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【Objective】 To investigate the effect of autologous blood transfusion(ABT) drainage system and simple drainage(using drainage bags) on the prognosis of patients after lumbar surgery. 【Methods】 The patients admitted to the Department of Orthopedics of our hospital from August 2018 to September 2020 who underwent posterior open lumbar internal fixation and fusion were divided into two groups according to different drainage methods adopted after surgery: 50 patients were randomly selected from the patients who received postoperative ABT system for drainage as ABT group, and 50 patients were randomly selected from the patients who received postoperative drainage by drainage bag as simple drainage bgroup(the control group). The postoperative drainage volume, actual postoperative drainage, total dominant blood loss, total autologous blood transfusion volume, as well as the postoperative anemia indexes, infection indexes and albumin levels in d1, d3 and d7 of the 2 groups were retrospectively analyzed. 【Results】 The gender, age, operation duration and operation segment of the 2 groups were comparable (P>0.05), and preoperative Hb, Hct, ALB, WBC, NE%, intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative autologous blood transfusion volume and actual postoperative drainage volume were similar (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in Hb, Hct, ALB, WBC, NE% and CRP in postoperative d1, d3 and d7, as well as in preoperative and postoperative Hb, Hct and ALB, and in postoperative and preoperative WBC, NE% and CRP (P>0.05). The postoperative drainage volume (mL) and total dominant blood loss (mL) in ABT group and the control group were 554.40±176.82 vs 337.80±102.43, and 1 048.40±282.87 vs 791.80±277.02, respectively (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 The use of ABT drainage system after lumbar surgery increased the drainage volume compared with simple drainage, but the improvement of anemia, albumin and infection was not obvious. ABT system should not be used routinely for drainage after lumbar surgery.
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Objectlve To assess the clinical effects and safety of intravitreal injection of conbercept and macular photocoagulation for non-ischemic macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO).Methods A total of 50 patients (50 eyes) with non-ischemic macular edema following BRVO were retrospectively analyzed.Patients were divided into 2 groups:ICI group (26 eyes) received intravitreal injection of conbercept,laser group (24 eyes) received standard-of-care grid laser for macular edema.The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT) were observed before and 1 week,1 month,2 months and 3 months after treatment.Then,the changes in pre-treatment and post-treatment were compared,and the related complications were recorded.Results The difference of BCVA before treatment was not significant between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).BCVA at 1 week,1 month,2 months and 3 months after treatment in two groups were all improved,the differences were statistically significant compared with before treatment (all P ＜ 0.05),and the differences were statistically significant between two groups after treatment (all P ＜0.05).At 3 months after treatment,BCVA of 18 patients (69.23％) in ICI group and 8 patients (33.33％) in ICI group improved 2 lines.The difference of CMT before treatment was not significant between two groups (P ＞ 0.05),CMT at 1 week,1 month,2 months and 3 months after treatment in two groups were all decreased,the differences were statistically significant compared with before treatment (all P ＜ 0.05),and the differences were statistically significant between two groups after treatment (all P ＜0.05).13 eyes received repeat intravitreal injection in ICI group,including 2 eyes at 1 month,7 eyes at 2 months with CMT ＞250 μm,and 3 eyes at 3 months.No severe side effect related with drug and intravitreal injection occurred in the two groups.Conclusion Mean BCVA change and CMT change are significantly greater in the intravitreal injection of conbercept than the standard-of-care grid laser group for the macuiar edema secondary to non-ischemic BRVO.
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BACKGROUND: Establishment of lumbar disc degeneration in animal models can help doctors understand the development rules and pathophysiological changes of this disease, and can explore and research more rational treatment by creating animal models.OBJECTIVE: To review recent advances in vivo model of lumbar disc degeneration.METHODS: The first author used the computer to search related articles on PubMed database and Chinese Journal Full-text Database from inception to May 2016. The search key words were lumbar disc, degeneration, animal model,vivo model. A total of 161 related articles were retrieved and 49 of them met the inclusion criteria.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Building an intuitive and reliable animal model of lumbar disc degeneration will not only help the basic research of degenerative disc disease, but also provide a good experimental carrier for the repair treatment of degenerative lumbar disc. (2) After more than 80 years of development, the animal model of lumbar disc degeneration has formed a production mode of more species, more methods and newer ideas. Current models have their own advantages, cannot be replaced. However, problems such as poor controllability, low degree of safety or long observation period are still exiting more or less. All these need further research and exploration.
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BACKGROUND:Differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels is induced by integrated factors.In vitro interaction of cytokine complex and certain cel mechanical stimulation is carried out to further improve the efficiency of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels differentiating into nucleus pulposus-like cels. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels into nucleus pulposus-like cels induced by transforming growth factor-β1 and insulin-like growth factor-1 under hydrostatic pressure. METHODS: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels from adult rats were separated, cultured and purified in vitro. Passage 3 cels were induced in vitrowith transforming growth factor-β1 and insulin-like growth factor-1 under hydrostatic pressure (hydrostatic pressure group), with transforming growth factor-β1 and insulin-like growth factor-1 under normal pressure (drug group), or with normal culture medium under normal pressure (blank control group). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At day 14 after culture, polygonal nucleus pulposus-like cels were observed in the hydrostatic pressure group, but irregular cels in the drug group. There was no obvious change in the blank control group. Levels of colagen type II and DNA were higher in the hydrostatic pressure group than the other two groups. These findings indicate that the combination of transforming growth factor-β1 and insulin-like growth factor-1 can successfuly induce the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels into nucleus pulposus-like cels under hydrostatic pressure, and the differentiation efficiency is higher under hydrostatic pressure than under normal pressure.