Electroacupuncture at Sensitized Acupoints Relieves Somatic Referred Pain in Colitis Rats by Inhibiting Sympathetic-Sensory Coupling to Interfere with 5-HT Signaling Pathway / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate whether electroacupuncture (EA) at sensitized acupoints could reduce sympathetic-sensory coupling (SSC) and neurogenic inflammatory response by interfering with 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)ergic neural pathways to relieve colitis and somatic referred pain, and explore the underlying mechanisms.@*METHODS@#Rats were treated with 5% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) solution for 7 days to establish a colitis model. Twelve rats were randomly divided into the control and model groups according to a random number table (n=6). According to the "Research on Rat Acupoint Atlas", sensitized acupoints and non-sensitized acupoints were determined. Rats were randomly divided into the control, model, Zusanli-EA (ST 36), Dachangshu-EA (BL 25), and Xinshu (BL 15) groups (n=6), as well as the control, model, EA, and EA + GR113808 (a 5-HT inhibitor) groups (n=6). The rats in the control group received no treatment. Acupuncture was administered on 2 days after modeling using the stimulation pavameters: 1 mA, 2 Hz, for 30 min, with sparse and dense waves, for 14 consecutive days. GR113808 was injected into the tail vein at 5 mg/kg before EA for 10 min for 7 consecutive days. Mechanical sensitivity was assessed with von Frey filaments. Body weight and disease activity index (DAI) scores of rats were determined. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to observe colon histopathology. SSC was analyzed by immunofluorescence staining. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect 5-HT and substance P (SP) expressions. The calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in skin tissue and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) protein levels in DRG were detected by Western blot. The levels of hyaluronic acid (HA), bradykinin (BK), prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) in skin tissue, 5-HT, tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH1), serotonin transporters (SERT), 5-HT 3 receptor (5-HT3R), and 5-HT 4 receptor (5-HT4R) in colon tissue were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).@*RESULTS@#BL 25 and ST 36 acupoints were determined as sensitized acupoints, and BL 15 acupoint was used as a non-sensitized acupoint. EA at sensitized acupoints improved the DAI score, increased mechanical withdrawal thresholds, and alleviated colonic pathological damage of rats. EA at sensitized acupoints reduced SSC structures and decreased TH and CGRP expression levels (P<0.05). Furthermore, EA at sensitized acupoints reduced BK, PGI2, 5-HT, 5-HT3R and TPH1 levels, and increased HA, 5-HT4R and SERT levels in colitis rats (P<0.05). GR113808 treatment diminished the protective effect of EA at sensitized acupoints in colitis rats (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#EA at sensitized acupoints alleviated DSS-induced somatic referred pain in colitis rats by interfering with 5-HTergic neural pathway, and reducing SSC inflammatory response.

A new suberin from roots of Ephedra sinica Stapf / 药学学报

Six compounds were isolated from the roots of Ephedra sinica Stapf using various chromatographic techniques such as silica gel column chromatography, thin layer chromatography and semi-preparative HPLC. Their chemical structures were identified by analysis of physicochemical properties and spectral data, and determined as (Z)-docosanylferulate (1), (E)-docosanylferulate (2), bis (2-ethylheptyl) phythalate (3), 2,2′-oxybis (1,4-di-tert-butylbenzene) (4), diisobutyl phthalate (5), bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (6). Among them, compound 1 is a new compound, compounds 2-4 were first isolated from Ephedra. A corticosterone-induced PC-12 cell injury model was used for compound activity screening. The results showed that compounds 1 and 5 significantly improved corticosterone-induced PC-12 cell injury and significantly increased 5-HT7 receptor protein expression in the cells, indicating potential antidepressant activity.

