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Osteoporosis （OP） is a systemic metabolic bone disease characterized by bone microstructure degeneration and bone mass loss， which has a high prevalence and disability rate. Effective prevention and treatment of OP is a major difficulty in the medical community. The nature of OP is that multiple pathological factors lead to the imbalance of human bone homeostasis maintained by osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic cell death pathway， and its fundamental cause is cell damage caused by iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation. Studies have shown that ferroptosis is involved in and affects the occurrence and development of OP， which leads to OP by mediating the imbalance of bone homeostasis. Ferroptosis is an adjustable form of programmed cell death. The intervention of ferroptosis can regulate the damage degree and death process of osteoblasts and osteoclasts， which is beneficial to maintain bone homeostasis， slow down the development process of OP， improve the clinical symptoms of patients， reduce the risk of disability， and improve their quality of life. However， there are few studies on ferroptosis in OP. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） is a medical treasure with unique characteristics and great application value in China. It has been widely used in China and has a long history. It has the multi-target and multi-pathway advantages in the treatment of OP， with high safety， few toxic and side effects， and low treatment cost， and has a significant effect in clinical application. The intervention of TCM in ferroptosis to regulate bone homeostasis may be a new direction for the prevention and treatment of OP in the future. This article summarized the regulatory mechanisms related to ferroptosis， discussed the role of ferroptosis in bone homeostasis， and reviewed the current status and progress of active ingredients in TCM compounds and monomers in the regulation of OP through ferroptosis， so as to provide a theoretical basis for the participation of TCM in the prevention and treatment of OP in the future.
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As a common clinical disease, fracture is often accompanied by pain, swelling, bleeding as well as other symptoms and has a high disability rate, even threatening life, seriously endangering patients' physical and psychological health and quality of life. Medical practitioners take many strategies for the treatment of fracture healing, including Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). In the early stage of fracture healing, the local fracture is often in a state of hypoxia, accompanied by the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), which is beneficial to wound healing. Through literature mining, we thought that hypoxia, HIF-1α and downstream factors affected the mechanism of fracture healing, as well as dominated this process. Therefore, we reviewed the local characteristics and related signaling pathways involved in the fracture healing process and summarized the intervention of TCM on these mechanisms, in order to inspirit the new strategy for fracture healing, as well as elaborate on the possible principles of TCM in treating fractures based on the HIF molecular mechanism.
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Objective To determine the oral health， related knowledge and behavior of 12-year-old children in Guoluo Prefecture， Qinghai Province， and provide scientific evidence for policy-making of oral health programs. Methods Six counties were selected by using a multi-stage and stratified sampling strategy. Oral health examination and survey questionnaire were performed according to the instructions of the Fourth National Oral Epidemiology Study. The oral health examination included dental caries and periodontal status. The questionnaire investigated oral health knowledge and behavior. Results The prevalence of caries was 71.6% （288/402）and their DMFT was 2.04±1.90. Approximately 1.2% of deciduous teeth were filled. In the children， 81.3% （327/402） had teeth brush every day， while only 42.0% （169/402） brushed twice or more per day. Moreover， 10.2% （41/402） used fluoride toothpaste； in contrast， 62.2% （250/402） did not use toothpaste appropriately. In addition， the survey on dietary habits showed that 41.3% of the children consumed sweetened food once or more per day. Conclusion Oral health education should be further strengthened to promote oral health in children.
RESUMEN
Objective To determine the oral health， related knowledge and behavior of 12-year-old children in Guoluo Prefecture， Qinghai Province， and provide scientific evidence for policy-making of oral health programs. Methods Six counties were selected by using a multi-stage and stratified sampling strategy. Oral health examination and survey questionnaire were performed according to the instructions of the Fourth National Oral Epidemiology Study. The oral health examination included dental caries and periodontal status. The questionnaire investigated oral health knowledge and behavior. Results The prevalence of caries was 71.6% （288/402）and their DMFT was 2.04±1.90. Approximately 1.2% of deciduous teeth were filled. In the children， 81.3% （327/402） had teeth brush every day， while only 42.0% （169/402） brushed twice or more per day. Moreover， 10.2% （41/402） used fluoride toothpaste； in contrast， 62.2% （250/402） did not use toothpaste appropriately. In addition， the survey on dietary habits showed that 41.3% of the children consumed sweetened food once or more per day. Conclusion Oral health education should be further strengthened to promote oral health in children.
