Huanglian Jiedutang Regulates HIF-1α/VEGF Signaling Pathway to Improve Learning and Memory Abilities of APP/PS1 Transgenic Mice / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo reveal the effects of Huanglian Jiedutang （HLJDT） on the learning and memory abilities of APP/PS1 transgenic mice via hypoxia-inducible factor-1α （HIF-1α）/vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） signaling pathway. MethodForty 5-month-old β-amyloid precursor protein （APP）/presenilin 1（PS1） mice were randomized into the model， donepezil （0.001 g·kg-1·d-1）， and low-， medium-， and high-dose （1.5， 3， 6 g·kg-1·d-1， respectively） HLJDT groups， and 8 C57BL/6 mice were taken as the normal group. After 45 days of continuous administration， Morris water maze test was conducted， and the organ indexes were calculated. The morphological structure of cerebral vascular endothelial cells in mice was observed under a transmission electron microscope. Western blot was employed to measure the protein levels of APP， HIF-1α， VEGF，VEGFA， and brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） in the hippocampus. The mRNA levels of APP， HIF-1α， and VEGF were determined by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）. ResultCompared with the normal group， the model group showed prolonged escape latency （P<0.05）， reduced distance and time around the target platform （P<0.05）， decrease brain and spleen indexes （P<0.05）， vascular endothelial cells with karyopyknosis and not abundant cytoplasm， up-regulated protein levels of APP， HIF-1α， VEGF， and VEGFA （P<0.05）， down-regulated protein level of BDNF （P<0.05）， and up-regulated mRNA levels of APP， HIF-1α， and VEGF （P<0.05） in the hippocampus. Compared with the model group， high-dose HLJDT shortened the escape latency （P<0.05）， increased the distance and time around the target platform （P<0.05）， raised the brain and spleen indexes （P<0.05）， repaired the organelles of vascular endothelial cells， down-regulated the protein levels of APP， HIF-1α， VEGF， and VEGFA （P<0.05）， up-regulated the protein level of BDNF （P<0.05）， and down-regulated the mRNA levels of APP， HIF-1α， and VEGF （P<0.05） in the hippocampus. ConclusionHLJDT can improve the learning and memory abilities of mice by reducing the expression of HIF-1α and VEGF， thus protecting the nerves.

Influenza-like illnesses and their etiological characteristics in Minhang District of Shanghai during 2010 to 2021 / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective:To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of influenza-like illnesses (ILI) and the etiological characteristics of influenza viruses in Minhang District of Shanghai from 2010 to 2021.Methods:The surveillance data collected by influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals and the influenza laboratory network from the first week of 2010 to the 52 nd week of 2021 were used for a statistical analysis. Results:A total of 122 903 cases with ILI were reported by the national influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals in Minhang during 2010 to 2021, and the average percentage of ILI cases was 0.94%, showing an increasing trend ( P<0.001). Among them, those aged 0-4, 5-14, 15-24, 25-59 and ≥60 years accounted for 4.35%, 13.30%, 14.30%, 54.32% and 13.73%, respectively. The percentage of ILI showed obvious periodicity. The seasonal incidence of ILI peaked from December to February and from July to September. But the winter peak at the beginning of 2013 was postponed. There was no significant peak in 2021. A total of 11 625 samples were tested from 2010 to 2021, in which the detection rate of influenza viruses was 20.92% (2 432/11 625). The positive rate was 12.83% (1 492/11 625) for influenza A viruses and 8.09% (940/11 625) for influenza B viruses, indicating that the epidemic intensity caused by influenza A viruses was greater than that caused by influenza B viruses. The overall positive rates for influenza A/H3N2 virus, influenza A/H1N1 virus, influenza B/Victoria lineage and influenza B/Yamagata lineage were 9.04% (1 051/11 625), 3.79% (441/11 625), 2.69% (313/11 625) and 2.19% (255/11 625) during 2010 to 2021. The predominant circulating strains altered between influenza A and influenza B viruses in Minhang District of Shanghai during 2010 to 2019. It generally took six months for an epidemic strain to be replaced by a new one. No obvious regularity was observed in 2020 or 2021. The tendency of the incidence of ILI reported from 2010 to 2019 was basically the same as that of the positive rate of influenza viruses, while there were significant differences in 2020 and 2021. Conclusions:Influenza viruses circulated seasonally in Minhang District of Shanghai with alternating prevalent viral subtypes and the infections mostly occurred in the winter and summer seasons. During the epidemic of COVID-19, the intensity of influenza was decreased, but with the normalization of prevention and control measures, the influenza epidemic showed an obvious upward trend. Therefore, it was important to strengthen the prevention and monitoring of influenza and analyze the virus variations in time.

