[Umbilical artery doppler velocimetry indices in fetuses with single umbilical arteries]

Backgrounds and Objectives: Doppler waveform analysis of the umbilical artery is a powerful tool to evaluate probable pregnancy risks. So far, huge amounts of data on fetuses with three-vessel umbilical cords have been collected. Our objective was to evaluate the value of umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry in fetuses with single umbilical arteries. In this respect, two evaluation indices of the Pulsatility Index and the Systolic/Diastolic Ratio were considered

Materials and Methods: Fetuses between 16 and 40 week gestational age were studied. A set of information was obtained from 50 cases with single umbilical arteries. Data were analyzed using chi-square [chi[2]] test. P-values less than 0.05 was considered significant

Results: The Systolic/Diastolic Ratio in the umbilical artery was abnormal in 29 fetuses [58%] and normal in 21 fetuses [42%]. Pulsatility Index in the umbilical artery was abnormal in 28 fetuses [56%] and normal in 22 fetuses [44%]. Fetuses with abnormal Doppler waveform analysis in their umbilical arteries were significantly more likely to be growth restricted [38%] and to more have complex malformations [18%] than those with normal Doppler waveform analysis

Conclusion: Fetuses with single umbilical arteries and abnormal umbilical Doppler velocimetry had a significantly increased risk of adverse fetal and neonatal outcomes compared with those with single umbilical arteries but normal Doppler studies. When the fetus with isolated umbilical artery is the only observed fetus anomaly and the results of Doppler velocimetry are normal, it might be suggested that the risk of disorder in fetus is so low

Effects of cinnamon on perineal pain and healing of episiotomy: a randomized placebo-controlled trial / 中西医结合学报

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Analgesic and wound-healing effects of cinnamon, a widely used spice, have been shown in laboratory rats. However, we found no human studies in this area.</p><p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The aim of this study was to assess the effect of cinnamon on perineal pain and healing of episiotomy incision.</p><p><b>DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTIONS</b>In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, 144 postpartum women were allocated into two groups, using stratified block randomization, 1 h after completion of episiotomy repair. They received cinnamon or placebo ointment, 2 mL every 12 h for 10 d.</p><p><b>MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES</b>Perineal pain and wound healing were assessed using visual analogue scale (0-10) and Redness, Edema, Ecchymosis, Discharge, Approximation scale (0-15), respectively. General linear model was used to compare the groups on the outcomes adjusted for baseline values and stratified factors.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Follow-up rate was 100% up to the 8 h time point in both groups, and 86% (62 of 72) in the cinnamon group and 85% (61 of 72) in the placebo group at day 10-11 after delivery. Pain score in the cinnamon group was significantly lower than that in the placebo group at (4±1) h (adjusted difference: -0.6, 95% confidence interval: -1.0 to -0.2) and (8±1) h (-0.9, -1.4 to -0.3) after intervention, and on the 10-11th day after delivery (-1.4, -2.0 to -0.7). Also the cinnamon group showed significantly more improvement than the control group in healing score at (8±1) h (-0.2, -0.4 to -0.04) and the 10-11th day after delivery (-1.6, -2.0 to -1.1).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Cinnamon can be used for reducing perineal pain and improving healing of episiotomy incision.</p>

Preventive analgesia with intravenous paracetamol for post-cesarean section pain control

Effective pain therapy after cesarean section is essential for parturient comfort and to allow early ambulation to facilitate care of her infant. This study evaluated the analgesic effect of preventive 1gr intravenous paracetamol on postoperative pain and analgesic consumption during the 24 hours after cesarean section. One-hundred American Society of Anesthesiologists [ASA] 1 or 2 status parturient scheduled for elective cesarean section under spinal anesthesia. Patients received 1gr iv paracetamol into 100 ml normal saline [study group; n=50] or normal saline alone [placebo group; n=50] 20 minutes before the end of operation. Pain scores were lower in the study group in the Post anesthesia care unit [PACU] [p<0.001] and up to 4h after operation [p<0.001]. Cumulative analgesic consumption was lower in the study group [p<0.001]. Preventive administration of 1gr iv paracetamol reduces the intensity of pain in the PACU and until 4h after operation and analgesic consumption following cesarean section

