Correlation between Combined Urinary Metal Exposure and Grip Strength under Three Statistical Models: A Cross-sectional Study in Rural Guangxi / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#This study aimed to investigate the potential relationship between urinary metals copper (Cu), arsenic (As), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), iron (Fe), lead (Pb) and manganese (Mn) and grip strength.@*METHODS@#We used linear regression models, quantile g-computation and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) to assess the relationship between metals and grip strength.@*RESULTS@#In the multimetal linear regression, Cu (β = -2.119), As (β = -1.318), Sr (β = -2.480), Ba (β = 0.781), Fe (β = 1.130) and Mn (β = -0.404) were significantly correlated with grip strength ( P < 0.05). The results of the quantile g-computation showed that the risk of occurrence of grip strength reduction was -1.007 (95% confidence interval: -1.362, -0.652; P < 0.001) when each quartile of the mixture of the seven metals was increased. Bayesian kernel function regression model analysis showed that mixtures of the seven metals had a negative overall effect on grip strength, with Cu, As and Sr being negatively associated with grip strength levels. In the total population, potential interactions were observed between As and Mn and between Cu and Mn ( P interactions of 0.003 and 0.018, respectively).@*CONCLUSION@#In summary, this study suggests that combined exposure to metal mixtures is negatively associated with grip strength. Cu, Sr and As were negatively correlated with grip strength levels, and there were potential interactions between As and Mn and between Cu and Mn.

The specificity of body surface temperature of relevant back-shu points in patients with chronic persistent asthma based on infrared thermal imaging technology / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To detect the body surface temperature of the relevant back-shu points in patients with chronic persistent asthma by infrared thermal imaging technology, and observe the specific changes of the body surface temperature of the relevant back-shu points under the condition of lung disease.@*METHODS@#Forty-five patients with chronic persistent asthma (observation group) and 45 healthy subjects (control group) were selected. The body surface temperature of bilateral Feishu (BL 13), Geshu (BL 17), Pishu (BL 20) and Shenshu (BL 23) were measured by BK-MT02A medical infrared thermography.@*RESULTS@#The body surface temperature of bilateral Feishu (BL 13), Geshu (BL 17), Pishu (BL 20) and Shenshu (BL 23) in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.01, P<0.05). The body surface temperature of bilateral Feishu (BL 13) and Geshu (BL 17) was higher than that of ipsilateral Pishu (BL 20) and Shenshu (BL 23) in the two groups (P<0.01, P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in body surface temperature between ipsilateral Feishu (BL 13) and Geshu (BL 17), between ipsilateral Pishu (BL 20) and Shenshu (BL 23) (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The pathological increase of body surface temperature of Feishu (BL 13), Geshu (BL 17), Pishu (BL 20) and Shenshu (BL 23) in patients with chronic persistent asthma indicates that above acupoints have specificity in reflecting lung diseases. The Feishu (BL 13) and Geshu (BL 17), which have significantly increased body surface temperature, not only provide objective basis for the pathological pathogenesis of "deficiency in origin and excess in symptom" in patients with chronic persistent asthma, but also reflect the different expressions of different acupoints on the same meridian for the lung diseases.

Study on the protective effect of Hypericum perforatum on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats and its mechanism / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To study the protective effect and potential mechanism of Hypericum perforatum on cerebral ischemia- reperfusion in rats. METHODS The male SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group， model group， positive control group （nimodipine 0.012 g/kg）， H. perforatum high-dose and low-dose groups （5.212， 1.303 g/kg）， with 10 rats in each group. Except for sham operation group， the left middle cerebral artery ischemia-reperfusion model was established with the modified suture method. Administration groups were given relevant medicine intragastrically since the second day after surgery， once a day， for 7 consecutive days. The neurological function scores of rats were measured before drug intervention （the first day after modeling） and after the last administration， and the cerebral infarction after the last administration was observed using TTC staining method；HE staining and TUNEL staining methods were used to observe the pathological changes of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus， and the apoptosis of nerve cells， respectively. Western blot and RT-PCR were used to observe the protein and mRNA expressions of erythropoietin （EPO）， erythropoietin receptor （EPOR）， Janus kinase 2 （JAK2） and signal transduction and activator of transcription 3 （STAT3）， and protein expression of phosphorylated STAT3 （p-STAT3）， respectively. RESULTS Compared with sham operation group， neurological function score and the proportion of cerebral infarction in model group were significantly increased before intervention and after the last administration （P＜0.01）， with significant damage to nerve cells in cerebral cortex and hippocampus， an increase in apoptotic nerve cells， and a significant increase in apoptosis rate （P＜0.01）； protein and mRNA expressions of EPO and EPOR in the brain tissue were significantly reduced （P＜0.01）， while the protein expressions of JAK2， p- STAT3 and STAT3， and mRNA expressions of JAK2 and STAT3 were significantly increased （P＜0.01）. Compared with model group， the damage and apoptosis of nerve cells in cerebral cortex and hippocampus of rats in administration groups were improved， and the quantitative indicators were almost significantly improved （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS H. perforatum has a protective effect against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats， and the related mechanism may be related to the regulation of EPO-mediated JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.