Monitoring microwave ablation using ultrasound backscatter homodyned K imaging: Comparison of estimators / 生物医学工程学杂志

The feasibility of ultrasound backscatter homodyned K model parametric imaging (termed homodyned K imaging) to monitor coagulation zone during microwave ablation was investigated. Two recent estimators for the homodyned K model parameter, RSK (the estimation method based on the signal-to-noise ratio, the skewness, and the kurtosis of the amplitude envelope of ultrasound) and XU (the estimation method based on the first moment of the intensity of ultrasound,

Determination of Main Components and Related Substances in Phenzolzine Capsules by HPLC / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To establish a method for content determination of main components and its related substances in Phenzolzine capsules. METHODS： HPLC method was adopted for content determination of main components. The contents of related substance （known impurity 1， known impurity 2， total impurity） were calculated with principle component self-control method. The determination was performed on Inertsil ODS-2 C18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-water （55 ∶ 45， V/V）at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 223 nm， and column temperature was 25 ℃. The sample size was 20 μL. RESULTS： The main component phenzolzine and other impurity peaks were well separated. The liner range of phenzolzine was 20.04-60.12 μg/mL （r＝1.000 0）. RSDs of precision， stability （24 h） and reproducibility tests were all ≤0.5％ （n＝6）. Average recovery was 97.50％ （RSD＝0.36％， n＝3）. The detection limit and quantification limit of phenzolzine were 0.91 ng and 3.04 ng. In 3 batches of samples， average value of phenzolzine， known impurity 1， known impurity 2 and total impurity were 106.68％， 0.002 1％， 0.044 0％ and 0.046 2％， respectively. CONCLUSIONS： Established method is simple， specific， sensitive and accurate for content determination of main component and related substance in Phenzolzine capsules. It is suitable for quality control of Phenzolzine capsules.

Molecular epidemiological characteristics of Streptococcus pyogenes causing scarlet fever and angina in children / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the antimicrobial resistance, macrolide-resistance genes, virulence genes and emm types in Streptococcus pyogenes isolates.@*Methods@#A total of 247 oropharyngeal swab specimens were collected from pediatric outpatients (aged 2-11 years) who were clinically diagnosed as scarlet fever in Children′s Hospital of Fudan University from January to December, 2018. These specimens were timely sent to the Microbiology Laboratory for isolation and identification of Streptococcus pyogenes strains were isolate after culturing and identified with bacitracin susceptibility test. Moreover, the diameter of bacitracin inhibition zone was measured by vernier caliper. Their susceptibility to seven antibiotics, including erythromycin, clarithromycin, clindamycin, ampicillin, ceftriaxone, norfloxacin and chloramphenicol, were measured using KB method. Macrolide-resistance genes (mefA, ermA, ermB and Tn916 transposon) and virulence genes (speA, speB, speC, speG, speH, speI, speJ and speK) were detected by PCR. Amplification and sequencing of emm gene were conducted according to the protocol in the website of Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).@*Results@#A total of 86 strains of Streptococcus pyogenes were isolated from the 247 specimens. Their resistance rates to erythromycin, clarithromycin and clindamycin were 89.5%, 95.3% and 96.5%, respectively. However, these isolates showed high susceptibility to ampicillin (100.0%), ceftriaxone (100.0%), norfloxacin (90.7%) and chloramphenicol (95.3%). The positive rates of mefA, ermA, ermB and Tn916 genes were 20.9%, 24.4%, 98.8% and 97.7%. There was significant difference in the mefA-carrying rates between patients with scarlet fever and angina. The positive rates of virulence genes of speA, speB, speC, speG, speH, speI, speJ, speK, speL and speM were 8.1%, 100.0%, 95.3%, 100.0%, 80.2%, 90.7%, 10.5%, 100.0%, 5.8% and 5.8%. Seven emm types were identified and the predominant types were emm12.0 (75.6%), emm12.19 (9.3%) and emm1.0 (8.1%). The diameter of bacitracin inhibition zone was smaller in isolates of emm1.0 type than in emm12.0 type strains. The profile of virulence genes varied in the strains of different emm types. All types of strains carried speB, speG and speK genes. The isolates of emm1.0 type carried speA virulence gene, while speB, speC, speG, speH, speI and speK genes were more often identified in emm12.0 type isolates.@*Conclusions@#This study showed that emm types were associated with the profile of virulence genes and the diameter of bacitracin inhibition zone. It was recommended that the diameter of bacitracin inhibition zone should be measured in bacitracin inhibition susceptibility test apart from only observing the formation of inhibition zone.

