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Objective:To explore the efficacy of apatinib combined with S-1 capsule in the treatment of patients with advanced recurrent and metastatic esophageal cancer.Methods:A total of 140 patients with advanced esophageal cancer were selected as test subjects from January 2017 to January 2019 in Shandong Tai′an Cancer Prophylaction-Therapeutic Hospital. These patients were randomly divided into observation group (72 cases) and control group (68 cases) using random number table method. The patients in the observation group were treated with oral apatinib combined with S-1 chemotherapy, and the patients in the control group was only given S-1 chemotherapy. The short-term and long-term efficacy and adverse reactions of the two groups were observed.Results:The objective remission rates of the observation group was 38.9% (28/72), higher than that in the control group (22.1%, 15/68), with a statistically significant difference ( χ2=4.655, P=0.031). The disease control rate of the observation group was 88.9% (64/72), higher than that in the control group (61.8%, 42/68), and there was a significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=13.993, P<0.001). The median progression-free survival of the observation group and the control group was 5.9 months and 2.7 months respectively, the median overall survival was 14.8 months and 7.9 months respectively, and there were significant differences between the two groups ( χ2=5.477, P=0.026; χ2=6.083, P=0.014). The adverse reactions of the two groups were mild, grade 1-2, mainly including fatigue, leukopenia, hand-foot syndrome, hypertension and proteinuria, with incidences of 59.7% (43/72), 50.0% (36/72), 8.3% (6/72), 12.5% (9/72), 9.7% (7/72) in the observation group, and 51.5% (35/68), 57.4% (39/68), 17.6% (12/68), 4.4% (3/68), 4.4% (3/68) in the control group, there were no significant differences between the two groups ( χ2=0.965, P=0.326; χ2=0.760, P=0.383; χ2=2.708, P=0.100; χ2=2.919, P=0.088; χ2=0.794, P=0.373). Conclusion:Apatinib combined with S-1 is effective, safe and tolerable in the treatment of recurrent and metastatic esophageal cancer.
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Multiple myeloma is a more common malignant disease in blood medicine,which is characterized by hyper-proliferation and accumulation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow,resulting in a large number of monoclonal immunoglobulins and their fragments,leading to damage to the terminal organs.Of which about 80％ of patients have multiple myeloma bone diseases (MBD),which seriously affected the quality of life and prognosis of patients.We have found that the main cause of MBD are contributed to inhibition of osteoblasts,activation of osteoclast and affecting the occurrence by a variety of cytokines and pathways.This article will review and introduce the occurrence and development of MBD related to the latest factors and treatment.
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OBJECTIVE:To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pyogenic encephalitis in our hospital,and to pro-vide reference for rational use of antibiotics. METHODS:The cerebrospinal fluid pathogen of 4 255 patients with pyogenic encepha-litis in our hospital during Jan. 1st,2011-Dec. 31st,2014 were cultured and identified,and drug sensitivity test was conducted. RE-SULTS:A total of 834 pathogens were isolated with positive detection rate of 19.6%,including 576 strains of gram-positive bacte-ria,accounting for 69.1%;255 strains of gram-negative bacteria,accounting for 30.6%;3 strains of fungi,accounting for 0.4%. Top 3 gram-positive bacteria were Coagulase-negative staphylococci(436 strains),Staphylococcus aureus(56 strains)and Entero-coccus (29 strains). Top 3 gram-negative bacteria were Klebsiella pneumoniae (46 strains),Acinetobacter baumannii (38 strains) and Escherichia coli(31 strains). Top 3 departments were neurosurgery department(506 strains),ICU(169 strains)and severe re-spiratory disease department (64 strains). Results of drug sensitivity test showed that no drug-resistant Staphylococcus and Entero-coccus strains to vancomycin,teicoplanin and miuocycline was found;nonfermenting Gram-negative bacilli showed low resistant to minocycline. CONCLUSIONS:Gram-positive bacteria dominates the detection rate of cerebrospinal fluid of pyogenic encephalitis patients;drug resistance of various pathogens is serious and clinicians should choose antibiotics based on drug sensitivity.