Decompensation effectiveness and alveolar bone remodeling analysis of mandibular anterior teeth after preoperative orthodontic treatment in high-angle patients with skeletal class Ⅱ malocclusion / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the decompensation effectiveness and alveolar bone remodeling of mandibular anterior teeth after preoperative orthodontic treatment in high-angle patients with skeletal class Ⅱ malocclusion using lateral cephalogram and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).@*METHODS@#Thirty high-angle patients with skeletal class Ⅱ malocclusion who had received preoperative orthodontic treatment and orthognathic surgery in Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology between Ja-nuary 2017 and August 2022 and had taken lateral cephalogram and CBCT before and after preoperative orthodontic treatment were selected. Items were measured with lateral cephalogram including: The lower central incisor (L1)-Frankfort plane angle (L1-FH), the L1-mandibular plane angle (L1-MP), the L1-nasion-supramental angle (L1-NB) and the vertical distance from the incisal edge of lower central incisor to NB line (L1-NB distance), etc. The incidence of dehiscence/fenestration and the length of dehiscence at labial side (d-La) and lingual side (d-Li) were measured using CBCT. Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between the changes of d-Li of L1 and age, duration of preoperative orthodontic treatment and the cephalometric measurements before preoperative orthodontic treatment to screen out risk factors affecting the periodontal risk of preoperative orthodontic treatment in high-angle patients with skeletal class Ⅱ malocclusions.@*RESULTS@#After preoperative orthodontic treatment, L1-FH, L1-MP, L1-NB and L1-NB distances changed by 11.56°±5.62°, -11.13°±5.53°, -11.57°±5.43° and (-4.99±1.89) mm, respectively, and the differences were all statistically significant (P < 0.05). Among the 180 measured mandibular anterior teeth, 45 cases with labial dehiscence/fenestration before preoperative orthodontic treatment (T0) had no longer labial dehiscence/fenestration after preope-rative orthodontic treatment (T1); 142 cases without lingual dehiscence/fenestration at T0 had lingual dehiscence/fenestration at T1. After preoperative orthodontic treatment, the d-La of lower lateral incisors (L2), lower canines (L3) and lower anterior teeth (L1+L2+L3) decreased by (0.95±2.22) mm, (1.20±3.23) mm and (0.68±2.50) mm, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05); the d-Li of L1, L2, L3 and L1+L2+L3 increased by (4.43±1.94) mm, (4.53±2.35) mm, (3.19±2.80) mm and (4.05±2.46) mm, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The increase of d-Li of L1 was positively correlated with L1-FH (r=0.373, P=0.042).@*CONCLUSION@#This study showed that high-angle patients with skeletal class Ⅱ ma-locclusion could achieve ideal decompensation effect of mandibular anterior teeth after preoperative orthodontic treatment with bilateral mandibular first premolars extracted, but the lingual periodontal risk of mandibular anterior teeth was increased. This risk could be correlated to L1-FH before preoperative orthodontic treatment, which should be paid more attention in the design of orthodontic-orthognathic surgical treatment.

Design for online monitoring of occupational hazard factors based on internet of things / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

At present, there are disadvantages with the detection for occupational hazard factors, such as insufficient monitoring data, poor timeliness, weak representativeness, long detection cycles, and inability to continuously monitor. Taking advantages of internet of things technology, an online monitoring platform for occupational hazard factors has been designed. The platform collects the concentration (intensity) of hazard factors through sensors, transmits the occupational hazards data collected online in realtime. The online monitoring cloud center for occupational hazard factors processes and analyzes online monitoring data in realtime, stores the hazard factors data to form database management, and provides user application services to form an intelligent online monitoring service model for occupational hazard factors. Based on the online monitoring platform of occupational hazard factors, multi-level government health supervision departments and employers can grasp the status of hazard factors in real time, which is conducive to improving the level of occupational hazard supervision.

