Application of CDK4 / 6 inhibitors in the treatment of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer / 国际肿瘤学杂志

With roles of blocking cell proliferation,cyclin-dependent protein kinase (CDK)4 / 6 inhi-bitors are effective and safe complementary therapies for hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. CDK4 / 6 inhibitors combined with endocrine therapy significantly improve the prognosis of patients with advanced or metastatic breast cancer,especially those with endocrine resistance. Indications for CDK4 / 6 inhibitors are also expected to broaden into early-stage breast cancer. However,mechanisms of resistance of CDK4 / 6 inhibitors remain elusive.

Application of CDK4/6 inhibitors in the treatment of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer / 国际肿瘤学杂志

With roles of blocking cell proliferation, cyclin-dependent protein kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhi-bitors are effective and safe complementary therapies for hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. CDK4/6 inhibitors combined with endocrine therapy significantly improve the prognosis of patients with advanced or metastatic breast cancer, especially those with endocrine resistance. Indications for CDK4/6 inhibitors are also expected to broaden into early-stage breast cancer. However, mechanisms of resistance of CDK4/6 inhibitors remain elusive.

Effect of sevoflurane preconditioning on expression of heat shock protein 70 during renal ischemia-reperfusion in rats / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of sevoflurane preconditioning on the expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) during renal ischemia-reperfusion in rats.Methods Twenty-four pathogen-free healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 250-300 g,aged 2-3 months,were divided into 3 groups (n=8 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group S),renal I/R group (group I/R) and sevoflurane preconditioning group (group SP).The animals were anesthetized with 2％ pentobarbital sodium 50 mg/kg.After the right kidney was removed,the left renal artery was clamped for 45 min followed by 2 h reperfusion to establish the model of renal I/R injury.In group SP,2.2％ sevoflurane was inhaled for 1 h followed by 10-min washout before the model was established.The animals were sacrificed at the end of rcpcrfusion,and kidneys were then removed for determination of the expression of HSP70 (by immunohistochemistry) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in renal tissues (by thiobarbituric acid colorimetric method).Results Compared with group S,the expression of HSP70 in renal tissues was significantly up-regulated,and the MDA content in renal tissues was increased in t/R and SP groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group I/R,the expression of HSP70 in renal tissues was significantly up-regulated,and the MDA content in renal tissues was decreased in group SP (P＜0.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which sevoflurane preconditioning reduces renal I/R injury is related to up-regulation of HSP70 expression in rats.

Perioperative nursing of three patients undergoing resection with tumors involving intra-and extra-cranial regions and anterolateral femoral skin flap repair / 中华护理杂志

This paper summarized perioperative nursing care of three patients undergoing surgical tumor resection and anterolateral femoral skin flap repair,with tumors involving intra-and extra-cranial regions from scalp squamous cell carcinoma breaking through the skull directly into the brain. Three surgical procedures were successfully per-formed by cooperation between two surgical departments and the average duration was 7 hours. The effective preop-erative infection control,perfect surgical plan,intraoperative team collaboration,effective aseptic technique and tumor-free technique were key points for the success of the operations. Close postoperative observation and positive psy-chological nursing also guaranteed operation success.

Efficacy of adjuvant endocrine therapy in breast cancer patients with a positive-to-negative switch of hormone receptor status after neoadjuvant chemotherapy / 浙江大学学报·医学版

To evaluate the efficacy of adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET) in breast cancer patients with a positive-to-negative switch of hormone receptor status after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).One hundred and six patients who presented with hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer at diagnosis and turned to HR-negative after NAC during December 2000 and December 2013 in Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital were retrospectively identified. Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank test were used for univariate analyses of factors related to disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Multivariate analysis was carried out using the Cox proportional hazards model in patients with DFS and OS.All the patients were categorized into two groups on the basis of the administration of AET:61 AET-administered patients (57.5%) and 45 AET-naïve patients (42.5%). After a median follow-up of 68 months (range 14-103 months), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) status, initial clinical stage, pathological axillary lymph node status and the use of AET were identified as the variables affecting DFS and OS (all<0.05). Patients treated with AET had a significantly improved 5-year DFS rate when compared with that without AET (77.1%53.5%,<0.05). The 5-year OS of AET-administered patients was also better than that of AET-naïve patients (80.9%71.0%,<0.05). Cox regression analysis showed that AET-administered or not was the independent predictor for 5-year DFS (=2.096, 95%:1.081-4.065,<0.05).Patients with HR altered from positive to negative after NAC may still gain benefit from AET.

Vascular anatomy and evaluation of the nipple-areola complex in nipple-sparing mastectomies / 中国癌症杂志

Nipple-areola complex (NAC)-sparing mastectomies (NSM) have gained acceptance in the ifeld of breast oncology. The superior aesthetic outcomes of NSM explain their increased use and rising popularity. Technical considerations and challenges of this procedure are centered on nipple ischemia and necrosis. Patient selection, reconstructive strategies and incision placement have lowered ischemic complication rates. An understanding of the NAC vascular anatomy is, therefore, clinically relevant beyond NSM. In this paper, the relevant clinical anatomy is described, mainly focusing on the anatomy of the NAC. This article also covers how to identify and classify the in vivo blood supply to the NAC using breast MRI exams which provide valuable information for assessing vascular anatomy of the NAC. This includes the arterial iflling phase, venous drainage phase and 3-dimensional reconstructed maximum intensity projection (MIP) images. Finally, the indocyanine green (ICG) and a specialized infrared camera-computer system provide surgeons with a practical tool to assess real-time breast skin and NAC perfusion. Intraoperative evaluation of skin perfusion allows surgeons to detect ischemia and modify the operative approach to reduce the risk of nipple ischemia and necrosis.

Effect of DPP-4 inhibitor on serum adiponectin and hs-CRP in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of dipeptidyl peptidase 4(DPP-4) inhibitor on serum adiponectin (APN) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods 45 cases were type 2 diabetes were collected from department of endocrinology,wuxi second People's hospital of jiangsu province from January 2015 to April 2015.45 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were randomly divided into treatment group (n=23) and control group (n =22) , treatment group was treated with metformin combined with DPP-4 inhibitor and control group was treated without DPP-4 inhibitor.Before and after treatment,fasting plsma glucose(FPG),postprandial 2h glucose(2hPG),adiponectin, hs-CRP and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance(HOMA-IR) were measured.Results Adiponectin was significantly higher in treatment group than before(P<0.05),FPG,2hPG,hs-CRP and HOMA-IR were significantly lower than before(P<0.05).Adiponectin in treatment group was significantly higher than control group post-treatment(P<0.05).2hPG,hs-CRP and HOMA-IR in treatment group were siginificantly lower than control group post-treatment (P<0.05).Conclusion DPP-4 inhibitor could improve insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus by increasing serum adiponectin and decreasing serum Hs-CRP and HOMA-IR.

Role of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid in the combined treatment of breast cancer / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Breast cancer is a type of heterogenetic neoplasm.Metabolic dysfunction plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and progress of breast cancer.N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) could change fatty acid metabolism of breast cancer cells and modulate expression of oncogenes and anti-oncogenes through various ways.It may provide therapeutic opportunities in the treatment of chemotherapy,radiotherapy,endocrine therapy and molecule targeted therapy of breast cancer.

Analysis of urinary protein patterns for diabetes by protein chip / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Urine samples from diabetic and healthy subjects were detected by H4 protein chip and surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS).Some significantly differential proteins between diabetic and controls were found.Four top-scored protein peaks were finally selected as the potential "fingerprints" for detection of early diabetic nephropathy by artificial neural network (ANN) classifier.