Case Report

The selective melatonin receptor agonism effect of ramelteon is useful for insomnia. Here we wanted to present a refractory chronic migraine case, who had significant improvements in migraine after using ramelteon. The possible mechanism for the ramelteon in the migraine relief might be related to melatonin effects.

The Accompanying Changes in Brain Structure of a Remitted Depression Patient with the Bupropion Treatment

The impacts from the bupropion on the brain structures have seldom been mentioned in the literature. The bupropion is a kind of antidepressant with dual action in the norepinephrine and dopamine receptors. Here we have a case to share about the bupropion-related effects in the brain structure.

Late-onset Quetiapine-related Tardive Dyskinesia Side Effects in a Patient with Psychotic Depression

The atypical antipsychotics were believed to induce less extrapyramidal syndrome, including tardive dyskinesia (TD). Since the introduction of the quetiapine, it is also reported with less TD side effects. It even can relieve the symptoms of severe TD and reduce the risk of TD. The quetiapine's low affinity and fast dissociation from postsynaptic dopamine D2 receptors should give the least risk of producing the symptoms of TD. The quetiapine even can reduce the TD side effects related to clozapine, which has the lowest risk for TD. However, since the first case report of TD side effects related to quetiapine published on 1999, the safety of quetiapine in TD aspect has been questioned. Therefore, we want to share this case report, which was written to describe the severe late-onset TD side effects after long-term use of quetiapine in a patient with psychotic depression. The patient had no significant findings after concurrent comprehensive neurological examinations, magnetic resonance imaging of brain and electroencephalogram since the onset of TD.