Research Progress on Ferroptosis-mediated Antitumor Immunotherapy / 肿瘤防治研究

Ferroptosis is a form of programmed cell death driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and is closely associated with a wide range of biological processes, such as aging, immunity, and cancer. Tumor multidrug resistance, especially resistance to apoptosis, has prompted the urgent search for a new antitumor treatment option. Remarkable progress has been made in the study of the role of ferroptosis in antitumor, especially the interaction with immune cells. Studying immunotherapy based on ferroptosis pathways has become a new direction in antitumor research. In this work, we review the role of ferroptosis in immune cells and antitumor immunotherapy to provide new ideas for ferroptosis-mediated antitumor immunotherapy.

IL-33 up-regulates eIF3a expression by activating NF-κB signaling pathway to mediate the proliferation and differentiation of mouse pulmonary myofibroblasts and aggravate pulmonary fibrosis / 细胞与分子免疫学杂志

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanism of Interleukin-33 (IL-33) mediated proliferation and differentiation of pulmonary myofibroblasts (MFbs) in pulmonary fibrosis (PF). Methods C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups: a control group, a bleomycin (BLM) group, a BLM combined with IL-33 group and a BLM combined with anti-IL-33 antibody group, 12 mice in each group. The PF model was induced by intratracheal injection of BLM (5000 U/kg). The degrees of fibrosis were examined using HE and Masson staining. ELISA was used to measure the plasma levels of IL-33. Immunohistochemical staining was used to measure the expression of alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in lung tissue. Primary pulmonary fibroblasts were isolated and cultured from lung tissues of mice. The cells were divided into four groups: a control group, an IL-33 group, an IL-33 combined with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group and an IL-33 combined with pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) group. The cells were treated with DMSO or PDTC for 1 hour and then with IL-33 for 48 hours. Cell proliferation was measured by 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay and cell cycle was measured by flow cytometry. TranswellTM assay was used to analyze cell migration. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to measure the expression of collagen type I (Col1), Col3 and α-SMA mRNA. The protein levels of IL-33, Col1, Col3, α-SMA, eukaryotic initiation factor 3a (eIF3a), phosphorylated IκBα (p-IκBα) (total lysate), p-NF-κB p65(total lysate) and NF-κB p65 (nucleus) were measured by Western blot analysis. Results In vivo, compared with the control group, the expressions of IL-33, p-IκBα (total lysate), p-NF-κB p65 (total lysate), NF-κB p65(nucleus), eIF3a, α-SMA, Col1 and Col3 in the BLM group significantly increased. Compared with the BLM group, the expressions of p-IκBα (total lysate), p-NF-κB p65 (total lysate), NF-κB p65 (nucleus), eIF3a, α-SMA, Col1 and Col3 in the IL-33 group increased further and the PF was further aggravated. But the effect of anti-IL-33 antibody was just opposite to that of IL-33. In vitro, IL-33 markedly induced the proliferation and migration of pulmonary fibroblasts, and significantly up-regulated the expression of p-IκBα (total lysate), p-NF-κB p65(total lysate), NF-κB p65 (nucleus), eIF3a, α-SMA, Col1 and Col3. But all these effects of IL-33 were reversed by pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate. Conclusion The results suggest that IL-33 may promote the expression of eIF3a by activating NF-κB signaling pathway, thus inducing the proliferation and differentiation of MFbs and promoting the occurrence and development of PF.

Evaluation and impact analysis of ChatGPT′s competence in ethical review management / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective:This paper tried to have a dialogue with ChatGPT about ethics review, to understand the degree of intelligence of this application in the field of ethical management, and to analyze its possible impact on the future ethics review work.Methods:The research team sorted out 43 questions, then the research team member at abroad accomplish the dialogue with ChatGPT in both Chinese and English. Feedback answers were summarized and analyzed to explore their advantages and problems.Results:Most of the ChatGPT′s answers of this test were reasonable, with obvious advantages in response speed, and the rigor and friendliness were relatively good. However, there were also problems in consistency, comprehensiveness and expertise, the accuracy and computing power also still have a lot of space for improvement.Conclusions:It is too early for AI to replace professionals, but we should fully develop and utilize the advantages of AI to help professionals get rid of inefficient labor and play a better role.

