The impact of hypoxia improvement on laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma chemotherapy / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the effect of hypoxia improvement in Hep-2 cell on cisplatin-induced apoptosis.@*METHOD@#Human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma Hep-2 cells and HIF-1α-RNAi-Hep-2 cells were cultured in normoxic, hypoxic and reoxygenation condition. The inhibition of cisplatin on cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay. The influence of cisplatin on cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry.@*RESULT@#The inhibition of cisplatin on cell proliferation was reduced by hypoxia. After HIF-1α gene was silenced, the inhibition of cisplatin on Hep-2 cell proliferation was increased apparently, but was still interfered partly by hypoxia. Hypoxia could induce cell apoptosis decreased and enhance chemotherapeutic resistance. After reoxygenation, cell apoptosis induced by cisplatin was increased significantly (P < 0.05). HIF-1α-RNAi-Hep-2 cells under hypoxia also showed certain resistance to apoptosis but the sensitivity to cisplatin was higher than that of Hep-2 cells. When cells were returned from hypoxic condition to normoxic condition for some time, the apoptosis induced by cisplatin was increased significantly (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The improvement of hypoxic microenvironment with HIF-1α gene knockout could increase the sensitivity of Hep-2 cells to chemotherapy.

The short-term efficacy of autogenous bone pate and palva graft for obliterating huge mastoid cavity in canal wall-down approach / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the short-term efficacy of autogenous bone pate and Palva graft for obliterating huge remnant mastoid cavity in canal wall down approach.@*METHOD@#Retrospective analysis clinical data of twenty-one cholesteatomatous cases operated by one surgeon from 2004 to 2007. In twelve cases, simultaneous III type tympanoplasty (Sheehy, P. O. P) was performed. Other 9 cases had undergone mastoidectomy elsewhere before the admission. Six of them were still draining with huge remnant mastoid cavity, and the rest three patients had relapsed cholesteatomas with intermittent draining and huge mastoid cavity. Normal saline solution perfusion was used to measure the volume of remnant mastoid cavity. The criterion of huge remnant mastoid cavity is more than 8 ml.@*RESULT@#Of twelve primary cases with III type tympanoplasty, 11 patients maintained a small, dry, and healthy mastoid cavity after twenty-seven days. The average increase of hearing level of them was 17.5dB, and the air-bone gap is less than 20 dB. Of one patient, bone pate was infected and was discharged. A dry mastoid cavity was achieved until fifty-five days after surgery. The patient is keeping a big air-bone gap caused by displacement of ossicle chain prosthesis. Just eighteen days later, other nine cases of revision mastoidectomy achieved a small, dry, and healthy mastoid cavity, with lightly improved hearing level.@*CONCLUSION@#Obliteration of a canal wall down huge mastoid cavity by Palva graft with autologous bone pate is a reliable and effective technique that results in a small, dry, low-maintenance mastoid cavity. The short-term efficacy of simultaneous III tympanoplasty is satisfactory if patient selection is suitable.

The Effect of Superior Cervical Sympathectomy on the Cochlear Blood Flow and Auditory Threshold in Guinea Pigs / 听力学及言语疾病杂志

Objective To investigate the regrlative role of the cervical sympathetic ganglia on the cochlear blood flow and auditory function in guinea pig.Methods The horseradish peroxidase(HRP) was given to spiral modiolar artery locally for retrograde tracing in guinea pig. Immunohistochemical double-labeled technique was used in this study. The cochlear blood flow and auditory brainstem response(ABR) was measured a week after anilateral superior cervical sympathectony. The animal model of superior cervical sympathectomy following noise exposure in guinea pigs was estableshed to observe the auditory threshold shift.Results Retrogradely labeled neurons with HRP were found in the ipsilateral superior cervical ganglion(SCG). Most of HRP-labeled neurons in SCG were tyrosion hydroxylase(TH) positive. The blood flow of the capillaries of the stria vascularis on the experimental side a week ago were more aplenty than that of the opposite side, but the ABR threshold did not changed before and after ablation of the superior cervical ganglion.A protective role against noise injury was observed after surgical ablation of superior cervical ganglion.Conclusion The superior cervical sympathectomy can influence the cochlear blood flow and auditory function in guinea pig.