RESUMEN
@#Breast cancer is the most common malignancy and the fifth leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the world. Breast cancer is a global health problem that poses a heavy burden on patients and their families as well as socioeconomic development. As an important component in the management of breast cancer, radiotherapy plays a vital role in its comprehensive treatment. This review describes advances made toward the application of adjuvant radiotherapy in the treatment of breast cancer.
RESUMEN
Objective To investigate the effects of rotavirus ( RV) on the expression and bioactiv-ity of Na+-H+ exchanger 3 ( NHE3 ) in Caco-2 cells and the possible regulatory mechanism. Methods Caco-2 cells expressing NHE3 were constructed and divided into four groups as follows: control ( CTL ) group, RV group, BAPTA-AM ( a Ca2+ chelator) group and BAPTA-AM+RV group. Na+-H+ exchanger ac-tivity and NHE3 expression on cell surface were determined using BCECF-AM and biotinylation assay, re-spectively. Expression of Cdc42 at protein level was measured by Western blot. Results Compared with the control group, RV infection significantly decreased the activity of NHE3 and its expression on cell surface. BATPA-AM antagonized the inhibitory effects on NHE3. Moreover, the expression of Cdc42 at protein level was increased following RV infection, which was also antagonized by BATPA-AM. Conclusions Intracellu-lar Ca2+-mediated Cdc42-dependent endocytosis pathway might be involved in regulating the expression and bioactivity of NHE3 during RV infection.
RESUMEN
Objective To explore the association between nuclear factor kappa-light-chainenhancer of activated genetic polymorphisms in B cells (NF-κB) and the HCV susceptibility,among the Chinese population.Methods A total of 1 679 participants were enrolled;including 503 drug users and 1 176 other participants at risk under the exposure for blood.By using the logistic regression analysis,related risk factors for HCV infection among subjects were analyzed.Two NF-κB pathway variants,NF-κB1 rs72696119 and REL rs13031237 were then genotyped by TaqMan assay method.Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the association between gene polymorphisms and the susceptibility on HCV.Results Among the drug users,women (OR=0.408,95％CI:0.308-0.767) appeared to be associated with the decreased risk for HCV infection,while factors as drug injection (OR=8.817,95％CI:5.577-13.937) and the duration of drug-intake ＞5.5 years (OR=2.891,95％CI:1.824-4.583) were associated with the increased risk for HCV infection.Among the participants who had been exposed to blood,women (OR=3.431,95％ CI:2.360-4.988) were associated with the increased risk for HCV infection,while the levels of education beyond elementary school (OR =0.613,95％ CI:0.429-0.876) were associated with the decreased risk for HCV infection.Compared to the reference NF-κB1 rs72696119 CC genotype,the carriage of GG genotype was associated with an increased risk of susceptibility on HCV (OR=1.412,95％ CI:1.035-1.927) among the total study population.Results from the interaction analysis showed that there was no interactive effects appeared between rs72696119 and route of infection,or between rs72696119 and gender among the total population under study (all P＞0.05).Conclusion NF-κB1 polymorphism rs72696119 and related factors seemed associated with the susceptibility to HCV infection among high-risk Chinese populations.
RESUMEN
Objective To explore the association between nuclear factor kappa-light-chainenhancer of activated genetic polymorphisms in B cells (NF-κB) and the HCV susceptibility,among the Chinese population.Methods A total of 1 679 participants were enrolled;including 503 drug users and 1 176 other participants at risk under the exposure for blood.By using the logistic regression analysis,related risk factors for HCV infection among subjects were analyzed.Two NF-κB pathway variants,NF-κB1 rs72696119 and REL rs13031237 were then genotyped by TaqMan assay method.Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the association between gene polymorphisms and the susceptibility on HCV.Results Among the drug users,women (OR=0.408,95％CI:0.308-0.767) appeared to be associated with the decreased risk for HCV infection,while factors as drug injection (OR=8.817,95％CI:5.577-13.937) and the duration of drug-intake ＞5.5 years (OR=2.891,95％CI:1.824-4.583) were associated with the increased risk for HCV infection.Among the participants who had been exposed to blood,women (OR=3.431,95％ CI:2.360-4.988) were associated with the increased risk for HCV infection,while the levels of education beyond elementary school (OR =0.613,95％ CI:0.429-0.876) were associated with the decreased risk for HCV infection.Compared to the reference NF-κB1 rs72696119 CC genotype,the carriage of GG genotype was associated with an increased risk of susceptibility on HCV (OR=1.412,95％ CI:1.035-1.927) among the total study population.Results from the interaction analysis showed that there was no interactive effects appeared between rs72696119 and route of infection,or between rs72696119 and gender among the total population under study (all P＞0.05).Conclusion NF-κB1 polymorphism rs72696119 and related factors seemed associated with the susceptibility to HCV infection among high-risk Chinese populations.
