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Objective:To establish a machine learning model for the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer based on transrectal contrast-enhanced ultrasound parameters and clinically relevant data.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on 151 patients in Chongqing University Cancer Hospital who underwent transrectal contrast-enhanced ultrasonography and transrectal ultrasound-guided needle biopsy from November 2018 to September 2021. The time intensity curve was drawn using VueBox software and 12 parameters such as rise time, peak time, average transit time, peak intensity, and rising slope were quantitatively analyzed. Age, total prostate-specific antigen, free prostate-specific antigen, free prostate-specific antigen ratio, volume, prostate-specific antigen density, and transrectal contrast-enhanced ultrasonography parameters, a total of 18 characteristic parameters, were analyzed and screened through relevant attribute values and information gain attribute values. The screening features were trained and tested by the machine learning single algorithm and integrated algorithm, and then the model was evaluated by the F1 value and the area under the ROC curve(AUC).Results:Using the related attribute value and the information gain attribute value, 12 variables and 5 variables were screened out respectively to establish a machine learning model. The model established by the ensemble algorithm was better than the single algorithm. For the two variable selection methods, the AUC (0.810 vs 0.789) and F1 values (0.748 vs 0.742) of the Bagging ensemble algorithm model, which basic algorithm was decision tree, were the highest, followed by Logistic regression and support vector machine(SVM) in order of AUC and F1 values.Conclusions:Based on transrectal contrast-enhanced ultrasound parameters and clinical data, the Bagging ensemble model based on decision tree has the best performance in diagnosing clinically significant prostate cancer.
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Objective@#To study the expression of Wnt2b protein and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition related markers in tissues of carcinoma of bile duct and normal bile duct to determine the clinical significance. The relationships between the expression levels and clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed, and the correlation between Wnt2b and epithelial interstitial transformation (EMT), tumor invasion and metastasis were studied.@*Methods@#A total of 60 patients with cholangiocarcinoma and 30 patients with normal bile duct tissues admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from December 2008 to December 2013 were studied. The expressions of Wnt2b, E-cadherin and Vimentin protein were detected by SP immunohistochemical staining. The patients were classified according to the expressions of these proteins. Analyses were conducted on the relationships of these proteins with clinical characteristics of the patients with cholangiocarcinoma.@*Results@#The positive expression rate of Wnt2b protein in carcinoma of bile duct tissues was 90.0%, which was significantly higher than that in normal bile duct tissues (χ2=38.1, P<0.05). The positive expression rate of Wnt2b in T3 + T4 was significantly higher than that in T1 + T2 (P<0.05). There were no correlations of the expression with patients’ age, gender, tumor location and degree of tumor differentiation (P>0.05). Patients with lymph node metastasis had a significantly higher positive expression of Vimentin than patients with no lymph node metastasis, and the loss of E-cadherin expression was increased (all P<0.05). There were no relationship of the expressions of these proteins with patients’ age, gender, tumor location and degree of tumor differentiation (P>0.05). The increased expression of Wnt2b in bile duct cancer cells was related to increase in EMT marker of the positive expression of vimentin and the loss of E-cadherin expression (both P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#Wnt2b protein overexpression in cholangiocarcinoma correlated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition related markers. The Wnt2b protein was correlated with cholangiocarcinoma occurrence, development, invasion and metastasis. Wnt2b has the potential to develop into a new therapeutic target for carcinoma of bile duct.
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Objective To study the expression of Wnt2b protein and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition related markers in tissues of carcinoma of bile duct and normal bile duct to determine the clinical significance. The relationships between the expression levels and clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed, and the correlation between Wnt2b and epithelial interstitial transformation (EMT), tumor inva-sion and metastasis were studied. Methods A total of 60 patients with cholangiocarcinoma and 30 patients with normal bile duct tissues admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from December 2008 to December 2013 were studied. The expressions of Wnt2b, E-cadherin and Vimentin protein were detected by SP immunohistochemical staining. The patients were classified according to the expressions of these proteins. Analyses were conducted on the relationships of these proteins with clinical characteristics of the patients with cholangiocarcinoma. Results The positive expression rate of Wnt2b protein in carcinoma of bile duct tissues was 90. 0％, which was significantly higher than that in normal bile duct tissues (χ2 =38. 1, P<0. 05). The positive expression rate of Wnt2b in T3 + T4 was significantly higher than that in T1 + T2(P<0. 05). There were no correlations of the expression with patients' age, gender, tumor location and degree of tumor differentiation (P>0. 05). Patients with lymph node metastasis had a significantly higher positive expression of Vimentin than patients with no lymph node metastasis, and the loss of E-cadherin expression was increased (all P<0. 05). There were no relationship of the expressions of these proteins with patients'age, gender, tumor location and degree of tumor differentiation (P>0. 05). The increased expression of Wnt2b in bile duct cancer cells was related to increase in EMT marker of the positive expression of vimentin and the loss of E-cadherin expression (both P <0. 05). Conclusions Wnt2b protein overexpression in cholangiocarcinoma correlated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition related markers. The Wnt2b protein was correlated with cholangiocarcinoma occurrence, development, invasion and metastasis. Wnt2b has the poten-tial to develop into a new therapeutic target for carcinoma of bile duct.