Application of minimally invasive poking reduction technique in the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of minimally invasive poking reduction technique in the treatment of single segment thoracolumbar fractures without neural impairment.Methods From February 2011 to June 2015,83 cases of thoracolumbar fractures without neural impairment underwent minimally invasive pedicle screw fixation in Linyi Central Hospital were selected and randomly divided into two groups.Group A (40 cases) was treated with poking reduction technique by percutaneous polyaxial pedical screw fixation,43 patients in group B were treated with only percutaneous polyaxial pedicle screw fixation.The perioperative index,pre-and postoperative radiography,relief of the low back pain and general health status of the two groups were recorded and compared.Results There were no statistically significant differences in the operation time,operative blood loss,hospitalization time.All patients were followed up for 20-27months (average 24 months),the scores of visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry disablity index(ODI) had no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the same period(all P ＞ 0.05).Before operation,the Cobb angle,sagittal index and anterior height of the fracture vertebral body in group A were (66.3 ± 14.2) ％,(20.4 ± 6.5) °,(21.9 ± 6.6) °,respectively,which in group B were (64.8 ± 13.5) ％,(14.5 ± 7.7) °,(15.6 ± 5.9) °,respectively,the differences were not statistically significant (all P ＞ 0.05).After operation,the Cobb angle,sagittal index and anterior height of the fracture vertebral body in group A were (93.8 ± 9.8)％,(5.3 ± 3.3) °,(5.4 ± 2.0) °,respectively,which in group B were (88.0 ± 10.6) ％,(4.1 ± 2.8) °,(8.1 ± 4.7) °,respectively,the differences were statistically significant (t =8.893,2.345,3.351,all P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The effect of poking reduction technique by percutaneous polyaxial pedical screw fixation is better than simply polyaxial pedicle screw in the treatment of thoracolumbar fracture,which is a safe and effective operation method.

Exploration and practice of comprehensive experiment teaching in undergraduate preventive medicine / 中华医学教育探索杂志

This study started with the comprehensive experimental research and practice of pre-ventive medicine. Taking the school of public health of China Medical University as an example, this paper introduced the ideas, principles, and experience of reform and implementation of comprehensive experimen-tal teaching. The methods of comprehensive experiments construction and implementation were introduced, such as subjects, application, basic training, implementation, writing, replying and score. In addition, the comprehensive experimental topics (such as classic experiment, new technology experiment, interesting ex-periment and fund project experiment et al), and basic training (such as literature searching, epidemiology and statistical analysis, laboratory safety and quality of experimental data, network sharing et al) were pre-sented in detail. It gave the evaluation that the comprehensive experimental teaching played an important role in the process of improving the quality of teaching and formed a unique preventive medicine experi-mental teaching system and talent training mode.