RESUMEN
Osteoporotic spinal fractures is a serious orthopedic chronic disease in the healthy elder people .Because of the complexity of its pathogenesis , there has no standard treatment scheme .In order to solve this problem , we review the mechanism of the disease etiology, imaging, treatment, prevention of osteoporotic spinal fractures to provide references for the further prevention and con -trol of this disease .
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Objective To observe the clinical effects of Huoxue Dingxuan Capsules on treatment of vertebral artery type of cervical spondylosis, and evaluate its efficacy and safety. Methods Totally 130 cases of vertebral artery type of cervical spondylosis were randomly assigned to treatment group and control group, and treated with Huoxue Dingxuan Capsules and Sibelium capsules respectively. Integration method was used to compare the differences of main symptoms and signs, the overall efficacy and safety were evaluated, and relapse after six months was followed up. Results Both groups had a significant effect on the improvement of signs and symptoms in vertebral artery type of cervical spondylosis, the total efficiency was 94.03%(63/67) in treatment group and 82.54% (52/63) in control group. The treatment group had a better effect on the overall efficacy and relieving symptoms and signs compared with the control group (P<0.01). The mean blood flow velocity had a significant change after treatment (P<0.05), and the treatment group was better than the control group (P<0.01). Within six months, the treatment group had 4 cases (6.34%) with mild recurrence of symptoms and signs, and the control group had 18 cases (34.61%), the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05), and no severe recurrence was found. The two groups showed no side effects. Conclusion Huoxue Dingxuan Capsules is safe and effective for treating vertebral artery type of cervical spondylosis, and the long-term efficacy and subjects’ compliance are better than oral Sibelium capsules.
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Sulfotransferase (SULT) enzymes play important roles in the biosynthesis of estrogen.These enzymes catalyze the sulfation of estrogens to form biologically inactive molecules. Several studies have shown that Arg213His polymorphism in SULT1A1 gene may be a risk factor for breast cancer. In addition, a low mRNA expression of SULT has been significantly associated with reduced recurrence and improved overall survival in patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive tumors. Furthermore, SULT may be a crucial factor in the response to tamoxifen treatment. As an important part of estrogen synthetic pathways, SULTs are closely re lated to breast cancer.
RESUMEN
This study was designed to investigate the effects of some Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) agents on bone resorption and morphometric features of osteoclasts as well as their relationships. TCM ShengGuZaiZaoSan and XianLingGuBao, were used to treat the experimental fracture. Thirty 6-month-old Chinchilla rabbits were used for the establishment of animal models each with a 3 mm bone defect in the middle of left radius as well as of right radius. These models were divided randomly into 3 groups : ShengGuZaiZaoSan Group (Group A), XianLingGuBao groups (Group B) and control-group (Group C). Every group was further divided into 2 subgroups: a former sacrificed group (14 days after operation) and a latter sacrificed group (31 days after operation). After the rabbits being killed, the samples of their undecalcified calli were subjected to the morphometry study of bone resorption and osteoclasts. Group A had more bone resorption, compared with Group B and C. Both Groups A and B exhibited some changed morphometric features of osteoclasts as compared with Group C (P < 0.05). Simple correlation analysis indicated that bone resorption is mainly correlated with osteoclast numbers, and that in individual group, bone resorption is correlated with osteoclast form factor, area and mean photodensity (P < 0.05). These allow us to conclude that ShengGuZaiZaoSan can increase bone resorption and accelerate bone remodeling by increasing osteoclast numbers at the former stage and can enhance osteoclast function at the latter stage. These changes are beneficial to fracture healing.