Analysis of influential factors for purchasing quantity changes in the procurement varieties of the first batch of drug centralized procurement / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To investigate the factors influencing the changes in purchasing quantity in the procurement varieties of the first batch of volume-based drug centralized procurement （hereinafter referred to as centralized procurement）. METHODS Using 25 procurement varieties of the “4+7” policy as research objects， the changes in purchasing quantity of procurement varieties were analyzed before and after the implementation of the “4+7” pilot， renewal and expansion policies. The influential factors were determined from the three levels of drugs， medical institutions and regions； and the multiple linear regression model was used to analyze the influential factors for the changes in the purchasing quantity of procurement varieties. RESULTS Before and after the implementation of the “4+7” pilot， renewal and expansion policies， the purchasing quantity increased by 52.1， －0.2， 85.8 ten thousand DDDs on average， compared with base period. During pilot， renewal and expansion period， DDDc decrease in procurement varieties was positively correlated with the increase in purchasing quantity （P＜0.01）. During the pilot and renewal period， the number of absolutely alternative varieties was positively correlated with the increase in purchasing quantity （P＜0.1）. During the pilot and expansion period， the number of alternative varieties to a certain extent was negatively correlated with the increase in purchasing quantity （P＜0.05）. During the renewal period， the increment of purchasing quantity in tertiary hospitals was smaller than that of primary medical institutions （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS There is a relationship between the decline of DDDc and the changes in the purchasing quantity， that is， the more the drug price dropped， the more the purchasing quantity increased. The number of alternative varieties for centralized procurement will affect the changes in their purchasing quantity， but it is not always stable. With the implementation of the policy， the volume of primary medical institutions gradually exceeds that of tertiary institutions， indicating that the consumption of centralized purchased varieties is transferred to the primary medical institutions， and centralized procurement has promoted the implementation of the hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system.

Reconstruction of "Public" Ethic in Health Care under the Strategy of Healthy China / 中国医学伦理学

The Healthy China Strategy launched by China is not only a practical policy, but also an ethical revolution in the field of health. Under the Healthy China Strategy, the health field and its sub-field health care are defined as areas with "public" ethics as the fundamental ethical principles. Reconstructing the health care with "public" ethics should get rid of the health care oriented market lead and technical lead, and return to its "public" nature. In terms of concrete realization, the state and the government need to be the power backing of the "public" ethics of the health and medical care, the reconstructing must be leaded by Chinese Communist Party, and the fundamental realization of the "public" ethics of the health and medical care should take the institutions as the fundamental approach.

Application progress of proteomics in dry eye research / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

The complex pathological mechanism of dry eye involves multiple pathways, such as immunity and inflammation, and requires an integral research program to control the whole picture. Various histological techniques can elucidate the complex physio-pathological state of organisms from a holistic and global perspective, thus providing more comprehensive biological information. Mass spectrometry can sensitively detect the changes of protein content in tear samples, providing convenience for proteomics research of dry eye. At present, proteomics has demonstrated its application in the identification of dry eye types, severity grading, and therapeutic effect evaluation. In addition, proteomics combined with metabolomics and microbiomics can more comprehensively explain the pathogenesis of dry eye. In the future, proteomics is expected to provide more powerful support for the precise diagnosis and treatment of dry eye, taking an advantage in targeted therapy.

Mechanism of Promoting Chronic Refractory Wound Repair by Polysaccharides in Traditional Chinese Medicine： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

