Leiomyosarcoma of the Bronchus: A case report with long-term follow-up / 대한흉부외과학회지

Primary leiomyosarcomas are rare tumors of the lungs. No typical roentgenographic findings of unusual complex of symptoms distinguish this tumor. The most common therapy is surgical resection. Prognosis and significant survivorship are related to the size, grade, metastasis of the lesion. A 25-year-old female patient with chest pain and cough was admitted. In chest X-ray and CT scan, there was a pulmonary nodule in left upper lung field. She was taken a percutaneous needle aspiration biopsy. The result: was a spindle cell tumor. Left upper lobe lobectomy was done, and pathologic diagnosis was a low grade leiomyosarcoma arising from left bronchus. During 5 years of follow-up period, she has not shown any metastasis or local recurrence.

Surgical Management of Idiopathic Tracheal Stenosis: Three case reports / 대한흉부외과학회지

A lower laryngeal and upper tracheal stenosis that is of idiopathic origin is occasionally seen. It is called an idiopathic tracheal stenosis. These circumferential fibrous stenosis is rare and they are most often located in the subglottic larynx and extend to varying distances predominantly in young women. Because of the unknown nature of the disease process and uncertainty about its future progression, patients were approached conservatively. Recently, surgical resection and reconstruction have been increasingly performed, as favorable results were obtained. Three female patients with dyspnea were admitted. For two patients, they were diagnosed this conditions as bronchial asthma by mistake. All patients were performed computed tomography and bronchoscopy. For two patients with subglottic stenosis, subglottic resection was performed by cervical collar incision, and for the other one patient with distal tracheal stenosis, tracheal resection was performed by right posterolateral thoracotomy. A diagnosis of idipathic tracheal stenosis was confirmed by postoperatively pathologic finding. For one case, because of anastomosis site infection and restenosis, a whole tracheal exposure was performed by cervical collar incision and median sternotomy. And reoperation was performed successfully.

May-Thurner Syndrome Treated with Endovascular Wall Stent / 대한흉부외과학회지

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a common disease. However, May-Thurner syndrome, which is the cause of DVT, is an uncommon processes in which there is an impaired venous return due to compression of the left iliac vein by the overlying right common artery. This condition results in a left iliofemoral deep thrombosis and severe leg edema. It is, therefore, called iliac compression syndrome. Catheter-directed thrombolytic therapy of acute extensive iliofemoral DVT and balloon angioplasty with venous stenting are recommended. Two cases with history of left leg swelling are diagnosed as May-Thurner syndrome, which was demonstrated by venography. We successfully treated the patients with thrombolysis, balloon angioplasty, and stent insertion at the site of common iliac vein compression. Therefore, we report the cases with overall review of the literature.

Giant Coronary Artery Aneurysm Presenting as a Calcified Mediastinal Mass & Coronary Artery Fistula: A case report / 대한흉부외과학회지

Coronary artery aneurysm is a rare disorder. It is defined as abnormal dilatation of coronary artery with diameter exceeding 1.5 times the adjacent normal segments. The incidence of coronary aneurysm is 2.6% in Caucasians and 0.25% in Asians. Over half of the former were associated with atherosclerotic coronary artery disease. However, 70 percents of the latter were nonobstructive coronary artery aneurysms. Coronary artery fistula is a rare disorder. It has been identified in only 0.2% of routine cardiac angiographic studies conducted over a 10-year period. The clinical spectrums are various, asymtomatic, asymptomatic murmur, dyspnea on exertion, fatigue, and congestive heart failure. The right coronary artery (56%) and left coronary artery(36%) are mainly involved in the origin site of congenital coronary artery fistula. The draining site of fistula are right ventricle(39%), right atrium(33%), and pulmonary artery(20%) and so on. This 54 years-old woman had intermittent chest tightness and an abnormal mediastinal shadow on chest roentgenogram and chest C-T examination, which was diagnosed as a mediastinal mass such as teratoma. We performed the operation under left anterolateral thoracotomy for mass excision. However, we knew the mass had the pulsating arterial blood flow through a fine needle puncture of the mass and that it was attached to the left ventricle. We believed the excision of mass on beating heart would be very dangerous. Therefore, we closed the wound without excising the mass. After several days, we performed an echocardiography and coronary angiography, We knew it was cardiac tumor. Incidentally, the patient had a tortuous coronary fistula from the right coronary artery to pulmonary trunk. Using cardiopulmonary bypass with moderate systemic hypothermia, the mass was resected and the fistula was clipped with surgical clips. Pathology of the specimen was a giant coronary arterial aneurysm.

Anterior Transcervical Approach to Superior Sulcus Tumor / 대한흉부외과학회지

Superior sulcus or pancoast tumor refers to any primary lung cancer locating in thoracic inlet and causing pain in the periscapular region or arm. These originate in peripheral, and involve the extrapulmonary structures more than arenchyma of the lung. We experienced 1 case of superior sulcus tumor radically resected via anterior transcervical approach, which provided more safe exposure of cervical structures of thoracic inlet than classic posterolateral thoracotomy. Therefore we report this case with review of literature.