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PURPOSE: Recently, mothers stay in postpartum care centers (PPCCs) instead of their home for a few weeks after child birth in Korea. The policies of breastfeeding in those facilities can affect the success of breastfeeding. We studied the breastfeeding practice of mothers who stayed in PPCCs and the policies of these facilities. METHODS: We conducted a survey using questionnaires about breastfeeding practice on mothers who visited the Departments of Pediatrics of Cheil General Hospital, Yeungnam University Hospital, Dongsan Medical Center and Chonnam University Hospital, from February 2010 to July 2010. We also conducted another survey on the PPCCs. RESULTS: We collected 349 replies from mothers and 151 responses from PPCCs. 97.4% of mothers had been encouraged breastfeeding, but only 60.3% of mothers practiced rooming-in care, and only 15.2% of them performed it for 24 hours. Milk bottle was used in 92.6% to supply formula instead of cup or spoon. 54.8% of mothers used breast pump unnecessarily to collect breast milk to feed their babies using bottle. 77.3% of mothers withheld breastfeeding in case of cracked nipples, mild jaundice or loose stool. Only 18% of personnels in PPCCs was educated about breastfeeding. Educational materials were provided in only 67.1% of PPCCs. Regional difference was noted in rooming-in care, lecture, feeding device for supplementation and breastfeeding in case of mild jaundice, loose stool or cracked nipples. CONCLUSION: Insufficiently trained people in PPCC may make mothers difficult to breastfeed. It is necessary for the people in PPCCs to be educated for breastfeeding appropriately.
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Niño , Humanos , Mama , Lactancia Materna , Hospitales Generales , Ictericia , Corea (Geográfico) , Leche , Leche Humana , Madres , Pezones , Parto , Pediatría , Atención Posnatal , Periodo Posparto , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Alojamiento ConjuntoRESUMEN
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors for intrauterine fetal death (IUFD). METHODS: We carried out a case control retrospective study, at the Chonnam National University Hospital, Korea. We included all pregnant women diagnosed as singleton IUFD in pregnancies of 28 weeks of gestation or more, admitted to the hospital from Jan 2003 to Dec 2007. There were 53 cases of singleton IUFD and 3,298 cases of singleton live birth during that period. The incidence, age distribution, and prevalent gestational weeks were analysed. The risk factors were analyzed by using odds ratio, student's t test, and Chisquare test. Logistic regression analysis was applied to determine independent risk factors. RESULTS: The overall incidence of IUFD was 1.6%. The age distribution of mother with IUFD was highest in the age group of 20 year old or less (5.3%). IUFD was the most prevalent at 28-32 weeks of gestation (41.5%). Significant risk factors were maternal body weight just before delivery, weight gain during pregnancy, and abruptio placentae. The independent risk factors were weight gain during pregnancy (beta=0.002, P=0.000) and abruptio placentae (beta=-0.067, P=0.000). CONCLUSION: Lower maternal body weight just before delivery, lower weight gain during pregnancy, and abruptio placentae are factors significantly associated with IUFD. Further investigations are needed to understand the complex etiology of stillbirth.
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Femenino , Humanos , Embarazo , Desprendimiento Prematuro de la Placenta , Distribución por Edad , Peso Corporal , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Muerte Fetal , Incidencia , Corea (Geográfico) , Nacimiento Vivo , Modelos Logísticos , Madres , Oportunidad Relativa , Mujeres Embarazadas , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Mortinato , Aumento de PesoRESUMEN
PURPOSE: This study was designed to see the BP changes according to the time course and the duration of dexamethasone (DXM) therapy in premature infants with chronic lung disease (CLD). METHODS: We studied 27 chronic lung disease patients treated with DXM in NICU, Chonnam University Hospital from January 1994 to May 1998. Systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressure were recorded at three times (8 AM, 4 PM, midnight) daily. Data were analyzed by time peroid : Pre DXM means 14 days before DXM therapy, DXM during the therapy and Post DXM 14 days after the completion of therapy. Of 27 patients, 16 received short-course (7 days), and 11 long-course therapy (42 days). RESULTS: Mean gestational age of the patients was 29.3 (+/-1.5) weeks and the mean birth weight was 1,169 (+/-262) gm. Systolic, diastolic and mean BP were significantly increased during the DXM therapy compared to pre DXM (76+/-7 mmHg vs 67+/-9 mmHg, P<0.001, 44+/-6 mmHg vs 38+/-6 mmHg, P<0.001, 55+/-6 mmHg vs 49+/-7 mmHg, P<0.001, respectively). Even 14 days after the completion of therapy, systolic, diastolic and mean BP were not decreased to the level of pre DXM therapy. The maximal increase of BP was noted on the second day of treatment. When the BP changes were compared according to the duration of therapy, post DXM BP was decreased to the level of pre DXM in short course, but not in long course group with the higher post DXM systolic BP than that of short course group (78+/-11 mmHg vs 69+/-7 mmHg, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: BP significantly increased during DXM therapy, particularily on the second day of treatment. Also our result suggests that we have to watch the BP carefully more than two weeks after the completion of therapy.
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Humanos , Recién Nacido , Presión Arterial , Peso al Nacer , Presión Sanguínea , Dexametasona , Edad Gestacional , Recien Nacido Prematuro , Enfermedades Pulmonares , PulmónRESUMEN
No abstract available.
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The purpose of this study was to estimate the possibility of practical application of TiN ion-plating method on orthodontic appliances. TiN was coated on the surface of orthodontic stainless steel roll band by means of ion-plating method, and colorimetric properties of its obtained TiN film were investigated by using color analyzer. Also its corrosion and discoloration properties were compared with those of non ion-plated stainless steel roll band by using immersion test, which was done in 1N HCl solution for 10 days. Both weight changes and surface corrosion appearances of specimens for each day were respectively investigated by using electronic weighing machine and SEM(Scanning Electron Microscope). The discoloration degress of TiN-coated specimens immersed in 1N HCI solution were investigated by using color analyzer and then judged by N.B.S.(National Bureau of Standard) Unit. The results of this study were summarized as follows. TiN ion-plated films showed the hue of 5Y, the value of 7, and the chroma of 3 by Munsell notations. The weight losses and surface changes of TiN ion-plated specimens immersed in 1N HCI solution were less than those of non ion-plated specimens. It was shown, therefore, that the corrosion resistance was significantly improved by TiN ion-plating. The discoloration degrees of non ion-plated specimens were too significant to be examined by color analyzer, while those of TiN ion-plated specimens were slight when judged by N.B.S. Unit. It was also apparent, therefore, that the anti-discoloration property was significantly improved by TiN ion-plating.
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Corrosión , Inmersión , Aparatos Ortodóncicos , Acero Inoxidable , Estaño , Pérdida de PesoRESUMEN
No abstract available.