Pharmaceutical care for a patient with rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To provide ideas for clinical diagnosis， treatment and pharmaceutical care of rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis （ROCM）. METHODS The diagnosis and treatment of 1 case of ROCM in which clinical pharmacists participated were analyzed. Combined with treatment guidelines， the actual situation of drug accessibility and economy， clinical pharmacists recommend amphotericin B colloidal dispersion in combination with posaconazole to treat fungal infections. The clinical efficacy， liver and kidney function and electrolytes were monitored. To increase the local concentration of amphotericin B deoxycholate （AmB-D）， clinical pharmacists assisted physicians in determining the dosage and formulation of AmB-D for intrathecal injection， intranasal and eye drops based on the results of blood and cerebrospinal fluid examinations. In response to the situation that the plasma trough concentration of posaconazole had not reached the target， clinical pharmacists recommended that Posaconazole oral suspension was replaced with Posaconazole enteric-coated tablets， and provided the patient with therapeutic drug monitoring （TDM）， individualized medication guidance， and long-term follow-up after discharge. RESULTS The clinician adopted the advice of the clinical pharmacists. After treatment， the patient was discharged from the hospital with medicine after her condition improved. CONCLUSIONS Clinical pharmacists develop individualized treatment protocols for ROCM patients by adjusting dose and dosage forms， providing medication monitoring and TDM to ensure the safety of drug use for patients.

Progress of the possible mechanism of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 affecting thyroid cancer via regulating autophagy / 肿瘤研究与临床

Thyroid cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the endocrine system, and the incidence is increasing year by year, which seriously threatens people's health. Autophagy is a programmed mode of death that can be used as a potential target for anti-tumor therapy and plays an important regulatory role. Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is a protein kinase encoded by PARK8 gene. The recent studies have confirmed that autophagy is closely related to thyroid cancer. This paper analyzes the possible regulatory mechanism of LRRK2 affecting thyroid cancer through autophagy, providing new ideas for basic research and clinical diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer.

Progress of long non-coding RNA DANCR in thyroid cancer / 肿瘤研究与临床

Thyroid cancer is the most common head and neck malignant tumor, and its incidence is increasing year by year. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the mechanism of the occurrence and development of thyroid cancer, and develop the diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets of thyroid cancer, so as to improve the curative effect of thyroid cancer and prolong the survival time of patients. The previous study has found that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) DANCR has abnormal high expression in thyroid cancer, which could promote the expression of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) by affecting miRNA-185-5p and transcription factor SMARCB1, and indirectly participate in autophagy and regulate the development of thyroid cancer. LncRNA DANCR is expected to become a new target for diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer. This paper introduces the possible regulatory mechanism of lncRNA DANCR in thyroid cancer, and provides new ideas for the basic research and clinical diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer.

The role of Erastin in ferroptosis / 肿瘤研究与临床

Ferroptosis is a newly discovered form of cell death in recent years. Its essence is the cell peroxidation death caused by the accumulation of intracellular lipid reactive oxygen species (L-ROS) in a iron-dependent manner. As a highly efficient ferroptosis inducer, Erastin mediates ferroptosis through multiple molecules, such as cystine-glutamate transport receptor, voltage-dependent anion channel and p53. More importantly, Erastin can enhance the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, so it can be used as a new type of anticancer drug. This article reviews the discovery of Erastin, the pathways of ferroptosis, the pathways of Erastin-induced ferroptosis, the anti-tumor characteristics of Erastin, and the latest domestic and international research results.

Progress of possible role of RP11-23J9.4-miRNA-15a-axis inhibiting factor 2-Wnt pathway in thyroid carcinoma / 肿瘤研究与临床

The occurrence of thyroid gland is easily affected by iodine deficiency, the enzyme defect, drugs, autoimmune and other factors. The increased incidence of thyroid cancer year by year has threatened the health of the human, which requires to study thyroid gland cancer invasion and metastasis, investigate the molecular mechanism of cancer metastasis, search the differential molecular expression gene, predict the metastatic biomarkers and the intervening treatment target molecule, in order to improve the cure rate and the survival rate. This paper reviews the possible role of long chain non-coding RP11-23J9.4-miRNA-15a-axis inhibiting factor 2-Wnt pathway in the occurrence, development and dedifferentiation of thyroid cancer.