Effect of leucosonurn combined psychological intervention on workers exposing benzene / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To explore the effect of combined use of schizophrenia combined with psychological intervention on benzene exposure to workers. Methods A total of 106 workers were randomly divided into observation group and control group. The 106 workers were randomly divided into observation group and control group. The workers were randomly divided into observation group and control group. 53 patients were given the observation group combined with the psychological intervention, given the control group placebo, 3 months after the intervention to compare the two groups of workers blood parameters, oxidation-antioxidant indicators and genetic damage indicators. Results The WBC and PLT were significantly increased after treatment (P<0.05 or P<0.01), while MDA and MN were significantly decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion Leucosonurn has some protective effects on blood system damage, oxidative damage and cytogenetic damage caused by exposure to benzene, and the combination of psychological intervention is beneficial to the early prevention of benzene poisoning.

An outbreak of suspected Acinetobacter baumannii infection in a general intensive care unit / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of a healthcare-associated infection(HAI) outbreak due to multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (AB) in an intensive care unit(ICU), and provide basis for the prevention and control of HAI.Methods Epidemiological investigation and environmental hygiene monitoring methods were adopted to investigate patients who had pulmonary infection after they were admitted to the ICU of a hospital in April 1-26, 2015, risk factors were analyzed and corresponding preventive control measures were taken.Results A total of 15 cases of extensively drug-resistant AB(XDR-AB) healthcare-associated lower respiratory tract infection occurred.15 strains of AB were isolated from 15 patients.No.1, 3, 4, 5, No.6, 7, 8, 9, and No.10, 11 patients were detected AB with the same antimicrobial susceptibility testing results respectively;occurrence time of infection was relatively centralized.A total of 43 specimens from environmental surface and hands of health care workers(HCWs) were collected, detection rates of AB from bedside cabinet, monitor button, and hands of HCWs were 100.00%(1/1), 75.00%(6/8), and 66.67%(4/6)respectively.AB were not detected from specimens of treatment table, infusion pump button, and doctors' nasal swabs.By late May 2015, there were no new such cases in ICU.Conclusion This AB HAI may be spread through environmental surface and hands of HCWs in ICU, AB isolated from patients is extensively antimicrobial resistant, active treatment of patients and strict disinfection and isolation measures can effectively control further prevalence.

Intervention effect of antimicrobial prophylaxis in patients undergoing craniotomy for tumor resection / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of multidisciplinary intervention on antimicrobial prophylaxis in neurosurgical patients undergoing craniotomy for tumor resection.Methods By standardizing preoperative disinfection and surgical procedures, training and education of antimicrobial use, conducting quality control activities, and performing periodic feedback of supervised results, efficacy of improvement of antimicrobial prophylaxis in neurosurgical patients undergoing craniotomy for tumor resection in a hospital was observed.Results In 2013 and 2014, incidences of surgical site infection(SSI) were 7.66%(17/222)and 6.80%(27/397) respectively,there was no significant difference between two groups(X2 =0.158,P>0.05).Prophylactic use of antimicrobial agents in surgical patients were as follows: cefuroxime(n=495), cefazolin(n=103), cefathiamidine(n=9), clindamycin(n=8), and cefotaxime(n=4), types of used antimicrobial agents were rational.In 2014, the implementation rate of necessary intra-operative antimicrobial adding was 95.02%, which was higher than 87.66% in 2013(X2=7.969,P48 hours, which was lower than 57.66% in 2013, difference was significant(X2=42.88,P<0.05).Conclusion Multi-intervention measures, including standard preoperative disinfection and surgical procedures, education and training, quality control circle, and feedback of supervised results can improve standard antimicrobial prophylaxis in neurosurgical patients undergoing craniotomy for tumor resection.