Effects of high frequency flash stimulation on the capacity of learning memory and autonomous exploratory in young rats / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effects of 40 Hz and 70 Hz frequency flash stimulation on the ability of learning memory and autonomous exploratory in young rats.Methods:Twenty-seven SPF grade male SD rats aged 19-21 days were divided into control group (Ctr group), 40 Hz group and 70 Hz group with 9 in each group according to the random number table.The rats in Ctr group were not given flash stimulation, while rats in the 40 Hz and 70 Hz group were received 40 Hz, 70 Hz flash stimulation (1.5 h/d for 39 days), respectively.The Morris water maze experiment was used to assess the learning and memory ability of rats, and the open field experiment was used to evaluate the ability of autonomous exploratory of rats.Nissl staining was used to assess the morphology of Nissl bodies in the hippocampus CA1 region of the rats.The local field potentials (LFPs) collected from the primary visual cortex (V1 area) region by electrophysiological experiments was used to verify the synchronization of flash evoked neural oscillations.SPSS 23.0 software was used for statistical analysis.The repeated measures ANOVA and one-way ANOVA were used to analyze normal distribution measurement data, and LSD and Tamhane tests were used for further pairwise comparison.The Kruskal-Wallis test was used for non-normal distribution measurement data.Results:(1) The flash stimulation of 40 Hz and 70 Hz both can effectively caused synchronization of neural oscillations in the primary visual cortex of healthy young rats.(2) The results of repeated measures ANOVA analysis showed that there was no interaction effect of grouping and time in the escape latency of young rats in the Morris water maze positioning navigation phase( F=1.326, P>0.05 ). The escape latency had time main effect ( F=40.025, P<0.05), but no grouping main effect ( F=2.039, P>0.05). With the increase of learning days, the escape latency of young rats in each group decreased significantly.There was no interaction effect of grouping and time in the total distance of young rats ( F=2.029, P>0.079). It had time main effect ( F=32.052, P<0.05), but not grouping main effect ( F=2.390, P>0.05) on total distance.With the increase of learning days, the total distance of young rats in each group significantly shortened.On the 6th day of the Morris water maze experiment, there was no statistically significant difference among groups in terms of time in the target quadrant and the number of crossing platforms ( F=2.511, 0.802, both P>0.05). The results of the open field experiment showed that the total distance traveled in the center of young rats in each group was statistically significant ( H=8.935, P<0.05), the total distance traveled in the center in the 70 Hz group (3.80 (2.25, 6.93) m)was significantly longer than that in the 40 Hz group (0.80 (0.72, 1.46) m), P<0.05). The percentage of time spent in the center was statistically significant in the three groups ( H=11.050, P<0.05). Young rats in the 70 Hz group spent significantly higher percentage of time in the center(3.20(2.43, 8.30)) than those in the 40 Hz group (0.95 (0.37, 1.06 ), P<0.05 ). (3) Nissl staining results showed that Nissl bodies in the hippocampal CA1 area of young rats in Ctr, 40 Hz and 70 Hz group were all arranged neatly and tightly, no edema was found in the surrounding stroma, and no obvious inflammatory cell infiltration was found. Conclusion:70 Hz frequency flash stimulation may promote the ability of learning memory and autonomous exploratory of young rats.

Analysis of the efficacy of 3D printing-assisted hematoma puncture and drainage in the treatment of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage and the factors of postoperative brain dysfunction / 国际外科学杂志