Effects of MicroRNA-210 on growth and radiosensitivity of ovarian cancer cells / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To investigate the role of MicroRNA-210(miR-210)in the growth process of ovarian cancer cells and its relationship with radiosensitivity,and to elucidate the effect of miR-210 on the development and treatment of ovarian cancer the possible molecular mechanism.Methods:The human ovarian cancer OVCAR3 and SKOV3 cells were cultured in vitro,miR-210 mimic and anti miR-210 inhibitors were transfected into the human ovarian cancer cell lines OVCAR3 and SKOV3,respectively,by cell transfection,and identified by Real-time PCR method;miR-210 overexpression and low expression of ovarian cancer cell models were obtained.The two kinds of cells were divided into control group,miR-210 overexpression model group and miR-210 low expression model group,and the cell proliferation activity was detected by MTT.The cells in control group and miR-210 overexpression model group were irradiated with different doses(30,50,and 100 Gy)of ionizing radiation,and the cell proliferation activity in each group was detected by MTT method.Western blotting method was used to detect the expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins in the ovarian cancer cells exposed to 50 Gy radiation dose.All the experimental cells were cultured with three double holes and repeated three times.Results:Compared with control group,the proliferation activity of the cells in miR-210 overexpression ovarian cancer cells group was enhanced,and the proliferation activity of the cells in miR-210 low expression cells group was reduced(P<0.05).After ionizing radiation,the proliferation activity of ovarian cancer cells in miRNA-210 overexpression group was enhanced compared with control group(P<0.05);the expression levels of apoptosis-related protein BAX in OVCAR3 and SKOV3 cells were significantly decreased,while the expression level of BCL-2 were significantly increased. Conclusion:miR-210 can promote the growth of ovarian cancer cells,and reduce the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to radiation therapy by inhibiting the apoptosis.

Impacts on asthma at persistent stage and immune function in the patients treated with acupuncture for warming yang and benefiting qi / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the difference in clinical efficacy on bronchial asthma at chronic persistent stage between acupuncture for warming yang and benefiting qi and seretide.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and eighty patients of bronchial asthma at chronic persistent stage were randomized into an acupuncture group and a western medication group, 90 cases in each one. In the acupuncture group, acupuncture for warming yang and benefiting qi was applied at Dazhui (GV 14), Feishu (BL 13), Danzhong (CV 17), Dingchuan (EX-B 1), Jianshi (PC 5), Zhigou (TE 6), Taixi (KI 3) and Zusanli (ST 36), once every two days. In the western medication group, inhalation therapy with seretide was applied, 1 to 2 inhalations each time, twice a day. The treatment for 20 days was as one session in the two groups, at the intervals of 2 days after each session. Four sessions of treatment were required. The immune function indices were observed before and after treatment in the patients of two groups, named immunoglobulin IgG, IgM and IgE; peripheral T lymphocytes (CD3+), helper T lymphocytes (CD4+), inhibitory T lymphocytes (CD8+) and the ratio of CD4+ and CD8+; as well as the pulmonary ventilation function indices, named maximum pulmonary expiratory flow (PEF), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC). The clinical efficacy was compared between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total effective rate was 93.3% (84/90) in the acupuncture group, better than 88.9% (80/90) in the western medication group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the immune function indices and pulmonary ventilation function indices were apparently improved as compared with those before treatment in the two groups (all P < 0.05). The improvements in the acupuncture group were much more significant (all P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Acupuncture for warming yang and benefiting qi effectively controls the symptoms of bronchial asthma at chronic persistent stage and improves immune and pulmonary functions. The efficacy is better than that of seretide.</p>

Impacts on the life quality of the patients with allergic rhinitis treated with warming acupuncture in winter and summer / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the impacts on the life quality and the effect mechanism in the patients of allergic rhinitis (AR) treated with warm acupuncture in winter and summer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two hundred and forty patients of AR were randomized into a summer and winter acupuncture group, a non-summer and winter acupuncture group and a western medication group, 80 cases in each one. In the two acupuncture groups, Dazhui (GV 14), Fengmen (BL 12), Feishu (BL 13), Pishu (BL 20) and Shenshu (BL 23) were selected. In the summer and winter acupuncture group, the warm acupuncture started at the first day of the three periods of hot season and the first day of the third nine-day period after the winter solstice. The treatment was given once every two days, continuously for 15 times. Totally, 30 treatments were required a year. In the non-summer and winter acupuncture group, the warm acupuncture was applied out of the three periods of the hot season and the third nine-day period after the winter solstice. The treatment was given once every two days and 30 treatments for a year. In the western medication group, cetirizine was taken orally, continuously for 30 days as one session. In the three groups, the treatment for 1 year was taken as one session. The second session started in the next year. Totally, 2 sessions were required. The score of rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire (RQLQ) and the level of serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) were compared in the patients' of each group before treatment and in 1 and 2 sessions of treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After treatment, the scores of 7 domains, named activities, common complaints, practical problems, sleep, ocular symptoms, nasal symptoms and emotions were all improved as compared with those before treatment, in the patients of the three groups (all P < 0.05). After 2 sessions treatment, the results in the summer and winter acupuncture group were better than those in the other two groups (all P < 0.05), and the results in the non-summer and winter acupuncture group were better than those in the western medication group (all P < 0.05). After treatment, serum IgE level was lower averagely than that before treatment in the three groups (all P < 0.05). After 2 sessions treatment, the result in the summer and winter acupuncture group was lower than that in the other two groups (both P < 0.05), and the result in the non-summer and winter acupuncture group was lower than that in the western medication group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the total effective rate was 92.3% (72/78) in the summer and winter acupuncture group, better than 80.5% (62/77) in the non-summer and winter acupuncture group and 69.7% (53/76) in the western medication group (both P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The warm acupuncture in both summer and winter achieves the definite efficacy on AR and the effect mechanism is relevant with reducing serum IgE level.</p>