Bipedicled scrotal flaps combined with keystone-design perforator island flaps in repairing postoperative large-area defects in 6 male patients with extramammary Paget′s disease of the perineum / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To evaluate clinical efficacy of bipedicled scrotal flaps combined with keystone-design perforator island flaps in repairing postoperative large-area defects in male patients with extramammary Paget′s disease of the perineum.Methods:Clinical data were collected from 6 male patients with extramammary Paget′s disease of the perineum in Dermatology Hospital of Jiangxi Province from February 2018 to March 2019, and analyzed retrospectively. These patients were aged from 70 to 84 years (median, 77.5 years) , skin lesions involved the mons pubis, penis and scrotum, and the area of postoperative skin defects varied from 18 to 133 cm 2 (median, 96 cm 2) in size. In all the patients, mons pubis defects after tumor resection were repaired with abdominal keystone-design perforator island flaps, and scrotal and penile defects were repaired with bipedicled scrotal flaps using the remaining scrotal tissues. These patients were followed up at 1 and 3 months after surgery and every 3 months thereafter. Results:All the 6 patients were followed up for 3 - 36 months, with an average of 10 months. All flaps survived with a good color and texture match, and favorable function and appearance were achieved in both the donor and recipient sites.Conclusions:The bipedicled scrotal flaps combined with keystone-design perforator island flaps can repair postoperative large-area defects in male patients with extramammary Paget′s disease of the perineum. Moreover, the operation is simple, and good blood supply can be achieved.

Review of stentless, tubeless, apposed renal (STAR) transplant wound management programme

INTRODUCTION@#We aimed to review the necessity of conventional interventions in renal transplant for preventing complications arising out of the use of wound drains, ureteral stents and stapled skin closures.@*METHODS@#We reviewed a series of 33 patients who received stentless, tubeless/drainless and suture-apposed living donor renal transplants (STAR group) and compared the results to a control non-STAR group of 36 patients in whom all three interventions of drains, stents and skin staples were used.@*RESULTS@#No significant differences in demographics and clinical characteristics were observed between the two groups. With regard to the overall surgical complications, no significant differences in terms of wound infection, seroma, perinephric collections, urinoma, bacteriuria or vascular complications were observed between the groups. When analysed according to the interventions specific for preventing complications, although slightly more asymptomatic perinephric collections were observed and two lymphoceles required treatment in the STAR group, these differences were not statistically significant. Similarly, no significant differences in ureteric or skin-related complications were observed between the groups. Both groups had comparable good outcomes for renal function, graft survival and patient survival.@*CONCLUSION@#The routine use of ureteric stents, drains or skin staples may not be necessary for uncomplicated renal transplants. Potential complications associated with the placement of these interventions can be avoided without compromising on the safety of patients and/or the outcome of transplants.

Analysis of delayed infection of proximal junctional zone after posterior spinal internal fixation and its treatment strategy / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the features and treatment strategy of delayed infection of proximal junctional zone after posterior spinal internal fixation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 1325 patients underwent posterior spinal internal fixation were retrospectively analyzed. Delayed infection occurred in 10 patients, among which 4 infections occurred at the proximal junction (non-operative site). And these 4 patients were treated with combined broad-spectrum antibiotics. Their clinical symptoms and signs, lab tests, MRI findings, pathology findings, and clinical effects were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All four patients were followed up from 6 months to 4 years. No infection recurrence was found. All patients obtained satisfactory results after hospital discharge. No nerve injury was found. One patient developed kyphosis in the proximal junctional zone 2 years after the operation. According to the criteria of N.Nakano and T.Nakano, 3 cases obtained excellent results, while 1 poor.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The incidence rate of delayed infections was rare after spinal operation. Delayed infections occurred in proximal junctional zone may be attributed to the stress concentration of adjacent segments after fixation and the degeneration of adjacent segments, thus forming inflammation areas. For refractory lumbar and back pains, an elevated blood sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein level, MRI manifestation and focal pathology would be helpful for establishing a definite diagnosis. Full course of combined broad-spectrum antibiotics in treating the infection can lead to satisfactory clinical results.</p>

Promotion of Ziyuglycoside I on white blood cells by autophagy pathway / 中草药

Objective: To study the mechanism of ziyuglycoside I (ZgI) increasing the number of white blood cells (WBC) in peripheral blood. Methods: KM mice were randomly divided into control group, model group, 3-methyladenosine (3-MA) group, ZgI group (20 mg/kg), and ZgI (20 mg/kg)+3-MA group. On the first day of experiment, myelosuppression mice were induced by ip cyclophosphamide of 120 mg/kg and were continuously gavaged with ZgI for 6 d. On the 6th day, the number of WBC and granulocytes were determined. The degree of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) autophagy was observed by transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence microscopy. The apoptosis rate of HSCs was determined by flow cytometry, and the expression of Atg5, Atg7, and Beclin-1 proteins were detected by Western blotting. Results: Compared with the model group and 3-methyladenine group, ZgI significantly increased the numbers of leukocyte and granulocytes (P < 0.05), it also significantly stimulated the autophagy of HSCs. Meanwhile, ZgI significantly up-regulated the Atg5, Atg7, and Beclin-1 (P < 0.01) proteins expression in HSCs. Conclusion: The results suggested that ZgI was an efficient autophagic activator, and the mechanism of increasing WBC might be related to the promotion of HSCs autophagy of myelosuppression mice.

