Primary Small Cell Carcinoma of the Kidney / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Small cell carcinoma is a malignant neoplasm, which has neuroendocrine and epithelial features immunohistochemically and ultrastructurally. Primary small cell carcinoma originating from the kidneys is extremely rare, aggressive and lethal. Approximately half the reported cases show combined features of transitional cell carcinoma. A case of primary renal small cell carcinoma without features of transitional cell carcinoma is reported, which was studied under light microscopy and by immunohistochemistry and treated by retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy and chemotherapy.

Preoperative Reno-vascular Evaluation of Living Renal Donors with Contrast Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Angiography / 대한비뇨기과학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of contrast enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE-MRA) in the visualization of the renovascular anatomy for the preoperative evaluation of living renal donors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-one consecutive potential living renal donors were investigated. Ten patients underwent both digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and CE-MRA, and twenty-one underwent CE-MRA alone before the donor nephrectomy. The intraoperative findings on the number of renal vessels were compared with those of the DSA and CE-MRA. RESULTS: DSA and CE-MRA showed 100% agreement in identifying the main renal arteries, accessory renal artery, and renal veins before surgery. In the DSA and CE-MRA group (n=10), the accuracy relative to the intraoperative findings was 92.3% (12/13) for the renal artery and 100% (10/10) for the renal vein. In the CE-MRA alone group (n=21), 93.3% (28/30) accuracy was shown for the renal artery and 91.3% (21/23) for the renal vein compared with the intraoperative findings. CONCLUSIONS: CE-MRA showed similar agreement and accuracy to DSA. As a minimally invasive technique, CE-MRA has the potential to replace DSA.

Primary Amyloidosis of the Bladder / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Amyloidosis is a systemic disease characterized by the deposition of homogenous, eosinophilic and hyaline protein. Most cases of amyloidosis occur as a systemic disease, with a poor prognosis. Conversely, primary localized amyloidosis of the bladder has an excellent prognosis in most cases, it is, therefore, important to distinguish primary localized from systemic amyloidosis. Primary localized amyloidosis of the bladder is a rare disease, causing hematuria, which is often confused with bladder cancer. The diagnosis is usually made from a biopsy and subsequent pathological examination. We report a case of primary localized amyloidosis of the bladder, occurring in a 73 year old man, treated with a transurethral resection.

Laparoscopic Intraperitoneal Drainage of Lymphocele Developed Adjacent to the Kidney Transplanted / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Lymphoceles are the most frequent surgical complications following kidney transplantation. Symptomatic lymphoceles following kidney transplantation are managed best by surgical marsupialization with intraperitoneal drainage. We performed laparoscopic intraperitoneal drainage in a patient with a large lymphocele and secondary hydronephrosis following a kidney transplant.

Laparoscopic Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection in Patients with Prostate Cancer: the Early Experience / 대한비뇨기과학회지

PURPOSE: The status of the pelvic lymph node provides important information with respect to the choice of therapy and prognosis in patients with prostate cancer. we evaluated the clinical effectiveness and safety of laparoscopic pelvic lymph node dissection in 7 patients with prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From July 1996 to December 1997, 7 patients whose mean age was 67.7year (range 56-73) underwent transperitoneal laparoscopic pelvic lymph node dissection as a staging procedure for prostatic cancer. We evaluated the clinical stage, Gleason score, PSA, number of harvested lymph nodes, operative time, postoperative hospital stay, and complications. RESULTS: Clinical stage was T1c-T2c, and mean Gleason score was 7.6(range 6-10). Mean preoperative PSA was 35.3ng/ml(range 19-56.2). The mean number of removed lymph nodes was 8.4(range 5-12) and lymph node metastases were noted in 2 patients. Mean operative time was 180.7minutes (range 140-260). Mean postoperative hospital stay was 2.1 days(range 2-3). Conversion from the laparoscopic procedure to open surgery was not required. Subcutaneous emphysema occurred in 2 patients and was conservatively managed. CONCLUSIONS: Our preliminary experience suggests that laparoscopic pelvic lymph node dissection could be performed safely and efficiently to detect the pelvic lymph node metastasis in patients with prostate cancer with a short hospital stay and a low morbidity, though being more time-consuming.

A Case of Vesical Endometriosis / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Endometriosis is defined as the presence of endometrial tissue (gland and stroma) outside the uterus. The most frequent sites of implantation are the pelvic viscera and the peritoneum. About 1% of woman with endometriosis have urinary tract lesions, of which 85% involve the bladder. We report one case of vesical endometriosis that have been treated by partial cystectomy.