A chronic refractory wound is caused by continuous skin damage. At the same time， it may be formed due to repeated infection， vascular insufficiency， diabetes， tumors， chronic osteomyelitis， and other reasons， resulting in wound repair interruption and recovery delay. Chronic refractory wound seriously affects the quality of life of patients and consumes a lot of medical resources. Polysaccharides in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） are the effective components of most TCM. Modern pharmacological studies have found that polysaccharides contained in TCM have anti-inflammatory， antioxidant， anti-radiation， hypoglycemic， antiviral， anti-tumor， hypolipidemic， and immunomodulatory effects. Through the summary and analysis of the literature， it was found that the mechanism of polysaccharides in TCM to promote chonic refractory wound repair was mainly realized from the following aspects： firstly， regulating inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-4 （IL-4）， interleukin-10 （IL-10）， interleukin-8 （IL-8）， and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） or regulating macrophage-related inflammatory proteins and chemotactic proteins like MIP-2， MCP-1， to shorten the inflammatory period. Secondly， activating growth factors like platelet-derived growth fator （PDGF）， basic fibroblast growth factor （bFGF）， TGF-α， and vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） to recruit endothelial cells and fibroblasts into tissue proliferation. Thirdly， activationg VEGF and its downstream receptor vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 （VEGFR-1） and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 （VEGFR-2）-mediatated protein kinase C/extracellular regulated kinases （PKC/ERK） signaling pathway or promoting angiogenesie and improving wound blood flow through angiotensin （ANG）. Fourthly， promoting the ablility of collagen synthesis by enhancing the secretion of hydroxyproline and hyaluronic acid （HA） from fibroblasts （FB） and regulating relevant matrix metalloenzymes and their enzyme inhibitor to regulate the extracellular matrix. Fifthly， eliminating free radiccals to reduce the damage caused by oxidative stress to tissue. Sixthly， enhancing the phagocytic ability of macrophages， the activity of natural killer cells， and the proliferation of T cells to improve the defense ability of tissue. Polysaccharides in TCM can repair wounds in many ways at the same time. Its advantage lies in the multiple targets and multiple pathways. It is expected that the research will pay more attention to the mechanism of wound repair by polysaccharide components in TCM when improving the treatment of chronic refractory wounds.

Analysis of genetic variant in a child with Aspartylglucosaminuria / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the genetic basis for a child with Aspartylglucosaminuria (AGU).@*METHODS@#Clinical data of the patient was analyzed. The child was subjected to trio-whole exome sequencing (WES) and copy number variation sequencing (CNV-seq), and candidate variant was verified by Sanger sequencing.@*RESULTS@#The child was found to harbor homozygous c.319C>T (p.Arg107*) nonsense variant of the AGA gene, for which both of his parents were heterozygous carriers. No abnormality was found by CNV-seq analysis. The c.319C>T (p.Arg107*) variant was not found in population database, HGMD and other databases. Based on guidelines of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics, the variant was predicted to be pathogenic (PVS1+PM2+PP3).@*CONCLUSION@#The c.319C>T variant of the AGA gene probably underlay the autosomal recessive AGU in this child. Above finding has enabled genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis for his parents.

Research progress of irradiation injuries anti-agents / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Irradiation injuries anti-agents refer to drugs that can inhibit the initial stage of radiation injuries, or reduce the development of radiation injuries and promote the recovery of injuries when used early after irradiation exposure. According to the mechanism of action and the time of intervention, the irradiation injuries anti-agents are divided into four categories: radioprotectors, radiomitigators, radiation therapeutics for external radiation exposure, and anti-agents for internalized radionuclides. In this paper, the research progress of irradiation injuries anti-agents in recent years is reviewed.

Research Progress on the Combination Therapy of EGFR-TKIs and Metformin in Acquired Resistance to EGFR-TKIs in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer / 中国肺癌杂志

Epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) targeting EGFR are effective in EGFR mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, but drug resistance is inevitable. With the application and expansion of individualized and combined therapy, more and more studies have shown that combined administration of Metformin effectively solves the problem of acquired drug resistance to EGFR-TKIs in clinical treatment and prolongs the survival of patients with NSCLC. EGFR-TKIs combined with Metformin is expected to be the treatment method of choice for NSCLC patients with EGFR-TKIs resistance. This paper intends to summarize the research progress of EGFR-TKIs combined with Metformin in the treatment of EGFR-TKIs acquired resistance in NSCLC, in order to provide a new idea for the treatment of NSCLC patients with acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs.
.

pH and GSH dual-responsive silybin nano-micelles for inhibition of breast cancer activity and metastasis in vitro / 药学学报

