RESUMEN
The different types of penis thickening hydraulic filling materials have the advantage and disadvantage. The natural biological tissue material for own organization is convenient,avirulent,nonirritant,with good histocompatibility,without rejection,but has the transplant fat absorption,margin scar at donor site,and poor long-term appearance. Synthesized biological material silica gel phantom presented strong plasticity,could not affect by organism metabolism,absorption and degeneration,but had shortcomings,such as the feeling of foreign body,and skin infection. Varicosity polytetrafluoroethylene presented good histocompatibility,soft material,easy to be shaping,but high cost. The polyacrylamide hydrogel and the polymethyl acrylic acid methyl ester presented good histocompatibility,could not cause the immune response,easy to inject,but the shortcoming was easy to form the induration,but if had the complication to be very difficult to take out. Tissue engineered material was presently the key point in penis thickening research,but its research still occupied the start stage. The most reports were only at the laboratory stage. It requires some times for domestic application. This study summarized the penis thickening hydraulic filling materials,and analyzed the application of various filling materials in penis thickening technique.
RESUMEN
Objective To investigate the clinical significance of video-assisted thoracoscopic thymectomy. Methods Eighteen patients with thymic diseases or myasthenia gravis (MG) received video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) of either total thymectomy (7 patients) or extended thymectomy (11 patients with MG) from September 2002 to June 2004. Results Thoracoscopic thymectomy was accomplished in 17 patients and a conversion to open mini-incision (7 cm) operation was needed in 1 patient. Postoperative temporary mechanical ventilation (