Study on Material Basis of Miao Medicine Bi-Ning Spray in Allergic Rhinitis Treatment / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

This paper was aimed to study the material basis for the efficacy of Miao medicine Bi-Ning spray in the treatment of allergic rhinitis,and to lay a foundation for improvement of its quality standard.Solidago and Centipeda minima were weighed according to the prescription and then soaked in water.Reflux extraction was conducted to the liquid.Petroleum ether,ethyl acetate,and n-butanol were used in the extraction,respectively.Each received composition was dried and made into sample solution for the experiment.A total of 60 healthy adult SD rats,with the ratio of half male and half female,were selected and randomly divided into 6 groups according to the weight with 10 rats in each group.There were the normal group,the model group,the petroleum ether (SYM) group,the ethyl acetate (YSYZ) group,the nbutyl alcohol (ZDC) group and the water group.The 20％ xylene olive oil solution was used in the model establishment of rats from different groups except the normal group.Intranasal administration of drug was given to different dosage group after the models were successfully established.Normal saline was given to the normal group and the model group.Serum of each experimental rat was collected at the end of the experiment.The contents of IgE,IL-4 and HT in serum were detected by ELISA.The pathological morphology of the nasal mucosa was analyzed.The results showed that compared with the normal group,the contents of IgE,IL-4 and HT in serum of the model group increased significantly (P ＜ 0.05).Compared to the model group,the contents of IgE,IL-4 and HT in serum of the water group decreased significantly (P ＜0.05).Contents of IgE,IL-4 and HT in other groups presented decreasing tendency.However,there was no statistical significance.The pathological morphology of the nasal mucosa results showed that compared with the normal group,the cell inflammatory response of the nasal mucosa tissues significantly increased in the model group (P ＜ 0.01).Compared with the model group,the cell inflammatory response of nasal mucosa tissues significantly decreased in the ZDC group and water group (P ＜ 0.05).There was no statistical significance in other groups.It was concluded that components in water part were the main material basis for efficacy of Bi-Ning spray in the treatment of allergic rhinitis.

Study on HPLC Fingerprint of Bining Nasal Spray / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To establish HPLC fingerprint of Bining nasal spray.METHODS:HPLC method was performed.The determination was performed on Neptune C18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.2 ％ phosphoric acid (gradient elution) at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.The detection wavelength was set at 326 nm,and the column temperature was 25 ℃.The sample size was 10 μL.Using rutin as reference,HPLC chromatograms of 20 batches of samples were determined.Common peak identification and similarity evaluation were conducted by using Similarity Evaluation System for TCM Fingerprint (2012 edition).RESULTS:There were 40 common peaks in HPLC chromatograms of 20 batches of Bining nasal spray,with similarity ＞0.9.After validation,HPLC chromatograms of 20 batches of samples were in good agreement with the control fimgerprints of those.CONCLUSIONS:Established fingerprint can provide reference for identification and quality evaluation of Bining nasal spray.

Effects of sanguisorba tannins and saponins compatibility on pharmacokinetic parameters of catechin, epicatechin and ziyuglycoside Ⅰ in rats / 中国中药杂志

To study the effects of sanguisorba tannins and saponins compatibility at different proportions [tannins-saponins (1∶1) and tannins-saponins(8∶1)] after intragastric administration (50 mg•kg⁻¹) on pharmacokinetic parameters of catechin, epicatechin and ziyuglycoside Ⅰ in rats by using pharmacokinetic techniques and methods. Kinetica 5.0 software was used to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters. The results showed that the specificity, linearity, recovery rate, precision and stability of the established detection method were in line with the test requirements. When the sanguisorba tannins and eaponins were combined at the rate of 1∶1, Vd and CL of catechin and epicatechin were increased significantly（P<0.05); MRT was significantly shortened(P<0.05); Cmax and AUC were significantly reduced(P<0.05). When the sanguisorba tannins and saponins were combined at the rate of 8∶1, Vd and CL of catechin and epicatechin were significantly reduced(P<0.05); MRT was significantly prolonged(P<0.05); Cmax and AUC were increased significantly(P<0.05). In addition, with the increase in proportion of sanguisorba tannins in the compatibility, Cmax and AUC of ziyuglycoside Ⅰ were increased significantly(P<0.05); Vd and CL were significantly reduced(P<0.05), Tmax was obviously lagging behind, and MRT was also significantly prolonged(P<0.05). In our present study, catechin, epicatechin and ziyuglycoside Ⅰ showed good pharmacokinetic behavior in rats when sanguisorba tannins and saponins were combined at the rate of 8∶1 in compatibility, which could be used as a reference for the proportion in sanguisorba tannins and saponins compatibility.