Effect of comprehensive intervention on antimicrobial prophylaxis in clean incision surgery / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of comprehensive intervention on perioperative antimicrobial prophy-laxis in clean incision surgery in a hospital.Methods From 2011 ,clean incision surgery cases were performed com-prehensive intervention,antimicrobial use in 2011 -2013 were compared.Results A total of 5 945 cases of clean in-cision surgeries were investigated between 2011 and 2013,3 827 cases (64.37%)received prophylactic use of anti-microbial agents.Prophylactic antimicrobial usage rates in 2011 -2013 were 84.95%,69.99%,and 52.97% re-spectively(χ2 =380.94,P <0.001);the correct rates of medication time were 50.97%,79.99%,and 98.95% re-spectively(χ2 =827.02,P <0.001 );the percentages of prophylactic antimicrobial use ≤24 hours were 24.91 %, 39.96%,and 64.95% respectively(χ2 =422.55,P <0.001 );additional antimicrobial usage rates during surgery were 50.00%,60.00%,and 80.00% respectively(χ2 =59.47,P <0.001 ).Conclusion The implementation of comprehensive intervention measures can standardize antimicrobial use,reduce prophylactic antimicrobial usage rate,improve the correct rate of medication time,shorten the duration of antimicrobial use,and implement addition-al use of antimicrobial agents during surgery.

Research on demand analysis and implementation of hospital consultation management information system / 中国医学装备

Objective:To meet the requirements of hospital consultation management, promote the hospital consultation work in order to make the hospital a huge consultation data processing becomes simple, reduce the burden of management personnel and medical personnel management information system.Methods: Through the on-site investigation to collect the needs of the management personnel and the clinical front-line personnel, visit the application of other hospitals, and combine with the actual work, the development of suitable for hospital consultation management information system, the consultation for effective management and monitoring.Results: Based on the analysis of the needs of all kinds of personnel and consultation management information system, the basic function of the consultation management information system is realized.Conclusion: The realization of the consultation management information system can meet the needs of all kinds of people in the process of hospital consultation management, so as to meet the high efficiency management of hospital consultation, so as to improve the level of hospital information resource utilization.

Application of case discussion and process evaluation into nursing teaching of hypertensive disorders during pregnancy / 现代临床护理

Objective To explore the effect of case discussion and process evaluation on the teaching of obstetric and gynecological nursing. Methods In April 2014, case discussion and process evaluation were used in the teaching of hypertensive disorders during pregnancy for 50 undergraduate students recruited in 2011. Group tests were used to evaluate the learning outcomes. Results The score of the 50 students ranged from 50 to 100, with the mean score of 83.6 ± 11.2 for the individual test. By group test, the score ranged from 64 to 88,with the mean score of 78.5 ± 8.8, 87.8% to 95.9% of the students were satisfied with this teaching method. Conclusions Case discussion and process evaluation can improve the teachers′competence, enrich the contents of teaching. It is effective to cultivate the students′critical thinking and competence in using knowledge to solve the clinical problems.

Investigation on perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis in 1 304 cases of thyroid operation in Gansu Province / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To investigate perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis in thyroid operation at all levels of hospitals in a province.Methods From January 1 ,2011 to December 31 ,2013,all kinds of thyroid operation in a province were conducted targeted monitor,investigated results were analyzed.Results A total of 1 304 cases of thy-roid operation were investigated,1 294 (99.23%)were elective operation;duration of operation of 1 051 cases (80.60%)were ≤2 hours;antimicrobial use rate was 96.70%;196 patients (15.45%)were administered 30 mi-nutes before operation,887 patients (70.34%)used antimicrobial agents for >48 hours;19.53% of patients used the first generation cephalosporins and clindamycin.Conclusion There are some problems in antimicrobial use in thyroid operation in this province,such as inappropriate choice of antimicrobial agents,improper administration time,long time use of antimicrobial agents,and use antimicrobial agents without indications.Management of anti-microbial agents should be strengthened,so as to promote the rational use of antimicrobial agents.

