Myocardial infarction

To assess the frequency of hyperhomocysteinemia in patients of first attack of ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction under age of 40 years. Cross sectional study. December 2009 to June 2010. Ch. Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology, Multan. A total of 65 patients of acute myocardial infarction were included in the study on the basis of chest pain, ECG changes and increased cardiac enzyme. A total of 65 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included the study. Mean age was 35.68 years. Out of the 65 patients, 87.7% were male and 12.3% were female, 41.5% patients has increased homocysteine level while 68.5% had normal homocysteine level. Plasma Hcy is an important risk factor for the development of the acute myocardial infarction

Cardiovascular risk in patients without known cardiovascular disease

To estimate the risk factors among patients with known cardiovascular disease. This prospective study was conducted in Multan Institute of Cardiology, Multan as outdoor basis. A total of 100 patients aged 18-60 years were included in the study during the period from November 2005 to April 2006. After an average follow-up of 6 months, the low risk patients had a significantly lower CHD mortality [0.2 to 8.8 versus 1.5 to 38 percent for those with 1 risk factor] and lower all cardiovascular disease mortality [0.3 to 15.8 versus 2.1 to 53 percent]. Estimated greater life expectancy for low risk men and women was 9.5 and 5.8 years, respectively. The frequency and predictive value of five major risk factors [blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein [LDL] and high-density lipoprotein [HDL] cholesterol, glucose intolerance, and smoking] was evaluated in a study or white non- Hispanic individuals without CHD in the Framingham Heart Study and the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey [NHANES III] who were 35 to 74 years of age. The frequency of high-risk patients increased with age and was greater in men than women. It has been suggested that determination of a patient's risk profile should improve physician recognition and treatment of modifiable risk factors. Because under recognition of hypertension, hyperlipidemia and other risk factors is a common problem, routine risk assessment may be an effective approach to improving their identification

Hypertension - major risk for cardiovascular

Hypertension is quantitatively the major risk factor for premature cardiovascular disease, being more common than cigarette smoking, dyslipidemia, and diabetes, the other major risk factors. To evaluate the cardiovascular risks of hypertension. This prospective study was carried out in outdoor of Multan Institute of Caardiology, Multan during the period from 11-1-2007 to 11-4-2007. A total of 100 individuals were included in the study who were attending outdoor of the hospital. Current risk status of the 100 subjects who developed cardiovascular disease [myocardial infarction, angina, coronary bypass surgery, angioplasty, or stroke] during the study period was compared with healthy subjects, there were few differences. However, the results were different when the original risk status was used. Those patients who remained healthy had had significantly lower blood pressure [121/79 versus 134/83 mmHg] and plasma cholesterol levels [211 versus 226 mg/dL [5.45 versus 5.84 mmol/L]] 25 years before. Antihypertensive drugs should be instituted if, after several different blood pressure measurements, the average blood pressure is above 140/90