Objective:To observe the efficacy of 3D printing-assisted hematoma puncture and drainage in the treatment of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage and to explore the factors affecting postoperative brain dysfunction.Methods:A retrospective Case-control study was conducted to select 168 hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage patients who were treated with 3D printing assisted hematoma puncture and drainage in the People′s Hospital of Yuechi County from January 2020 to September 2022 as the observation group, and 125 hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage patients who were treated with CT guided hematoma puncture and drainage in the People′s Hospital of Yuechi County at the same time as the control group. The clinical efficacy of the two groups of patients was compared. According to the occurrence of postoperative brain dysfunction, the patients in the observation group were divided into normal brain function group ( n=121) and brain dysfunction group ( n=47). The clinical data of age, preoperative cerebral hernia, blood loss, ventilator-assisted ventilation, postoperative Glasgow coma index score (GCS) and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the factors affecting postoperative brain dysfunction in the observation group, and a line chart model was constructed and its predictive efficiency was evaluated. The measurement data of normal distribution is expressed as mean ± standard deviation ( ± s), and independent sample t-test is used for inter group comparison. Chi-square test was used for comparison between count data groups. Results:The proportion of the drainage tube in the hematoma, hematoma clearance rate at 3 and 7 days after surgery, total effective rate of treatment, and GCS score at 1 week after surgery in the observation group were 88.69%(149/168), 54.17%(91/168), 96.43%(162/168), 92.86%(156/168), and 10.72±3.45, respectively, the control group was 75.20%(94/125), 36.80%(46/125), 81.60%(102/125), 76.80%(96/125), and 9.08±3.22, respectively, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Advanced age ( OR=1.983, 95% CI: 1.169-2.732, P=0.017), preoperative cerebral hernia ( OR=1.532, 95% CI: 1.113-2.139, P=0.029), bleeding volume ≥ 50 mL ( OR=2.538, 95% CI: 1.802-3.347, P=0.003), postoperative GCS score 3-5 ( OR=2.874, 95% CI: 2.265-3.449, P<0.001), postoperative hypoxemia ( OR=2.251, 95% CI: 1.673-2.842, P=0.010) and postoperative chronic hydrocephalus ( OR=1.642, 95% CI: 1.214-2.021, P=0.022) were risk factors for postoperative brain dysfunction, while ventilator-assisted ventilation ( OR=0.656, 95% CI: 0.132-0.828, P=0.038) was protective factors. The internal verification of the line chart model by Bootstrap resampling method shows that the model has high differentiation, accuracy and validity. Conclusion:The application of 3D printing-assisted localization in hematoma puncture and drainage can improve the puncture condition and the hematoma clearance rate and clinical effect of patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage. Advanced age, preoperative cerebral hernia and bleeding volume are related to postoperative brain dysfunction. Clinical attention should be paid to patients with risk indicators of postoperative brain dysfunction.

Distribution of pathogenic bacteria of bloodstream infection after chemotherapy in patients with acute leukemia and risk factors analysis of the occurrence of adverse events and prediction model construction / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective:To investigate the distribution of pathogenic bacteria of bloodstream infection after chemotherapy in patients with acute leukemia (AL), to analyze the risk factors for the occurrence of adverse events and to construct a nomogram model to predict the occurrence of adverse events.Methods:The clinical data of 313 AL patients with bloodstream infection who were admitted to the First Hospital of Jilin University from January 2018 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, and the incidence, fatality and distribution characteristics of pathogenic bacteria after chemotherapy in AL patients were analyzed; the occurrence of adverse events (death or infectious shock) in patients with different clinicopathological characteristics were compared. Unconditional logistic binary regression model multifactor analysis was used to screen independent risk factors for the occurrence of adverse events in AL patients with bloodstream infection after chemotherapy; the nomogram model for predicting the occurrence of adverse events was developed by using R software; the Hosmer-Lemeshow test was used to verify the predictive effect of the model.Results:Of the 313 AL patients, the overall fatality rate was 4.2% (13/313), the all-cause fatality rate of bloodstream infection was 3.5% (11/313). Of the 313 cases, 254 cases (81.1%) were Gram-negative bacteria infection, mainly including 115 cases (45.3%) of Escherichia coli, 80 cases (31.5%) of Klebsiella pneumoniae, and 29 cases (11.4%) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and 10 cases (3.9%) died; 51 cases (16.3%) were Gram-positive cocci infection, mainly including 22 cases (43.1%) of Streptococcus spp., 20 cases (39.2%) of Staphylococcus spp., 7 cases (13.7%) of Enterococcus faecalis, and 0 case died; 8 cases (2.6%) were fungal infection, including 4 cases (1.3%) of Candida tropicalis, 2 cases (0.6%) of Candida subsmoothis, 1 case (0.3%) of Candida smooth, 1 case (0.3%) of new Cryptococcus, and 3 cases (37.5%) died. The differences in the occurrence rates of adverse events were statistically significant when comparing different treatment stage, risk stratification, timing of sensitive antibiotic use, total duration of fever, and glucocorticoid use in chemotherapy regimen, infecting bacteria carbapenem resistance, and leukemia remission (all P < 0.05). The results of logistic binary regression analysis showed that the use of glucocorticoid in chemotherapy regimen, the total duration of fever ≥7 d, the timing of sensitive antibiotic use ≥24 h, and carbapenem resistance of the infecting bacteria were independent risk factors for the occurrence of adverse events in AL patients with bloodstream infection after chemotherapy (all P < 0.05). A nomogram prediction model for the occurrence of adverse events in AL patients with bloodstream infection was established, and the nomogram model was calibrated and validated with good calibration and discrimination. Conclusions:The pathogenic bacteria of bloodstream infection after chemotherapy in AL patients is mainly Gram-negative bacteria, and the presence of glucocorticoid in chemotherapy regimen, long total duration of fever, poor timing of sensitive antibiotics, and infecting bacteria carbapenem resistance are risk factors for the occurrence of adverse events in AL patients with bloodstream infection after chemotherapy, and the nomogram prediction model based on these factors has a reliable predictive ability for the occurrence of adverse events.

