Augmenting locking plate with autologous bone graft for the treatment of nonunion of long bone fracture in the lower extremity with retaining of the original intramedullary nail / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore clinical effect of attaching locking plate with bone grafting based on retaining the original intramedullary nail in treating non-union after intramedullary nail fixation of long shaft fractures of lower limbs.@*METHODS@#A retrospective study was conducted on 20 patients treated with non-union fractures after intramedullary nailing of long shaft fractures of lower limbs from June 2015 to June 2020. All patients were treated with the original intramedullary nailing and bone grafting from the iliac bone, and were underwent open reduction plate internal fixation and bone grafting for old fractures. Among them, 14 were males and 6 were females, aged from 35 to 56 years old with an average of (42.2±9.6) years old. Nine patients were femoral shaft fracture and 11 patients were tibial shaft fracture. According to characteristics of fracture end nonunion, 6 patients were stable/atrophic, 9 patients were unstable/large, and 5 patients were unstable/atrophic. The nonunion time ranged from 8 to 12 months with an average of(9.8±2.0) months after the initial surgery. Visual analogue scale (VAS), knee range of motion, bone healing time, complications and fracture-end healing were recorded before and at the latest follow-up.@*RESULTS@#All patients were followed up for 18 to 48 months with an average of (36.3±10.5) months. The incision of all patients were healed at stageⅠwithout complications such as infection or internal fixation ruptur. Healing time of femur and tibia was (8.5±2.6) months and (9.5±2.2) months. Knee joint motion increased from preoperative (101.05±8.98) ° to postoperative (139.35±8.78) ° at the latest follow-up (t=-12.845, P<0.001). VAS decreased from preoperative (5.15±1.72) to postoperative (0.75±0.96) at the latest follow-up (t=11.186, P<0.001).@*CONCLUSION@#On the basis of retaining the original intramedullary nail, the addition of locking plate internal fixation and autogenous iliac bone grafting have advantages of simple operation, less trauma, fewer complications and high fracture healing rate. It is one of the effective surgical schemes for the treatment of nonunion after intramedullary nail fixation of long bone fracture of lower extremity.

Oxymatrine improves palmitic acid-induced vascular endothelial cell injury through Akt-eNOS-NO signaling pathway / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the protective effect of oxymatrine (OMT) on vascular endothelial cell injury induced by palmitic acid ( PA) and its mechanism. Methods Cell viability was detected by MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The levels of oxygen species ( ROS) in cells, and lactate de-hydrogenase, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) , glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and nitric oxide ( NO) in cell culture medium were detected by ELISA. The protein expressions of bcl-2, bax, caspase-3, Akt and eNOS in HUVECs were detected by Western blot. Results OMT significantly inhibited PA-induced decrease in cell viability and increase in level of LDH in HUVECs. OMT also significantly inhibited PA-induced increase in cell apoptosis, and up-regulated the protein expression ratio of bcl-2/ bax and down-regulated the protein expression of caspase-3. In addition, OMT reduced the levels of ROS and MDA, and increased the levels of SOD, GSH-Px and NO in cell-culture medium treated with PA. Furthermore, OMT increased the protein phospho-rylation of Akt and eNOS in injured cells. Conclusion OMT ameliorates PA-induced vascular endothelial cell injury through Akt-eNOS-NO signaling pathway.

Treatment of neovascular glaucoma by anti-vascular endothelial growth factor combined with ultrasonic ciliary plasty / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of ultrasonic ciliary plasty(UCP)combined with injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)in the treatment of neovascular glaucoma(NVG).METHODS: A total of 30 NVG patients(30 eyes)admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College from September 2020 to September 2021 were selected. After admission, all the eyes of the patients were injected with anti-VEGF drug(ranibizumab). After surgery, 15 patients were randomly selected for UCP treatment(UCP group), and the other 15 patients received trabeculectomy(trabeculectomy group). During the 10mo postoperative follow-up, the decrease of intraocular pressure was compared between the two groups and the changes of the degree of ocular pain and the occurrence of related complications were evaluated at each follow-up visit.RESULTS: The intraocular pressure and pain degree of the UCP and trabeculectomy groups were significantly lower than those before operation, and the complication probability of the UCP group was less than that of the trabeculectomy group.CONCLUSION: With fewer complications and high safety, UCP combined with anti-VEGF injection can effectively control intraocular pressure and pain in NVG patients.

