Treatment effects of Ginger rhizome and extract of carrot seed on diabetic nephropathy in rat

Antioxidants have essential effect on tissue regeneration after cells injury. Enhanced oxidative stress and changes in antioxidant capacity are considered to play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic diabetes mellitus. Ginger rhizome and carrot seed are strong antioxidants and long-term treatment of Streptozotocin induced-diabetic animals with these herbs, has been shown to reduce oxidative stress. Evaluation to treatment effect of Ginger rhizome and extract of carrot seed on nephropathy after diabetes inducement. Methods: Wistar male rat [n=70] were allocated into seven groups, control group, carrot seed extract group, ginger group, control- Diabetic group received 55mg/kg [IP] streptozotocin [STZ], treatment diabetic group that received carrot seed extract, treatment diabetic group that received ginger and treatment diabetic group that received carrot seed extract plus ginger. Animals were kept in standard condition. In 30 day after inducing diabetes, 5ml blood were collected for analyzing of TAC and MDA levels, and kidney tissues of Rats were removed in all groups then prepared for analysis. Pathological changes in diabetic group which received carrot seed and ginger together was decreased compared to control group. The rate of serum TAC significantly increased in diabetic groups which received carrot seed and ginger together significantly in comparison to control-diabetic group [p<0.05]. Since in our study 25 mg/kg carrot seed extract and 100 mg/kg ginger have prevented kidney tissue injury by reducing level of Reactive Oxygen Species [ROS] in serum, so it seems that using it can be effective for treatment nephropathy in Diabetic rats

[Comparison of impact of foot reflexology massage and Bensone relaxation on severity of pain after cesarean section: a randomized trial]

To compare the impact of foot reflexology massage and Bensone relaxation on severity of pain after cesarean section. A quasi-experimental time series design and clinical trial was used. Method of sampling was convenience non probability. Samples were placed in two groups: foot reflexology massage and Bensone relaxation and a control group. Pain was measured using a standard numerical pain scale. For data analysis Mann Whitney, ANOVA, Kruskal Wallis and Wilkacson were performed. Comparison of the mean of pain severity was separately significant between two group and measured group [P<0.05]. Difference between the mean of pain severity also was significant between foot reflexology massage and Bensone relaxation [P=0.0001]. Foot reflexology massage and Bensone relaxation were effective on decreasing pain severity after women abdominal surgical operation and the impact of foot reflexology massage was superior

[Incidence of neural tube defect in neonates at teaching hospitals of Tehran]

Neural tube defect [NTD] is the second common congenital disorder after cardiac disease. The most prevalent forms are anencephaly and spina bifida. Many factors are involved in this anomaly. Recent studies suggest environmental parameters as well as genetic factors. This descriptive study was conducted to determine the incidence of neural tube defect and its influencing factors in neonates at teaching hospitals of Tehran. Neonates at five hospitals were assessed during three years. Of 38473 reported births, 143 cases had neural tube defect. 11.9% of their mothers had previous medical conditions such as diabetes mellitus, epilepsy, psychiatric problems and cardiac disorders. 5.6% of mothers had preeclampsia during their pregnancy. NTD occurs during 28 days after conception. Since many conceptions are unplanned, it can be prevented by continuous consumption of folic acid over reproductive years