Efficacy Evaluation of Biejiajianwan in the Treatment of Primary Liver Cancer Based on Real-world Data of Traditional Chinese Medicine / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and influencing factors of Biejiajianwan in the treatment of primary liver cancer based on real-world data of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. MethodClinical diagnosis and treatment data of patients with primary liver cancer admitted to five Grade-A tertiary hospitals in Henan Province from January 2015 to December 2020 were collected from the medical electronic database. The patients treated with Biejiajianwan for ≥30 days were assigned to the exposure group and those without treatment with Biejiajianwan or treated with Biejiajianwan for <30 days to the non-exposure group. The propensity score matching model was used to balance confounding factors between the two groups according to the 1∶1 genetic matching method. Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis and survival curve plotting. Log-rank was used to test the difference in survival rate between the two groups. Univariate analysis of Biejiajianwan in the treatment of primary liver cancer was performed by Log-rank test combined with the Kaplan-Meier method. The factors with statistical significance （P<0.05） were combined with unbalanced factors by the propensity score matching model， and at the same time， clinical common sense and relevant prognostic factors by literature search were considered， which were subjected to multivariate analysis by Cox proportional hazards regression model. ResultA total of 2 207 electronic cases were collected，including 174 cases in the exposure group （Biejiajianwan group） and 2 033 cases in the non-exposure group. After propensity score matching， there were 174 cases in the exposure group and 174 cases in the non-exposure group. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis on the matched data， and the Log-rank test results showed that the survival rate of patients with primary liver cancer in the Biejiajianwan group was higher than that in the control group （χ2=12.193， P<0.01）. Cox proportional hazards regression model analysis showed that the regression coefficient of Biejiajianwan was -0.916 4 with the hazard ratio （HR） ［95% confidence interval （CI）］=0.4 （0.239 5-0.668 0）， P<0.01， and the regression coefficient of radiofrequency ablation treatment was -0.976 5 with HR （95% CI）=0.376 6 （0.172 8-0.821 1， P<0.05）. Fibrinogen （FIB） abnormal regression coefficient was 0.481 4 with HR （95% CI）=1.618 4（1.022 0-2.562 9），P<0.05. ConclusionBiejiajianwan can prolong the survival period of patients with primary liver cancer. Radiofrequency ablation is an independent protective factor for Biejiajianwan in the treatment of primary liver cancer，while abnormal FIB are independent risk factors for Biejiajianwan in the treatment of primary liver cancer.

Research Progress of GABA Receptors in Alzheimer’s Disease / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with the early symptom of A β plaque, tau hyperphosphorylation neuronal tangle formation in cells. At present, accumulated evidence shows that the changes of GABA receptors are closely related to AD. Some studies have shown that the expression level of each subunit of the GABA receptor changes in AD patients. Therefore, it is speculated that the changes of GABA subunits may be related to the pathogenesis of AD, but there is no better methods to improve AD by targeting GABA receptors. In order to further understand the relationship between the changes of GABA receptors and AD, this paper first reviewed the changes of GABA receptors in AD patients and animal models’ brains and found that there was differential expression in GABA(A) receptor subunits in AD patients. Then we summarized the changes of GABA receptor subunits in Alzheimer database. Based on the data, we found that a few GABA subunits had significant changes. The evidence shows that the change of GABA receptors alters the neural activity in the brain. Other studies have found that the treatment of mice with GABA receptor agonists and antagonists can improve the cognitive ability of mice. We hope that understanding the differential expression of GABA receptors in AD will provide a more accurate target for the treatment of AD.

