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OBJECTIVE: To review the latest development of the superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles(SPION) as contrast agent for magnetic resonance imagine(MRI).
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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of transdermal fentanyl patches for moderate to severe cancer pain in aspects of pain control, quality of life, ADR, and etc. METHODS: Using the standard case report form combined with brief pain inventory (BPI) and numerical rating scale (NRS), 39 patients with moderate to severe cancer pain who received transdermal fentanyl (initial dose of 25 μg · h-1) for no less than five weeks were investigated. RESULTS: The total effective rate was 97.4% (38/39) and the average pain relief degree was 60.3%. All the patients gained significant improvement in multiple aspects of the quality of life. The main ADRs included constipation, dizziness, nausea, drowsiness, skin itch and etc, which were endurable, especially in the later therapeutic period. CONCLUSION: Transdermal fentanyl patches are the ideal alternative for patients with moderate to severe cancer pain. Copyright 2012 by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of different permeation enhancer on transdermal permeation of anemonin through human skin.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The permeation experiments were performed using human skin on modified Franz diffusion cells in vitro. The concentrations of anemonin in receptor compartment at specified time points were determined by HPLC. The steady flux and the cumulative quantity of anemonin through skin were calculated.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The flux of anemonin permeating through human skin from 30% ethanol, 50% ethanol solution and a combination of 3% laurocapm -5% polysorbate 20 and 30% ethanol -3 % laurocapm -5% polysorbate 20 of anemonin was (9.30 +/- 0.32), (18.56+/-0.58), (7.29+/-0.35), (13.77+/-0. 16) microg x cm(-2) x h(-1) and 7.9, 15.9, 6.2, 11.8 times higher than from saturated water solution respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ethanol and laurocapm can remarkably improve the transdermal permeation of anemonin and the anemonin have the potential to be developed to new transdermal preparation.</p>