The clinical tumor therapy was greatly challenged due to the complex characteristics of tumor microenvironment, however, which also provide arena for novel therapeutic strategies. In this study, poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)-poly(lactic acid)-SS-poly(β-amino ester (PEOz-PLA-SS-PBAE) triblock copolymers with pH and GSH double response were synthesized, polymer micelles were prepared by thin film hydration method for loading of silybin to improve its antitumor activity. The critical micelle concentration was determined by pyrene fluorescence method as 1.8 μg·mL-1. The particle size was 155.30 ± 1.80 nm as determined by dynamic light scattering, with polydispersity index of 0.168 ± 0.004. The drug loading and entrapment efficiency of the micelles were determined by HPLC as (5.48 ± 0.04)% and (68.52 ± 0.48)%, respectively. The in vitro drug release profiles showed that the micelles have low pH sensitivity and high GSH responsiveness, and exhibited sustained release profiles. The good biocompatibility of the material was proved by measuring the hemolysis rate and cytotoxicity of the blank micelle. The cytotoxicity and apoptosis rate of tumor cells showed that the drug loaded PEOz-PLA-SS-PBAE micelles had significant inhibitory effect and apoptosis-inducing effect on MDA-MB-231 cells. The results of wounding healing assay and Transwell invasion test showed that the drug loaded PEOz-PLA-SS-PBAE micelles could significantly inhibit the metastasis of MDA-MB-231 cells. The PEOz-PLA-SS-PBAE drug-loaded micelles prepared in this study have good inhibitory effect on tumor growth and anti-tumor metastasis in vitro, which lays the foundation for the further application of silybin.

Systematic construction of undergraduate curriculum for rehabilitation based on WHO rehabilitation competency framework / 中国康复理论与实践

ObjectiveTo systematically develop the courses of rehabilitation based on World Health Organization rehabilitation competency framework (RCF). MethodsThe theories and methods of RCF were used to analyze competency characteristics of rehabilitation workers and educational objectives to construct the curriculum contents in rehabilitation. ResultsThe competency of the rehabilitation workers included practice, professionalism, learning and development, management and leadership, research, values and beliefs in the specific rehabilitation situations. The objectives of rehabilitation medicine education needed to correspond to the competencies of the rehabilitation workers and set up knowledge units that could develop competency in terms of behaviour, activity tasks and proficiency. The curriculum systems of rehabilitation with RCF included the fields of rehabilitation physiotherapy, rehabilitation occupational therapy, hearing and speech rehabilitation, and prosthetic and orthopaedic engineering, etc. ConclusionThe teaching objectives corresponding to the competency characteristics of rehabilitation workers need to be translated into competency-based education. The curriculum contents in rehabilitation needs to be systematically constructed based on RCF from the areas of rehabilitation physiotherapy, rehabilitation occupational therapy, hearing and speech rehabilitation, and prosthetic and orthopaedic engineering.

Comparison of the effectiveness of reproductive health education intervention through different channels for female college students / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand the knowledge of reproductive health among female college students and the effectiveness of intervention measures, so as to provide a reference for conducting reproductive health education and health guidance for female college students.@*Methods@#From March to November 2022, 1 019 female college students of grade 1 to 3 from a university were selected by convenient sampling method,who were included in the conventional group( n =315), WeChat group( n =462) and outpatient and peer group( n =242). The Outpatient and peer group was provided with reproductive health education and health knowledge manuals and relevant guidance by receiving medical staff, the conventional group received routine health education and guidance from the school, and the WeChat group received online reproductive health education and guidance on the WeChat platform. Survey questionnaires were filled out before and after reproductive health related education and health guidance, and the results were compared and analyzed.@*Results@#After intervention, the awareness rates of women’s menstrual cycle , ovulation period, AIDS detection window period and suitable contraceptive methods in outpatient and peer groups and WeChat group were higher than those in conventional group ( χ 2=26.78, 31.70, 61.50 and 13.96 respectively). The awareness rates of women s physiological time easy to be pregnant and unreliable contraceptive methods in outpatient and peer groups were higher than those in conventional group ( χ 2= 9.10 , 10.68), and the awareness rates of unreliable contraceptive methods and main precautions during menstruation were higher than those in WeChat group ( χ 2=9.10, 8.02). The awareness rate of emergency contraception methods in WeChat group was higher than that in conventional group ( χ 2=7.94). All the differences were statistically significant ( P <0.05). After intervention, the knowledge scores of reproductive physiology (2.55±1.09, 2.42±1.08), contraception (2.62±1.20, 2.53±1.06), sexually transmitted disease (2.89±1.35, 2.76±1.24) and the total score of reproductive health knowledge (12.82±3.94, 12.12±3.06) among female college students of the outpatient and peer group and WeChat group were higher than those in the conventional group (2.10± 0.91 , 2.33±1.09, 2.55±1.18, 11.39±3.07). The knowledge score of accidental pregnancy and induced abortion (1.78±0.91) and the total score of reproductive health knowledge (12.82±3.94) among female college students of the outpatient and peer group were higher than those in the conventional group and WeChat group (1.57±0.87, 1.62±0.87; 11.39±3.07, 12.12±3.06). All the differences were statistically significant ( F =14.94, 5.27, 5.28, 13.02; 4.15, 13.02, P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#Female college students lack comprehensive understanding of reproductive health related knowledge. The reproductive health education and health care guidance to female college students should be developed through multiple channels, which would improve the reproductive health knowledge cognition of female college students and promote the formation of good health care behavior.