Diagnosis and individualized drug therapy for the rejection with hyperglycemia after liver Transplantation / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

AIM: To establish individualized drug therapy strategy for patients with rejection and hyperglycemia after liver transplantation. METHODS: Clinical pharmacist collaborated with the surgeons and participated in the diagnosis and treatment of rejection and hyperglycemia after liver transplantation. Taking together liver function, therapeutic drug monitoring, drug-drug interactions between tacrolimus and wuzhi capsule, individualized drug therapy was adapted to improve the prognosis. RESULTS: The patient recovered well and survived in good health till now. CONCLUSION: It is highly suggested that clinical pharmacists actively involved in treatment of more severe and difficult-to-treat disease and design the individualized dosing regimens. This will largely contribute in reduced adverse drug reaction, improved safety and effectiveness in drug use as well as the quality of life in the "post-transplantation era".

Analysis of 9 cases of pediatric-type follicular lymphoma / 中华儿科杂志

Objective: To summarize the pathological diagnosis, clinical features, treatment methods and outcomes of pediatric-type follicular lymphoma (PTFL). Methods: Clinical data including the pathology, clinical features, treatment methods, and follow-up results of 9 PTFL patients admitted to Henan Cancer Hospital from February 2017 to February 2023 were analyzed retrospectively. Results: The age of onset in 9 children was 6 to 18 years, all the patients were males. The clinical manifestation was local painless lymph node enlargement in the head and neck, with a stage of Ⅰ-Ⅱ. The histomorphological characteristics of PTFL were similar to those of classic follicular lymphoma (FL). The germinal center of most follicles were enlarged, the mantle zone disappeared, centroblasts were easily visible, and the histological grade were mostly grade Ⅲ, which may be accompanied by the "starry sky" phenomenon. Monoclonal peaks can be seen in B cell clonal rearrangements (BCR). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) showed CD20 positive, CD10 positive, Bcl-6 positive, Bcl-2 negative, C-myc negative, and Ki-67 was 70%-95%. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) test was negative for t (14, 18), Bcl-2 translocation, and C-myc translocation. Six cases underwent surgical resection, and 3 cases underwent surgical resection combined with chemotherapy. Up to February 2023, with a follow-up time of 45 to 72 months, all children survived without any recurrence and were in a complete remission state. Conclusions: PTFL is mainly characterized by adolescent male onset, with early clinical manifestations and pathological manifestations of high-level histological status, high proliferation index, and lack of t (14; 18)/Bcl-2 translocation and Bcl-2 expression. It is mainly treated by localized surgical excision and has a good prognosis.

Study on the effect of chin morphology on orthodontic treatment / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the effect of different soft-tissue morphologies on the treatment of skeletal class Ⅰ malocclusion patients by analyzing measurement data before and after treatment.@*METHODS@#Pre- and post-treatment lateral cephalograms of 55 adult female Angle class Ⅰ patients were collected in the Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University from January 2012 to December 2020. Chin soft-tissue morphologies in the lateral cranial radiographs were used to divide the patients into an abnormal chin morphology group (flat and retracted chins, n=27) and a normal chin morphology group (rounded and prominent chins, n=28). Relevant soft- and hard-tissue indexes were selected to study in-group varieties and intergroup differences in the varying chin morphologies before and after treatment.@*RESULTS@#The chin-lip angle, mandibular chin angle, mandibular chin vertex angle, PP-MP, LL-E, UL-E, Po-Pos, and B-B' thickness in the abnormal chin morphology group were significantly higher than those in the normal chin morphology group (P<0.05). Furthermore, m∶BMe and n∶B'Mes in the abnormal chin morphology group were signi-ficantly lower than those in the normal chin morphology group (P<0.05). After treatment, the mandibular chin angle, mandibular chin vertex angle, U1-SN, L1-MP, LL-E, UL-E, SNA, SNB, and B-B' thickness of the abnormal chin morphology group significantly decreased (P<0.05), whereas the nasolabial angle, m∶BMe, n∶B' Mes, and Po-Pos significantly increased (P<0.05). In the normal chin morphology group, the U1-SN, L1-MP, LL-E, UL-E, and B-B' thicknesses decreased significantly (P<0.05), whereas the nasolabial angle significantly increased (P<0.05). Among them, m∶BMe and n∶B' Mes were positively correlated.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Chin morphology affects the formulation of treatment plans. Compared with the normal chin morphology group, the abnormal chin morphology group required a larger retraction of incisors. Although the chin of soft-tissue morphology is related to the morphology of bones, the changes in soft tissue chin after treatment cannot be directly predicted according to the bone changes. Soft-tissue chin morphology affects the aesthetic assessment of the soft-tissue lateral profile and the change in soft tissue before and after treatment. The method of predicting the change in soft-tissue chin after treatment should consider the morphology of the soft-tissue chin.