RESUMEN
Objective To observe the effect of rotavirus (RV) infection on expression level and bioactivity of Na+-H+ exchanger 3 (NHE3) in Caco-2 cells. Methods Model of NHE3-expressing Caco-2 cells was constructed and studied in terms of intervention: control, RV, clathrin antagonist chlorpromazine (CPZ), and CPZ + RV. NHE3 activity and NHE3 protein amount on cell surface were determined by BCECF-AM and biotinylation, respectively. Expression level of clathrin was assayed by Western blot. Results Compared with control group, NHE3 activity and NHE3 surface protein level significantly decreased when the cells were treated with RV. These effects could not be completely cancelled by clathrin antagonist CPZ. Moreover, RV treatment could increase cellular protein level of clathrin, which was cancelled by CPZ. Conclusions The effect of RV infection on NHE3 expression level and biological activity may be related to clathrin-dependent endocytosis pathway, and may be also affected by other endocytosis pathways.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND:Previous animal experiments have demonstrated that mandibular advancement can cause the remodeling of temporomandibular joint tissue of young SD rats. This is mainly characterized by accelerated growth rate of the condyle tissue and secondary growth of mandible. But the ultrastructural remodeling of condylar chondrocytes remains poorly understood. OBJECTIVE:To observe the histological and ultrastructural variations of reconstructed condylar cartilage of young rats under the effect of continuous mandibular advancement. METHODS:SD rats aged 4 weeks were randomly divided into control and experimental groups. Rats in the experimental group were subjected to mandibular advancement for 24 hours and sacrificed at 3, 7, 14, 21 and 30 days of intervention. Condylar cartilage samples were harvested and their histological and ultrastructural changes were observed under optical microscope and transmission electron microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After 14 days of intervention, the thickness of condylar cartilage in the experimental group increased first and then became thin in the period of observation. The cartilage thickness variations in the postmedian condylar were significant (P < 0.01). After 7 days of intervention, the ultrastructure of condylar chondrocytes was reconstructed, including intracelular karyopyknosis, rough endoplasmic reticulum compartment sweling, smaler even absent lipid droplets, less and irregular microfilaments around the nucleus, broadened and increased extracelular matrix and the emergence of large gaps. These results demonstrate that under continuous mandibular advancement, the rat condylar cartilage wil become thick or thin with the endurance time, and chondrocyte matrix synthesis ability wil be significantly enhanced.
RESUMEN
Aim To study the effect of (S) -1, 8-(2-methyl phosphate ethoxy )-6-fluorine-7-( 4-methyl- pi-perazine-1-base )-3-[ S-benzyls-based-4-( for nitroben-zene methylene group amino )-1 , 2 , 4-all triazole-3 base]-quinoline ( 1-H )-4-ketone ( M18 ) on apoptosis of hepatocarcinoma SMMC-7721 cells in vitro. Meth-ods With different concentrations of M18 at different time used to treat SMMC-7721 cells, human breast cancer MB-231cells, human colon cancer HCT-116 cells, human hepatocarcinoma HEPG-2 cells, mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells ( BMSCs ) in vitro,the inhibition effects of M18 on cell proliferation were examined by MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was de-termined using Hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining and TUNEL method. Mitochondrial membrane poten-tial (△ψm ) was measured using a high content screening image system. Protein expression of caspase-3 , p53 and cytochrome C was detected with Western blot analysis. Results Treatment with M18 ( 4 ~32μmol·L-1 ) potently inhibited the proliferation of the cancer cells in time-and dose-dependent manners ( the IC50 value at 24 h in SMMC-7721 cells, MB-231cells, HCT-116 cells and HEPG-2 cells was 8. 65 μmol · L-1 , 9. 37 μmol · L-1 , 12. 74 μmol · L-1 and 9. 40μmol · L-1 , respectively ) . In contrast, M18 had weak cytotoxicity against BMSCs with IC50 value of 38. 96 μmol·L-1 . Levofloxacin had weak cytotoxicity against SMMC-7721 cells with IC50 value of 735. 10μmol·L-1 . Treatment of SMMC-7721cells with differ-ent concentrations of M18 for 24 h increased the per-centage of the apoptosis cells ( P <0. 05 ) and de-creased the mitochondrial membrane potential. In ad-dition, M18 increased protein expression of p53, caspase-3 and the cleaved activated forms of caspase-3 in SMMC-7721 cells. Treatment of SMMC-7721 cells with M18 significantly increased cytochrome C in the cytosol, and decreased cytochrome C in the mitochon-drial compartment. Conclusion The mitochondrial-dependent pathways are involved in M18 induction of apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cells.
RESUMEN
Objective To assess the safety and efifcacy of a novel biodegradable polymer-coated Cobalt-Chromium alloy sirolimus-eluting stent in a porcine model. Methods Bare metal stents (BMS) (n=15), commercial available EXcellstents (n=21), and Cobalt-Chromium alloy PLAG-coated sirolimus-eluting stents (Co-P-SES) (n=21) were implanted in left anterior descending coronary (LAD, n=28)and left circumflex coronary (LCX, n=13), and right coronary artery (RCA, n=16) of 30 mini-pigs randomly. Coronary angiography was performed 28 days, 90 days and 180 days after the stenting procedure to evaluate luminal loss (LL), and then, histomorphology analysis was performed. Results 28 days and 91 days after the implantation, there were no significant differences in LL, neointimal area, Inflammation score and endothelialization score among the three groups. 28 days after the implantation, better endothelialization was observed in Co-P-SES group compared with EXcellgroup under scanning electron microscope. 182 days after the implantation, there were larger lumen area and less neointimal area in Co-P-SES group compared with EXcellgroup under similar internal elastic lamina area[(4.31±0.94) mm2 vs. (2.62±1.17) mm2, P=0.020];[(1.87±0.53) mm2 vs. (0.84±0.41) mm2, P=0.004]with statistical significance. Conclusions The novel biodegradable polymer-coated Cobalt-Chromium alloy sirolimus-eluting stents showed similar safety compared with commercial available EXcellstents. There would be a better potential of the novel stent on inhibiting the neointimal proliferation and endothelialization. However, further preclinical study including long term endpoints and clinical study should be conducted in order to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the novel Co-P-SES.