RESUMEN
The enterobacteria secreting beta-lactamases extended spectrum [ESBL] isolated from various infections are a public health problem in hospitals. The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiology and the resistance to gentamicin and fluoroquinolones of this enterobacteria that was isolated of urinary infection. This is a retrospective study including the results of urine exam and their corresponding antibiograms. A study that concerne all enterobacteria isolated during a period of seven months from March 2010 to September 2010. From 6350 exam of urines, five hundred fifty-eight strains of enterobacteria was positive. The prevalence of ESLB enterobacteria represents 13.8%. The genus Klebsiella present 59.7% of ESBL isolates and is also the most secreting of the ESBL with 25% of Klebsiella strains. The resistance of enterobacteria to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is generally high. The co-resistance of strains secreting ESBL to fluoroquinolones was 75%; that associated with gentamicin was 86%. Similarly; co-resistance to both gentamicin and fluoroquinolones was 72%. Analysis of the results shows a gradual increase in the frequency of ESBL-E isolated from urine in both middles hospitals and community. So therapeutic alternatives available for these multiresistant bacilli are particularly limited for patients living in fragile situation. Improving hospital hygiene and good clinical practice in using antibiotics are fundamental to fight against the spread of multi-drug resistant bacteria