Construction of jingjin differentiation system based on holistic concept / 中国针灸

As a diagnostic method to guide the treatment of sinew/fascia diseases, jingjin (muscle regions of meridians) differentiation is an important component of syndrome differentiation system of acupuncture and moxibustion. In clinical practice, because of the limitations of the ideological guidance of the holistic view, the systemic and dialectical thinking and the syndrome element collection, the system of diagnosis and treatment of sinew/fascia diseases is not comprehensive. Through combing the origin of the holistic view of jingjin, the paper expounds the differentiation framework of sinew/fascia diseases from 4 aspects of differentiation, i.e. the location of disease, etiology, nature of disease and condition of disease. It suggests to construct jingjin differentiation system by taking the holistic ideas as the core, the syndrome element research as the common method and the evidence-based medicine as the theoretical basis so that the thinking of syndrome differentiation and the diagnostic approaches based on jingjin theory can be enriched.

Effects of Th17 and Treg cells with their balance on thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy(TAO)is an organ-specific autoimmune disease, which will cause a series of symptoms to significantly reduce the health level and life quality of patients. The pathogenesis of TAO has not been fully clarified. At present, there is a lack of unified and mature treatment scheme of it. Indeed, T-helper 17 lymphocyte(Th17)cells, regulatory T(Treg)cells and their imbalance are closely related to the immunological pathogenesis of TAO. It is currently believed that the cytokines secreted by Th17 cells can not only promote the inflammatory response of TAO and the fibrosis of orbital connective tissue, but also inhibit the adipogenic differentiation of TAO orbital connective tissue. In addition, Treg cells mainly exert immunosuppressive effect on TAO and delay the disease progression. At the same time, there is a dynamic balance relationship between Th17 and Treg cells, the imbalance of Th17/Treg cells can trigger the occurrence and development of TAO. This paper mainly expounds the influence mechanism of Th17, Treg cells and their balance on TAO, and analyzes the reasons for the differences between different research results, so as to provide some reference for the study of the pathogenesis and clinical treatment of TAO.

A Deep Mesencephalic Nucleus Circuit Regulates Licking Behavior / 神经科学通报·英文版

Licking behavior is important for water intake. The deep mesencephalic nucleus (DpMe) has been implicated in instinctive behaviors. However, whether the DpMe is involved in licking behavior and the precise neural circuit behind this behavior remains unknown. Here, we found that the activity of the DpMe decreased during water intake. Inhibition of vesicular glutamate transporter 2-positive (VGLUT2+) neurons in the DpMe resulted in increased water intake. Somatostatin-expressing (SST+), but not protein kinase C-δ-expressing (PKC-δ+), GABAergic neurons in the central amygdala (CeA) preferentially innervated DpMe VGLUT2+ neurons. The SST+ neurons in the CeA projecting to the DpMe were activated at the onset of licking behavior. Activation of these CeA SST+ GABAergic neurons, but not PKC-δ+ GABAergic neurons, projecting to the DpMe was sufficient to induce licking behavior and promote water intake. These findings redefine the roles of the DpMe and reveal a novel CeASST-DpMeVGLUT2 circuit that regulates licking behavior and promotes water intake.

Computational Medicine: Past, Present and Future / 中国结合医学杂志

Computational medicine is an emerging discipline that uses computer models and complex software to simulate the development and treatment of diseases. Advances in computer hardware and software technology, especially the development of algorithms and graphics processing units (GPUs), have led to the broader application of computers in the medical field. Computer vision based on mathematical biological modelling will revolutionize clinical research and diagnosis, and promote the innovative development of Chinese medicine, some biological models have begun to play a practical role in various types of research. This paper introduces the concepts and characteristics of computational medicine and then reviews the developmental history of the field, including Digital Human in Chinese medicine. Additionally, this study introduces research progress in computational medicine around the world, lists some specific clinical applications of computational medicine, discusses the key problems and limitations of the research and the development and application of computational medicine, and ultimately looks forward to the developmental prospects, especially in the field of computational Chinese medicine.