p21 is Responsible for Ionizing Radiation-induced Bypass of Mitosis / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the role of p21 in ionizing radiation-induced changes in protein levels during the G2/M transition and long-term G2 arrest.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Protein expression levels were assessed by western blot in the human uveal melanoma 92-1 cells after treatment with ionizing radiation. Depletion of p21 was carried out by employing the siRNA technique. Cell cycle distribution was determined by flow cytometry combined with histone H3 phosphorylation at Ser28, an M-phase marker. Senescence was assessed by senescence- associated-β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining combined with Ki67 staining, a cell proliferation marker.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Accompanying increased p21, the protein levels of G2/M transition genes declined significantly in 92-1 cells irradiated with 5 Gy of X-rays. Furthermore, these irradiated cells were blocked at the G2 phase followed by cellular senescence. Depletion of p21 rescued radiation-induced G2 arrest as demonstrated by the upregulation of G2/M transition kinases, as well as the high expression of histone H3 phosphorylated at Ser28. Knockdown of p21 resulted in entry into mitosis of irradiated 92-1 cells. However, cells with serious DNA damage failed to undergo cytokinesis, leading to the accumulation of multinucleated cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Our results indicated that p21 was responsible for the downregulation of G2/M transition regulatory proteins and the bypass of mitosis induced by irradiation. Downregulation of p21 by siRNA resulted in G2-arrested cells entering into mitosis with serious DNA damage. This is the first report on elucidating the role of p21 in the bypass of mitosis.</p>

Synthesis and antitumor activities of novel CDDO-Me analogues / 中国药科大学学报

@#The novel oleanolic acid derivatives 2a-2e were synthesized by introducing an α, β-unsaturated ketone moiety to C-ring of oleanolic acid(OA)via a nine-step reaction sequence, yielding an active CDDO-Me analogue(1), followed by coupling of C3-OH of 1 with various aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acids, respectively. Derivatives 3a-3e were synthesized by substituting C-1 of compounds 2a-2e with bromine. The target compounds were characterized by IR, MS and 1H NMR spectra. All the target compounds showed strong inhibitory effects against two tumor cell lines(HepG2 and A549)to a varying extent. The anti-proliferative activities of active compounds 3b and 3c(IC50=6. 13±1. 16 μmol/L and IC50=5. 49±1. 03 μmol/L, respectively)against HepG2 and A549 were more potent than compound 1 and comparable to the positive control CDDO-Me. In addition, all the target compounds displayed much weaker anti-proliferative activity against the two tumor cell lines than that against normal BEAS-2B cells. Compound 3c showed ten-fold selective inhibition against HepG2 relative to BEAS-2B cells, and is thus worthy of further study.

Protective effects of tannins in sanguisorbae radix on myelosuppression mice / 中草药·英文版

Objective: To explore the protective effects of tannins in Sanguisorba Radix (TSR) on myelosuppression mice induced by cyclophosphamide (CTX). Methods: TSR was ig given at the dose of 20 mg/kg for 10 d after ip administration of CTX (200 mg/kg). Results: TSR could significantly increase the numbers of white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets of myelosuppression in mice. And it could accelerate bone marrow haemopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) in myelosuppression mice and enhance cell proliferation by promoting cell cycles from G0/G1 phase to access into S and G2/M phases, then the reduced number of HSPCs induced by CTX was reversed. Moreover, TSR could increase the mRNA and protein expression levels of O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) in HSPCs of myelosuppression mice. Conclsion: TSR has a protective function against CTX-induced myelosuppression. The mechanism might be related to protecting hematopoietic stem cells of bone marrow, stimulating hematopoiesis recovery, as well as preventing the apoptosis of hematopoietic stem cells induced by CTX. © 2014 Tianjin Press of Chinese Herbal Medicines.