Fetal and neonatal outcomes of the magnesium sulfate and nefidipine in suppression of preterm labor

Preterm Labor occurs in 11.8% of all pregnancies and is the most etiology of Neonatal morbidity without Anomalies and after intra-partum congenital Anomalies is the second etiology of Neonatal mortality that has high economic and psychiatric cost. Premature infants have Neurotic complications and they are week about physical growth, practical cognitive and lesson tasks. One of usage drugs in prevention of preterm labor is Nefidipin. This research is a Double blind RCT. All of pregnant mothers with 26-34 weeks with signs of preterm labor have come to Alzahra and Talegani hospitals were research population. Research samples were 80 pregnant women that have eligibility criteria and treated with Sulphate mg and Nefidipin. Samples allocated randomly in 2 groups by use of rand list software and block of 3 and 6. In group A were used Sulphate mg 4 g first and then 2g/h for 48 h and group B were used Nefidipin 20 mg first and 20 mg /half h after. Success of treatment was measured by Partograph and checklist. Data was analyzed by statistic tests and spss ver. 13. Neonatal complications such as 1 min Apgar and 5 min Apgar score, Sao2 and ABG in 2 groups, that treatment could not prevent contractions, have not significantly different. But there were significant different about Fetal complications such as bit to bit variation, decrease of fetal movement and dropt of base line of FHR [p

Comparison of fetal middle cerebral arteries, umbilical and uterin artery color Doppler ultrasound with blood gas analysis in pregnancy complicated by IUGR

Background: fetal color Doppler is important for evaluation of hypoxia in intrauterine growth restriction [IUGR] fetus

Objective: in this study we compare fetal and maternal color Doppler with blood gas analysis to detect fetal acidosis

Materials and Methods: in this cross-sectional study we evaluated 100 hospitalized patients with IUGR for comparison of color Doppler results with arterial blood gas analysis. Results of Doppler sonography of fetus middle cerebral arteries, umbilical and uterine artery and umbilical artery ABG were studied in these neonates

Results: mean maternal age was 28+/-7 years, mean gestational age was 31.79+/-2.59 weeks and mean growth restriction was 3+/-2 weeks. Resistance increasing was observed in right uterine arteries of 37 mothers. It was normal in 60 mothers. Resistance increasing was observed in left uterine arteries of 36 mothers and much was seen in four cases. PCO[2], PO[2], and pH mean were 48.41+/-9.50 mmHg, 26.00+/-12.34 mmHg, and 7.28+/-0.10 in the neonates respectively

Conclusion: in this study abnormal color Doppler in IUGR fetuses have no significant correlation with umbilical cord blood gas

Development of a probe consist of three cosmids to enumerate the chromosome 13 on uncultured lymphocytes or amniocytes using interphase FISH

To produce a reliable probe suitable for aneuploidy detection of chromosome13 on uncultured lymphocytes and amniocytes by fluorescence in situ hybridization [FISH], we used a contig of three overlapping cosmids mapped to 13q12.3. The cosmid DNA carrying the expected sequences of human chromosome 13 was isolated from host cells and labelled with biotin-11-dUTP. The hybridization and detection conditions with FITC-Avidin were optimised using a series of cultured and uncultured lymphocytes and amniocytes. Intensive signals were detected when a combination of three overlapping cosmids was used to enumerate the chromosome 13 on interphase nuclei. An average of 87 and 85.5 percent of interphase cells prepared from lymphocytes and amniocytes showed accurate number of specific signals for chromosome 13. The results obtained in present study indicate that the probe was capable of detecting the copy number of chromosome 13 on interphase cells prepared from peripheral blood or amniotic fluid cells providing that the uncultured amniotic fluid cells are free of cytoplasmic residues, RNA and protein debris