Preparation of Baoyuan Chewable Tablets and Evaluation of Its Anti-fatigue Effect / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo screen the preparation technology of Baoyuan chewable tablets and to preliminarily elucidate its anti-fatigue effect and mechanism. MethodTaking encapsulation rate of volatile oil， extract rate and extraction rate of active ingredients as indexes， single factor test and orthogonal test were used to optimize the volatile oil inclusion， aqueous decoction and formulation molding processes of Baoyuan chewable tablets. ICR rats were randomly divided into the blank group， model group， Gaoshan Hongjingtian oral liquids group（6.01 mL·kg-1） and and Baoyuan chewable tablets low， medium， and high dose groups（2.1， 4.2， 8.4 g·kg-1）， 8 mice in each group， and were administered by gastric gavage at the corresponding dose once a day， the blank and model groups were given equal volume of saline for 15 d. After the last administration for 30 min， the mice were loaded with 5% of the body mass of lead at the tail and swam until exhaustion to establish the fatigue model， and the weighted swimming time of the mice in each group was recorded， meanwhile， the muscle tissues of the mice were sliced， stained by hematoxylin-eosin（HE） and subjected to pathological observation， and the levels of blood urea nitrogen（BUN）， lactic acid（LA）， liver glycogen（LG）， activities of lactate dehydrogenase（LDH） and creatine kinase（CK） in the serum were determined. ResultThe optimal inclusion process of cinnamon oil in Baoyuan chewable tablets was 10∶1 for β-cyclodextrin-volatile oil， and inclusion at 50 ℃ for 2 h with saturated aqueous solution method. The optimal water extraction process was to extract twice， adding 10 times of water to extract for 50 min for the first time， and adding 9 times of water to extract for 40 min for the second time. The ratio of the extract of Baoyuan chewable tablets with microcrystalline cellulose， maltodextrin， mannitol， citric acid， magnesium stearate was 63∶13∶8∶17∶17∶1∶1， the tablets were pressed by wet granulation， the each tablet weight was 1.2 g， and the hardness was 60-80 N. Compared with the model group， Baoyuan chewable tablets low， medium， and high dose groups could significantly prolong the exhaustion time of mice in weight bearing swimming（P<0.05， P<0.01）， and improve the exercise endurance of the body， and the results of HE staining showed that all dose groups of Baoyuan chewable tablets could significantly improve the muscle tissue damage caused by exercise， significantly reduce the levels of BUN， LA and the activities of LDH and CK in serum（P<0.01）， and significantly increase the content of LG（P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionThe optimized preparation process of Baoyuan chewable tablets is stable and feasible， and the preparation can improve exercise endurance by increasing the LG level in liver tissue， and relieve muscle soreness by accelerating the removal of LA from the body， and reduce CK and LDH activities to exert anti-fatigue effects.