Minimally invasive percutaneous pedicle screw fixation versus open surgery for thoracolumbar fracture:Cobb’s angle and vertebral height / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Open reduction and internal fixation cause big trauma and many complications. With the progression of minimal y invasive concept, percutaneous pedicle screw fixation gradual y showed its obvious superiority. ＜br> OBJECTIVE:To compare clinical outcomes of minimal y invasive percutaneous pedicle screw fixation versus open surgery in the treatment of thoracolumbar fracture. ＜br> METHODS:From October 2012 to January 2014, 50 cases of thoracolumbar fractures, including 25 cases in the minimal y invasive percutaneous pedicle screw fixation group and 25 cases in the open surgery group, were retrospectively analyzed. The differences in length of skin incision, intraoperative blood loss, operation time, postoperation hospital stay, and visual analog scale scores were compared. Serum creatine kinase activity and C-reactive protein levels were measured before surgery and at 24 and 48 hours after operation. Imaging results were used to observe vertebral height and kyphosis Cobb’s angle changes. ＜br> RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the open surgery group, the length of skin incision was smal er and intraoperative blood loss was less, operation time, bed time and hospital stay were shorter, and pain of the wound was lighter in the minimal y invasive group. No significant difference was found in serum creatine kinase activity and C-reactive protein levels between the two groups. Serum creatine kinase activity and C-reactive protein levels were higher at 24 and 48 hours after treatment compared with before treatment in both groups. Serum creatine kinase activity and C-reactive protein levels were higher in the open surgery group than in the minimal y invasive group at 24 and 48 hours. There were significant differences in vertebral height and kyphosis Cobb’s angle in both groups after treatment compared with before treatment (P＜0.01). No significant difference in vertebral height and kyphosis Cobb’s angle was detected between the two groups after treatment (P>0.05). Results indicated that minimal y invasive percutaneous pedicle screw fixation and open surgery in repair of thoracolumbar fractures had similar outcomes. However, the trauma of minimal y invasive percutaneous pedicle screw fixation was apparently less than open surgery.

Analysis of nutritional risk and nutritional support therapy in elderly hospitalized patients / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To investigate the prevalence of nutritional risk and nutrition support treatment in elderly hospitalized patients,and provide a basis for nutrient management in elderly hospitalized patients.Methods The Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002) were administered to 163 patients (74 cases in digestive system and 89 cases in endocrine system) in elderly hospitalized patients from November 2013 to March 2014.Results The prevalence of nutritional risk was higher than in the digestive system (60.8％) in the endocrine system (32.6％) (P＜0.05).Conclusions There is a high prevalence of nutritional risk in elderly wards,and the wards with lower prevalence of nutritional risk are more likely to lack of nutrition support treatment.Therefore,it is necessary to pay attention to nutritional risk and nutritional support treatment in departments with low prevalence of nutritional risk.

Induction effect of icotinib on apoptosis of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma ACC-M cells through p38-MAPK pathway / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective To explore the influence of icotinib in the apoptosis of the human salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma cells ACC-M, and to clarify the mechanism of icotinib for the treatment of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma.Methods The ACC-M cells were randomly divided into control group,2,4,8μmo1·L-1 icotinib groups,p38-MAPK inhibitor SB203580 (20μmol· L-1 )group,SB203580 (20 μmol· L-1 )+4μmo1 · L-1 icotinib group;the cells were collected 4 h after treatment.The viability of ACC-M cells was measured by MTT assay.The apoptosis of ACC-M cells was assessed by caspase-3 activity kit. The expression of p-p38-MAPK protein was determined by Western blotting analysis.Results Compared with control group,the inhibitory rates of growth of the ACC-M cells in icotinib groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05 ), and the activities of caspase-3 were increased (P<0.05),and the expression levels of p-p38-MAPK were significantly increased (P<0.05).Compared with 4μmo1·L-1 icotinib group,the expression level of p-p38-MAPK in SB203580+icotinib group were decreased (P < 0.05 ), and the activity of caspase-3 was decreased dramatically (P < 0.05 ). Conclusion Icotinib may induce the apoptosis of ACC-M cells through the activation of p38-MAPK signaling pathway.