Improving the understanding of PI-RADS in practice: characters of PI-RADS 4 and 5 lesions with negative biopsy / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

The Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) has good ability to identify the nature of lesions on prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, some lesions are still reported as PI-RADS 4 and 5 but are biopsy-proven benign. Herein, we aimed to summarize the reasons for the negative prostate biopsy of patients who were assessed as PI-RADS 4 and 5 by biparameter MRI. We retrospectively sorted out the prostate MRI, treatment, and follow-up results of patients who underwent a biparameter MRI examination of the prostate in The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing, China) from August 2019 to June 2021 with PI-RADS 4 and 5 but a negative biopsy. We focused on reviewing the MRI characteristics. A total of 467 patients underwent transperineal prostate biopsy. Among them, biopsy pathology of 93 cases were negative. After follow-up, 90 patients were ruled out of prostate cancer. Among the 90 cases, 40 were considered to be overestimated PI-RADS after review. A total of 22 cases were transition zone (TZ) lesions with regular appearance and clear boundaries, and 3 cases were symmetrical lesions. Among 15 cases, the TZ nodules penetrated the peripheral zone (PZ) and were mistaken for the origin of PZ. A total of 17 cases of lesions were difficult to distinguish from prostate cancer. Among them, 5 cases were granulomatous inflammation (1 case of prostate tuberculosis). A total of 33 cases were ambiguous lesions, whose performance was between PI-RADS 3 and 4. In summary, the reasons for "false-positive MRI diagnosis" included PI-RADS overestimation, ambiguous images giving higher PI-RADS, diseases that were really difficult to distinguish, and missed lesion in the initial biopsy; and the first two accounted for the most.

A cross-sectional study into the correlation of common household risk factors and allergic rhinitis in Taiwan's tropical environment

OBJECTIVE@#To discuss the effect of lesser-known potential risk factors, such as bedroom showers, on the prevalence of allergic rhinitis.@*METHOD@#A cross-sectional, population-based study was performed using both survey and fungal culturing in southern Taiwan. There were 998 participants enrolled in the survey, and 513 sets of fungal culture obtained. With score for allergic rhinitis (SFAR) more than 7, the patient was defined to have allergic rhinitis. Risks of allergic rhinitis were calculated as odds ratios for various predicted risk factors by logistic regression. Correlation between predicted risk factors and fungal level were examined with linear regression.@*RESULTS@#The adjusted odds ratio of frequently using bedroom shower to having allergic rhinitis was 1.572 (95% confidence interval: 1.090-2.265), and 0.962 for people with older age to have AR (95% confidence interval: 0.949-0.976). As to the 24-hour fungal level, the standardized coefficient was 0.254 for frequent use of bedroom shower, and 0.106 for window open hours.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Use of bedroom shower is a potential risk factor for allergic rhinitis development.

A cross-sectional study into the correlation of common household risk factors and allergic rhinitis in Taiwan's tropical environment

Objective To discuss the effect of lesser-known potential risk factors, such as bedroom showers, on the prevalence of allergic rhinitis. Method A cross-sectional, population-based study was performed using both survey and fungal culturing in southern Taiwan. There were 998 participants enrolled in the survey, and 513 sets of fungal culture obtained. With score for allergic rhinitis (SFAR) more than 7, the patient was defined to have allergic rhinitis. Risks of allergic rhinitis were calculated as odds ratios for various predicted risk factors by logistic regression. Correlation between predicted risk factors and fungal level were examined with linear regression. Results The adjusted odds ratio of frequently using bedroom shower to having allergic rhinitis was 1.572 (95% confidence interval: 1.090–2.265), and 0.962 for people with older age to have AR (95% confidence interval: 0.949–0.976). As to the 24-hour fungal level, the standardized coefficient was 0.254 for frequent use of bedroom shower, and 0.106 for window open hours. Conclusions Use of bedroom shower is a potential risk factor for allergic rhinitis development.

Isolation, identification and lead adsorption study of lead-resistant Lactobacillus casei strains from feces of healthy newborns / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To isolate and identify lead-resistant Lactobacillus casei strains with lead adsorption ability from the stool of healthy newborns as a new source of bacteria for developing lead-eliminating food products.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>MRS was used to isolate lead-resistant bacteria from the feces of 30 healthy and full-term neonates. A phylogenetic tree was constructed based on the morphological characteristics and 16S rRNA sequences of the isolated bacteria. Physiological and biochemical characterizations of the bacteria were performed according to the Berger's Systematic Bacteriology Handbook, followed by antimicrobial susceptibility test and acid-tolerant bile salt test. The adsorption capacity of Pbof the bacteria was determined by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Three strains of Lactobacillus casei were isolated, which were resistant to penicillin and ceftriaxone and could tolerate the exposure to 500 mg/L Pb. Acid-tolerant bile salt test showed that the bacteria were resistant to culture in the presence of artificial gastric juice (pH 2.0) for 3 h, and their survival rate reached 62.5% following exposure to 0.3% bile salt for 8 h. The bacteria showed a Pbadsorption rate of 90.4% at a low Pbconcentration (1 mg/L) and of 86.27% at a high Pbconcentration (50 mg/L).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Three Lactobacillus casei strains lead adsorption ability were isolated from the feces of newborns. These bacterial strains provide a new solution to alleviate lead poisoning by probiotic dietary.</p>