Application of business contract audit in the management of multi-campus hospitals / 中华医院管理杂志

With business activities expanding and number of business contracts growing, the management of multi-campus hospitals is faced with constantly escalating requirements for risk prevention and control within the hospital. Being an important part of hospital internal management, the internal audit plays an irreplaceable role in the high-quality development of hospitals. The authors elaborated on the value of business contract audit in the management of multi-campus hospitals from three dimensions of internal control, risk management and hospital added value, introduced the practices by the Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine in the management of its multi-campus management since 2018, by adopting the strategy of architecture integration, rule homogenization, process standardization, and vertical supervision, and put forward suggestions from three aspects, including the practical difficulties in the participation process, the dynamic adjustment of role positioning, and the development of better integrating business contract auditing into multi-campus hospital management.

Study on the correlation between triglyceride glucose index and severe hypertriglyceridemic pancreatitis / 中华消化杂志

Objective:To investigate the correlation between triglyceride glucose (TyG) index and severe hypertriglyceridemic pancreatitis (HTGP), and to provide assistance for early evaluation and clinical decision-making of HTGP.Methods:From January 2016 to December 2021, the clinical data of 770 patients diagnosed with HTGP at Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine were retrospectively collected. According to severity of pancreatitis, the patients were divided into mild acute pancreatitis (MAP), moderate severe acute pancreatitis (MSAP) and severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) groups, and the differences in TyG index among the 3 groups was compared. According to the quartile range of the TyG index, the patients were divided into TyG Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 groups, and the distribution of severity of pancreatitis in each TyG index quartile group was calculated. Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for statistical analysis. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between TyG index quartile range and the severity of pancreatitis. Linear trend chi-square test was used to analyze the trend of SAP incidence among groups. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between TyG index quartile range and the risk of SAP, and the trend test was also conducted. Results:A total of 770 patients with HTGP were included, among them 330 (42.9%), 268 (34.8%) and 172 (22.3%) were MAP, MSAP and SAP, respectively. The TyG indices of MAP, MSAP and SAP group were 11.8(11.3, 12.4), 12.5(11.9, 13.2) and 12.7(12.1, 13.4), respectively, and the differences among the 3 groups were statistically significant ( H=121.77, P<0.001). The TyG index was 12.21 (11.57, 12.94) in the 770 patients. There were 192, 193, 193 and 192 patients enrolled in TyG Q1(TyG index <11.57)、 Q2(TyG index ranged from 11.57 to <12.21)、 Q3(TyG index ranged from 12.21 to <12.94) and Q4(TyG index≥12.94) group, respectively.The correlation test showed that the difference between TyG quartile range and the severity of pancreatitis was statistically significant ( ρ=0.372, P<0.001). The incidence of SAP in TyG Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 group was 10.9%(21/192), 14.5%(28/193), 27.5%(53/193) and 36.5%(70/192), respectively. The trend test of SAP incidence among the TyG gruops was statistically significant ( χ2 =44.33, P<0.001). After adjusting for confounding factors, taking the TyG Q1 group as a reference, the OR values of SAP risk (95% confidence interval) of the TyG Q2, Q3 and Q4 groups were 1.250 (0.619 to 2.524), 2.882 (1.506 to 5.514) and 6.660 (3.456 to 12.836), respectively, and the trend test of SAP risk showed a significant difference ( OR=2.508, 95%confidence interval 1.883 to 3.341, P<0.001). Conclusions:There is a correlation between TyG index and severity of pancreatitis in patients with HTGP. As the TyG index increases, the risk of SAP increases in HTGP patients. TyG index may be an early predictor of severe HTGP.

Prevalence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae among children undergoing physical examination / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae ( Mp) in children undergoing physical examination. Methods:This study randomly enrolled 1 303 children at the age of 6-12 years who underwent physical examination in 2023. Their oral and pharyngeal swabs as well as venous blood samples were collected. The prevalence of Mp in these subjects was detected using isolation and culturing, nucleic acid detection and serological test. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Results:Among the 1 303 children, the detection rate of Mp was 4.1% (53/1 303) by culturing, 7.3% (95/1 303) by nucleic acid detection and 13.6% (177/1 303) by serological test. Statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences in the the detection rates of Mp among children undergoing physical examination between the three methods ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The detection rate of Mp in children undergoing physical examination in 2023 was about 4.1%. Isolation and culturing was more accurate than nucleic acid detection and serological test in the detection of Mp in healthy population as the latter two methods would overestimate the rate.