Pharmacological Study on Periplaneta Americana against Alcohol-induced Liver Injury / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

This study was aimed to explore the effect of Periplaneta Americana against alcohol-induced liver injury in mice, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the industrial production of P. Americana. Kunming mice were randomly divided into six groups, which were the normal group, model group, positive group, high-, middle-, low-dose of P. Americana groups. Intragastric administration of Tiopronin Enteric-coated Tablets 100 mg·kg-1 was given to the positive group. Intragastric administrations of whole powder of medicine were given to the high-, middle-, low-dose groups with the dosage of 6.667, 3.333, 1.667 g·kg-1, respectively. The drugs were given daily for 10 con-secutive days. After 3h of the 10th day drug administration, intragastric administration of distilled water was given to the normal group, while 14mL·kg-1 of 56℃ Red Star Liquor was given to other groups. No food was given but water for 12h. Blood was collected from the orbit. The ALT, AST and GGT in blood serum of mice were measured. The liver was dissected and liver coefficient was calculated. Histopathological examination was given on liver tissues. The results showed that compared with the normal group, the level of ALT, AST in blood serum of the model group had obvious enhanced (P< 0.01), the level of GGT had obvious enhanced (P< 0.05). Compared with the model group, the level of GGT, AST of the high-, middle-dose group had obvious enhanced (P< 0.05), the level of ALT activity had obvious enhanced (P< 0.01). There were severe liver histopathological damages in mice of the high-, middle-, low-dose group. It was concluded that P. Americana had some side effects in the treatment of alcohol-induced liver injury.

Effect of Sanguisorba tannins on the expression of MGMT gene and protein in myelosuppressed mice / 肿瘤

Objective: To observe the effect of Sanguisorba tannins on the expression of MGMT (O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase) gene and protein in myelosuppressed mouse model induced by CTX (cyclophosphamide). Methods: Forty Chinese Kunming mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal group (NR group), model group (MD group), positive group (G-CSF group) and Sanguisorba tannins group (ST group), with 10 mice in each group. Mouse model of bone marrow suppression was made by intraperitoneal injection of CTX. The mice in G-CSF group were intraperitoneally injected with 30 μg/kg colony-stimulating factor after CTX induction for 3 days. The mice in ST group started to take 20 mg/kg Sanguisorba tannins orally 3 days before CTX induction. The mice in NR group and MD group were given purified water orally. At the end of the treatment, blood and bone marrow of all mice were taken out. Then the flow cytometry technology was used to examine the DNA content in bone marrow cells. The RT-PCR (reverse transcription-PCR) and Western blotting technologies were used to determine the expression changes of MGMT gene and protein in bone marrow cells. Results: Compared with the NR group, the DNA content (P < 0.01) and the expressions of MGMT gene and protein (P < 0.01) were significantly reduced in bone marrow cells of mice in MD group. Compared with the MD group, bone marrow DNA content and the expression levels of MGMT gene and protein were significantly increased in ST group (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Sanguisorba tannins can promote the expression of MGMT gene and protein in bone marrow cells of myelosuppressed mice. Copyright © 2013 by TUMOR.

Accelerated growth of postradiation dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans in left subaxillary region during pregnancy:a case report / 中华皮肤科杂志

A 30-year-old woman presented with a 5-year history of recurrent nodular lesions in the left subaxillary region,which had rapidly grown for 7 weeks.Five years prior to the presentation,she received breast conservation surgery and radiotherapy for left breast cancer,thereafter,chronic radiation dermatitis developed in the left subaxillary region.Two years after the operation,three soybean-sized bright red nodules appeared in the lesions of radiation dermatitis,and slowly enlarged.Subsequently,the nodules were resected,but a local recurrence was observed 3 weeks after the resection.The recurrent masses underwent accelerated growth during her pregnancy,and the growth was obviously inhibited after the termination of pregnancy.Physical examination revealed a quasi-elliptic,dark or bright red plaque measuring about 18 cm × 14 cm with a smooth surface in left subaxillary region,and in the center of the plaque was a bright red,hemispheric,elevated lesion measuring 10 cm × 9 cm × 5 cm with erosions or pitchy crusts on the surface.Histopathology of the lesions showed that the tumor was located in the dermis and consisted of densely packed uniform spindle-shaped cells arranged in a characteristic storiform or whirlpool pattern.Some cell nuclei showed atypia,and few mitoses were observed.In some parts of the lesion,tumor cells were arranged in a herringbone pattern.Immunohistochemistry revealed that the tumor cells stained positive for vimentin(strongly)and actin(weakly),but negative for CD34.Based on these findings,a diagnosis of postradiation dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans(fibrosarcoma type)was made.

Triterpenoid from Lycopodium obscurum L / 药学学报

To study the triterpenoid constituents from air-dried whole plants of Lycopodium obscurum L., the constituents were isolated by normal-phase and reverse-phase silica gel column chromatography from the EtOAc extract. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral analysis. Five triterpenoids were purified and identified as 3beta, 19alpha-dihydroxy-20beta-acetate-serrat-14-en-21beta-ol (1), serratenediol (2), alpha-onocerin (3), 26-nor-8-oxo-alpha-onocerin (4), (3beta, 8beta, 14alpha, 21alpha)-26, 27-dinoronocerane-3, 8, 14, 21-tetrol (5). Compound 1 is a new serratane-type triterpene and compound 5 is isolated from this plant for the first time.