The Effects of Horse-riding Simulator Training with Dual-task on Pulmonary Function and Flexibility in Healthy Adults

Purpose@#The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of a simultaneous dual-task and horse-riding simulator (HRS) training regime on pulmonary function and flexibility. @*Methods@#Sixteen subjects were recruited and randomly allocated to two groups: a dual-task (DT) (n=8) or a single-task (ST) (n=8) training group. Flexibility and pulmonary function were assessed before and after HRS training. Both groups underwent HRS training for 4 weeks, 3 times/week in 15-minute training sessions. The ST group underwent HRS training and the DT group underwent dual-task HRS training, which consisted of throwing and catching a ball and ring catching while HRS training. @*Results@#Training significantly increased flexibility and FVC (forced vital capacity) and FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 second) in both groups (p0.05). After the training, flexibility and FVC in the DT group were significantly greater than in the ST group (p0.05). @*Conclusion@#Simultaneous dual-task and HRS motor training improved flexibility, FVC, and FEV1, and our comparative analysis suggests that dual-task HRS training improved flexibility and FVC more than single-task training.

The Effects of Horse-riding Simulator Training with Dual-task on Pulmonary Function and Flexibility in Healthy Adults

Purpose@#The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of a simultaneous dual-task and horse-riding simulator (HRS) training regime on pulmonary function and flexibility. @*Methods@#Sixteen subjects were recruited and randomly allocated to two groups: a dual-task (DT) (n=8) or a single-task (ST) (n=8) training group. Flexibility and pulmonary function were assessed before and after HRS training. Both groups underwent HRS training for 4 weeks, 3 times/week in 15-minute training sessions. The ST group underwent HRS training and the DT group underwent dual-task HRS training, which consisted of throwing and catching a ball and ring catching while HRS training. @*Results@#Training significantly increased flexibility and FVC (forced vital capacity) and FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 second) in both groups (p0.05). After the training, flexibility and FVC in the DT group were significantly greater than in the ST group (p0.05). @*Conclusion@#Simultaneous dual-task and HRS motor training improved flexibility, FVC, and FEV1, and our comparative analysis suggests that dual-task HRS training improved flexibility and FVC more than single-task training.

Motor Skill Learning on the Ipsi-Lateral Upper Extremity to the Damaged Hemisphere in Stroke Patients

PURPOSE: This study examined whether there is a difference in motor learning through short-term repetitive movement practice in stroke survivors with a unilateral brain injury compared to normal elderly participants. METHODS: Twenty-six subjects who were divided into a stroke group (n=13) or sex-aged matched normal elder group (n=13) participated in this study. To evaluate the effects of motor learning, the participants conducted a tracking task for visuomotor coordination. The accuracy index was calculated for each trial. Both groups received repetitive tracking task training of metacarpophalangeal joint for 50 trials. The stroke group performed a tracking task in the upper extremity insi-lesional to the damaged hemisphere, and the normal elder group performed the upper extremity matched for the same side. RESULTS: Two-way repetitive ANOVA revealed a significant difference in the interactions (time×group) and time effects. These results indicated that the motor skill improved in both the stroke and normal elder group with a tracking task. On the other hand, the stroke group showed lesser motor learning skill than the normal elder group, in comparison with the amount of motor learning improvement. CONCLUSION: These results provide novel evidence that stroke survivors with unilateral brain damage might have difficulty in performing ipsilateral movement as well as in motor learning with the ipsilateral upper limb, compared to normal elderly participants.

Effect of Power Grasping on Muscle Activity of Trunk during One Leg Stance

PURPOSE: This study investigated the effects of trunk muscle activity with power grasping during one leg stance. METHODS: Twenty-eight subjects participated in this study. Subjects were divided into two groups, one that performed power grasping, and another that did not. An investigator measured the activities of a subject's trunk muscle such as internal oblique (IO), external oblique (EO), erector spinae (ES), and gluteus medius (GM) while a subject was doing one leg stance. RESULTS: An independent t-test was used to analyze trunk muscle activities with power grasping during one leg stance between the experimental group and the control group. Only the EO activity differed significantly between groups (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The results indicate that one leg stance with power grasping affected trunk muscle activity. Therefore, this is a useful method for providing lumbar spine stability.

Multidisciplinary management for amelogenesis imperfecta patient with skeletal CIII malocclusion