COVID-19 vaccination status and its impact on psoriatic lesions in patients with psoriasis treated with biologics: a single-center cross-sectional study / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To investigate COVID-19 vaccination status and relevant adverse reactions in patients with psoriasis treated with biological agents, and to explore the effect of COVID-19 vaccination on psoriatic lesions.Methods:Clinical data were collected from 572 psoriasis patients aged 18 - 60 years, who were registered in the management system of psoriasis patients treated with biological agents in the University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital from May 2019 to June 2021. The COVID-19 vaccination status was investigated by telephone interviews, and the vaccination-related information was obtained by fixed healthcare workers during a fixed time period according to a predesigned questionnaire. Measurement data were compared between two groups by using t test, and enumeration data were compared by using chi-square test or Fisher′s exact test. Results:The COVID-19 vaccination coverage rate was 43.13% (226 cases) among the 524 patients who completed the telephone interview, and was significantly lower in the biological agent treatment group (30.79%, 105/341) than in the traditional drug treatment group (66.12%, 121/183; χ2 = 60.60, P < 0.001) . The main reason for not being vaccinated was patients′ fear of vaccine safety (49.66%, 148/298) , followed by doctors′ not recommending (26.51%, 79/298) . In the biological agent treatment group after vaccination, the exacerbation of psoriatic lesions was more common in patients receiving prolonged-interval treatment (42.86%, 6/14) compared with those receiving regular treatment (4.40%, 4/91; Fisher′s exact test, P < 0.001) . Skin lesions were severely aggravated in two patients after COVID-19 vaccination, who ever experienced allergic reactions and whose skin lesions did not completely subside after the treatment with biological agents. Conclusions:The COVID-19 vaccination coverage rate was relatively low in the psoriasis patients treated with biological agents, and no serious adverse reaction was observed after vaccination. Prolonged-interval treatment due to COVID-19 vaccination ran the risk of exacerbation of skin lesions.

Paeoniflorin ameliorates diabetic cognitive dysfunction by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB signaling in ovariectomized mice / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of paeoniflorin on toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/nuclear transcription factor(NF-κB) signaling pathway of streptozotocin combined with ovariectomized mice, and to explore whether it can improve the cognitive impairment of ovariectomized diabetic mice.Methods:Ninety female C57BL/6J mice were divided into SHAM group, ovariectomy group, diabetes group(intraperitoneal injection of STZ 50 mg·kg -1·d -1 for 5 consecutive days), dual model group(DM modeling and OVX operation), paeoniflorin low-dose intervention group(OVX+ STZ+ L-PF 50 mg·kg -1·d -1), paeoniflorin high-dose intervention group(OVX+ STZ+ H-PF 100 mg·kg -1·d -1; all groups n=15). After 8 weeks of paeoniflorin intervention, their cognitive function was tested by behavioral experiments(Morris water maze and Y maze). The pathological changes of hippocampal tissue were observed by HE and Nissl staining. The mRNA expressions of TLR4, tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-1β(IL-1β) and interleukin-6(IL-6) in hippocampal tissues were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. The expression of TLR4, NF-κB P65, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, β-amyloid protein(Aβ), tau proteins, and p-tau proteins were detected by Western blot. Results:Compared with SHAM group, the learning and memory ability of ovariectomy group, diabetes group and dual model group decreased, hippocampal cells were damaged, and the expression of related gene mRNA and protein were increased, especially in dual model group; Compared with dual model group, paeoniflorin intervention could delayed the learning and memory impairment, improve cognitive function, reduce the degree of hippocampal injury, and decrease the expression levels of related gene mRNA and protein, The above changes were the most pronounced at paeoniflorin high-dose intervention group.Conclusion:Paeoniflorin improves cognitive dysfunction in ovariectomized diabetic mice by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Effect of autophagic core protein Atg101 on adipocyte senescence / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of autophagy related gene Atg101 on white adipocyte senescence.Methods:An Atg101 knockdown model of 3T3-L1 mature adipocytes was constructed to probe the effect of Atg101 on autophagy-related proteins LC3 and p62 protein. The RNA-seq database of human subcutaneous adipose tissue was constructed and analyzed, and the co-expressed gene set was predicted based on the pearson correlation coefficient( R2>0.4, P<0.05) between FPKM values of Atg101 and other gene, followed by KEGG and Reactome enrichment analysis. Young mouse(8 weeks old) and old mouse(18 months old) models were established, and the expression levels of Atg101 in inguinal white adipose tissue and epididymal white adipose tissue were detected by quantitative real-time PCR(RT-qPCR) and Western blot. Furthermore, the differences in white adipocyte senescence-associated secretory phenotype(SASP), cell cycle and mitochondrial homeostasis-related genes were detected by RNA-seq, Western blot, and RT-qPCR to analyze the effects of Atg101 silencing on adipocyte senescence. Results:The autophagy-related protein LC3-Ⅱ expression was significantly decreased and p62 protein was induced after Atg101 was knockdowned in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, suggesting impaired cell autophagy. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that Atg101 co-expressed gene set was mainly enriched in autophagy and senescence-related pathways; Reactome enrichment analysis revealed that this gene set was associated with multiple cell cycle signaling pathways. RT-qPCR and Western blot confirmed that both mRNA and protein levels of Atg101 were down-regulated in inguinal white adipose tissue of aging mice, and protein levels in epididymal white adipose tissue were also significantly reduced. Finally, it was further confirmed that SASP-related genes were induced after Atg101 knockdown in white adipocytes, and cell cycle-specific gene expression was restricted and cytokine-dependent protein kinase inhibitors p16 and p21 expressions were significantly increased, while mitochondrial homeostasis regulatory genes were also suppressed.Conclusions:Knockdown of Atg101 may regulate white adipocyte senescence by inhibiting autophagic activity, presenting impaired mitochondrial homeostasis.