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Objective To investigate the clinical value of prenatal ultrasound in fetal meningocele and encephalocele.Methods Thirty nine fetuses with meningocele and encephalocele confirmed by prenatal ultrasound and abortion were acquired and their clinical data and sonographic features were retrospectively analyzed.Results Ultrasound screening in 111 620 cases showed 39 fetuses were with meningocele and encephalocele,accounting for 0.35％.Among them,16 cases were diagnosed with meningocele (including 1 case with two bulging parts) and 23 cases with encephalocele.Prenatal ultrasound could clearly detect the location and size fetal skull defect,and bulging features.According to their sonographic features,meningocele or encephalocele was determined.Conclusion Ultrasound could be a reliable prenatal screening method,provide an important basis for clinical intervention and have a significant clinical value in fetal meningocele and encephalocele.
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Objective To investigate the effect of palliative surgical treatment and minimally invasive biliary drainage of hilar cholangiocarcinoma.Methods Retrospectively collected 244 hilar cholangiocarcinoma patients clinical data in Affiliated Hospital of Qiingdao University between Jan.1,2008 to Dec.31,2011.Survival accoding to different treatment methods was compared using Kaplan-Meier method.The continuous measurement data were analyzed using the one-way ANOVA and the U test.The categorical variable were analyzed using the chi-square test or Fisher exact test.Result Among 244 patients, the R1/R2 resection group in 93 patients, the endoscopic retrograde biviar drainage group in 69 patients, the percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage group in 82 patiens.Three groups of median survival time and l-, 2-, 3-year survival rate and median survival time were (13.5 months, 8.9 months, 8.6 months), (63.0％, 24.7％, 7.4％), (33.3％, 3.3％, 0), (32.4％,4.2％, 0), respectively.There was significant difference in the survival time between R1/R2-resections and endoscopic retrograde biviary drainage treatments (P ＜ 0.001).R1/R2-resections and percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage treatments were statistical differences in survival time (P ＜ 0.001).Endoscopic retrograde biviary drainage and percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage treatments were no statistical differences in survival time (P =0.971).Conclusions Palliative surgical treatment for hilar cholangiocarcinoma patients had a more significant effect.Endoscopic retrograde biviary drainage and percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage of minimally invasive jaundice reducing method for prognosis in patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma was same.
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Objective To compare the clinical result of Da Vinci robot-assisted distal pancreatectomy(RDP) and laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy(LDP), and to evaluate the clinical application experience of Da Vinci robotassisted spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy.Methods From March 2013 to June 2015, totally 12 patients undergone RDP and 22 patients undergone LDP in our department were analyzed retrospectively.Results Intraoperative blood loss, hospitalization duration and postoperative fast time in RDP group was less than that in LDP group, the spleen-preserving rate and hospitalization expenses were higher in RDP group(P ＜ 0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the rate of surgery duration and incidence of postoperative complication between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The following-up period was 1-28 months with a mean of (9.94 ± 8.99) months, 1 case of peritoneal infection occurred in RDP group, 1 case of survival with tumor recurrence and 3 case suffered peritoneal infection in LDP group.Others were no metastasis, recurrence or death.Conclusions RDP is safe and feasible, the short-term prognosis is better than that of LDP.It has advantages of cleat 3 D visual field, stability in control,less invasive,and quick recovery.It is worth further clinical use.
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ObjectiveTo study the effect of α7 ( α7 AChR) agonist nicotine on regulating sensitivity of regular chemotherapeutic agent in cholangiocarcinoma cells,and explore the possible target.MethodsThe effect of nicotine and α-BTX pretreatment on the survival ability of cholangiocarcinoma cells was investigated when applied with 5-FU by using MTT and Flat cloning formation experiment.ResultsApplied with 5-FU,in various con centrations nicotine stimulating group( 10-3 g/L,10-4 g/L,10-5 g/L ),the survive rate of QBC939 was 128％,124％,118％,while that in α-BTX stimulating group and combined stimulation group was 92％,94％,93％,92％,respectively.The cloning formation ability of nicotine- stimulating group (6.2 ± 0.40) was significantly higher than α- BTX stimulating group (3.2 ± 0.20 ),combined stimulation group ( 3.2 ± 0.20 ) and control group ( 3.4 ±0.33).ConclusionNicotine can prevent chemotherapy-induced apoptosis,and improve cholangiocarcinoma cell survival via α7 nicotine acetylcholine receptor in vitro.
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Cholangiocarcinoma is a type of malignant tumor with high destruction.Due to its low diagnostic rate and high fatality rate,the operation is the unique therapeutic methods for the radical cure.However,the diagnosis and treatment for the disease were always in the phase of progression,so currently,the radical therapeutic rate is quite low,while the recurrence rate of the operation is extremely high.If the correlated mechanism of perineural invasion of cholangiocarcinoma could be understood,then interrupted its perineural invasion in the early period,that could greatly enhance the prognosis of cholangiocarcinoma patients.This article systematically reviews the progress of cholangiocarcinoma neural invasion related molecules and possible mechanism.