Effects of sulindac on oxidative stress in an autistic model induced by pre-natal exposure to valproic acid / 中国病理生理杂志

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To investigate the effects of sulindac on oxidative stress in autism.METHODS:With an au-tistic model induced by prenatal exposure to valproic acid ( VPA) , we detected the expression of the signaling molecules of canonical Wnt pathway in the prefrontal cortex ( PFC) and hippocampus ( HC) of autistic rats treated with sulindac.The protein expression levels of glycogen synthase kinase 3β(GSK-3β), β-catenin and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) were ob-served by Western blotting.The mRNA expression of thioredoxin(Trx)1 and Trx2 was assessed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR.RESULTS:The protein level of GSK-3βand mRNA levels of Trx1 and Trx2 were lower, whereas the protein expres-sion levels ofβ-catenin and 4-HNE were higher in VPA group than those in control group.In contrast, the protein levels of GSK-3βwere significantly higher in the animals treated with both VPA and sulindac than those in VPA group, while the lev-els ofβ-catenin and 4-HNE were decreased.CONCLUSION:Sulindac attenuates oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of au-tism, suggesting the up-regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway disrupts oxidative homeostasis and further facili-tates susceptibility to autism.

Changes of canonical Wnt signaling pathway in brains of rats with autism induced by prenatal exposure to valproic acid / 中国病理生理杂志

[ABSTRACT]AIM:ToinvestigatetherolesofthecanonicalWntpathwayinautism.METHODS:Usinganau-tistic model induced by prenatal exposure to valproic acid ( VPA) , we detected the expression of the signaling molecules of the canonical Wnt pathway in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus formation (HF) of autistic rats.The expres-sion levels of glycogen synthase kinase 3β( GSK-3β) , phosphorylated GSK-3β, β-catenin and phosphorylated β-catenin were observed by Western blotting .The mRNA expression of GSK-3β, β-catenin, c-Myc and cyclin D1 was assessed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR.RESULTS:The results of Western blotting showed that inactivated GSK-3β(Ser9) phospho-rylation was significantly increased , and inhibitory β-catenin ( Ser33/37/Thr41 ) phosphorylation was obviously decreased compared with control group .The results of RT-PCR showed that the mRNA levels of β-catenin, c-Myc and cyclin D1 in-creased, and GSK-3βwas significantly enhanced in VPA-exposed rats compared with the controls .CONCLUSION: In-creased activity of canonical Wnt pathway in the PFC and HF of autistic rats may contribute to the susceptibility to autism .

Application of 3 .0 T magnetic resonance foot and ankle array coil for achilles tendon abnormalities / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To explore the image quality of 3.0 T Magnetic Resonance foot and ankle array coil on Achilles tendon ab-normalities for the clinical application.Methods 26 patients (with Achilles tendon symptoms)and 5 volunteers underwent MR exam-ination.The scanning sequences were used:T1 WI、PDWI、T2 WI-FS and STIR.Image diagnoses and clinical data of all patients were obtained and analyzed.Subjective scores on image quality were used.Degrees of comfort in coil were evaluated.Results 10 patients had Achilles tendon inj ury,6 patients with Achilles tendonitis,3 patients with part Achilles tendon rupture,1 patient with tendon xanthoma,and 6 patients were normal.Image scores in patients with T1 WI、PDWI and T2 WI-FS sequences were higher,the anatom-ic structures,lesions of whole Achilles tendon were clear.On the contrary,the lower scores were in STIR sequences.In the heel, images were distorted,the level of organization was disappeared and signal intensity was increased.The volunteers felt a slight dis-comfort at the coil entrance and support point of the heel.Conclusion Patients using 3.0T foot and ankle array coil for the Achilles tendon scanning could get high image quality and degrees of comfort.