Galloway-Mowat Syndrome in an infant caused by OSGEP gene mutation: a case report and literature review / 中国新生儿科杂志

Objective:To summarize the clinical features and pathogenic gene mutation of Galloway-Mowat syndrome (GAMOS).Methods:We retrospectively collected the medical history, physical signs, laboratory findings, imaging, and molecular data of GAMOS in an infant diagnosed at the department of Pediatrics of Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen university. Relevant literature up to December 2021, retrieved from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP, Wanfang and the Chinese Medical Journal Full Text database with the terms of "Galloway-Mowat syndrome", "infant", "WDR73", "LAGE3", "OSGEP", "TP53RK" and "TPRKB".Results:The male infant with dysmorphic facial features and microcephaly at birth gradually displayed growth restriction and developmental delay. He was admitted to hospital at 3 months and 1 day due to "tachypnea for a half day", and suffered from severe pneumonia, urinary tract infection, nephrotic syndrome, repetitive convulsion, septic shock, disseminated intravascular coagulation, acute renal damage and multiple organ failure during hospitalization. He died when his family had given up treatment. Whole exome sequencing revealed a homozygous mutation c.740G>A (p.Arg247Gln) in the OSGEP gene and both of his parents were heterozygous variation carriers. In the total 14 publications (13 were in English and only 1 in Chinese) that were retrieved, with 78 patients from 58 pedigrees. Together with the index case, there were 79 patients in total. The main clinical manifestations were craniofacial and skeletal dysmorphism, as well as nervous system, renal and eye impairment. Obstetric problems were detected in 15 cases (19.0%), including intrauterine growth restriction, microcephaly, oligohydramnios and fetal distress in utero. 49 cases (62.0%) died when reported. The genetic cause of GAMOS had been reported in 79 patients: OSGEP in 36 (45.6%), WDR73 in 29 (36.7%), TP53RK in 7(8.9%), LAGE3 in 5 (6.3%), and TPRKB in 2(2.5%).Conclusions:The main clinical manifestations of GAMOS were craniofacial and skeletal dysmorphism, development delay, leukoencephalopathy, myelination defect, proteinuria and nephrotic syndrome, and associated with poor prognosis. Prenatal findings may be useful for an early diagnosis.