Clinical feature of gallbladder cancer in Northwestern China: a report of 2 379 cases from 17 institutions / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the clinical features of patients with gallbladder cancer from 17 hospitals in 5 Northwestern provinces (autonomous region) of China from 2009 to 2013.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 2 379 cases with gallbladder cancer in 17 tertiary hospitals from 5 Northwestern provinces of China from January 2009 to December 2013 were reviewed retrospectively. The clinical data was collected by standardized "Questionnaire for Clinical Survey of Gallbladder Cancer in Northwestern Area of China". χ² test was used to analyze the data.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) Gallbladder cancer from 17 hospitals accounted for 1.6%-6.8% of all bile tract diseases from 2009 to 2013 in Northwestern China, average was 2.7%. Gallbladder cancer accounted for 0.4%-0.9% of abdominal surgery, average was 0.7%. (2) The incidence of gallbladder cancer was higher in the aged females, the ration of female to male was 1.0 to 2.1. The average age of gallbladder cancer was (64 ± 11) years. The occupation of patients was mainly farmers (χ² = 147.10, P < 0.01). (3) 57.2% of the gallbladder cancers were associated with gallstones. (4) The main pathological patterns of gallbladder cancer were moderate and poor differentiated adenocarcinoma, showing an aggressive malignancy. TNM stage IV accounted for 55.1% of all cases, which was associated with the poor prognosis. (5) The curative resection rate was 30.4%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Gallbladder cancer is common in the aged females and mainly at advanced stage. The screening and follow-up of high-risk groups with ultrasound and other methods regularly could increase the early diagnosis rate of gallbladder cancer, aggressive surgical resection combined with other comprehensive treatment could improve the prognosis of patients.</p>

Expression of MACC1 and C-MET proteins in hepatocellular carcinoma and its clinical relevance / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective To explore the expression and clinical relevance of metastasis-associated colon cancer-1 (MACC1) and C-MET proteins in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue.Methods The expressions of MACC1 and C-MET were detected in 51 specimens of HCC and paraneoplastic liver tissue,normal liver tissue in 13 healthy cases using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.The correlations of the expressions of MACC1 and C-MET proteins were evaluated,survival rates were observed,the relationship between the expression of MACC1,C-MET proteins and the clinicopathologic features of HCC were analyzed.Results The positive rate of MACC1 and C-MET proteins was 80.4％ and 76.5％ in HCC tissue,the relative expressions were 0.645 ± 0.047 and 0.504 ± 0.023 respectively,which was significantly different from those in paraneoplastic liver tissue and normal liver tissue (respectively F =173.308,252.817,all P =0.000).The survival analysis showed that the three-year survival rate in patients with positive MACC1 and C-MET expressions was significantly lower than that in patients with negative expressions (respectively x2 =3.934,4.439,all P ＜ 0.05),the positive rate and relative expressions of MACC1 and C-MET were significantly correlated with TNM stage,portal vein cancer thrombus and pathology typing (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The expression of MACC1 and C-MET is associated with the malignant progression of HCC.MACC1 may serve as a independent prognostic factor for advanced HCC and a possible therapy target for the treatment of HCC.

Preventive effects of guidewire-guided selective bile ductal cannulation on pancreatitis and hyperamylasemia after ERCP / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective To study the preventive effects of selective bile ductal cannulation using an aqua-coat tipped Metro tracer guidewire on pancreatitis and hyperamylasemia after ERCP. Methods A total of 291 patients with biliary disease were enrolled in the study. The patients were randomized into the guidewire group (n= 149) and the control group (n= 142). In the guidewire group, the bile duct was first accessed by insertion of an aqua-coat tipped Metro tracer (diameter 0. 029 inch) guidewire through a 5.5Fdouble channel ERCP-tube to judge the bile duct by the direction of guidewire. As soon as cannulation was accomplished, the guidewire was removed to allow injection of contrast medium and other therapeutic manipulation. In the control group, the bile duct was opacified by the traditional method of cannulation of the biliary tree followed by single ERCP-tube cannulation, judgment of the bile duct by injection of contrast medium and performance of other therapeutic procedures. The incidences of post-ERCP pancreatitis and hyperamylasemia were compared between the 2 groups. Results The selective bile ductal cannulation was successfully conducted in 145 patients in the guidewire group and 138 in the control group. The incidences of post-ERCP pancreatitis and hyperamylasemia were significantly lower in the guidewire group than in the control group. Pancreatitis tended to be less severe for patients in the guidewire group. Conclusion Using the Double-Crossing method in selective bile ductal cannulation with an aqua-coat tipped Metro tracer guidewire reduced not only the frequencies of post-ERCP pancreatitis and hyperamylasemia but also the severity of post-ERCP pancreatitis.

Observation on protection by immunization with recombinant Ferritin vaccine of Echinococcus granulosus (Chinese strain) / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective To investigate protection by immunization with recombinant Ferritin vaccine of Echinococcus granulosus against protoscolices.Methods ICR mice were randomized into 3groups of 12 mice in each.The mice in group A and B were immunized three times with an interval of two weeks and those in group C did nothing.The animals in all the 3 groups were challenged with 1100 protoscolices intraperitoneally on the 8th week.Serum samples were collected before each inoculation and challenge injection.Seven months later, all the mice were killed and examinated for hydatid cysts.Result The number of cysts was significantly lower in the group A than in group B and C (P＜0.05).The levels of protection afforded were found to be 73% and 85%, respectively.Meanwhile,the number of cysts was markedly lower in group B than in group C(P＜0.05).The rate of protection afforded was 42%.Conclusion Recombinant Ferritin vaccine of Echinococcus granulosus shows partial immune protection.Therefore, it might be a suitable candidate for cocktail vaccine study in the future.

Application of image identification technology to the analysis system of gene chip and image processing by VB / 生物医学工程学杂志

Because of the anomalous points distributed in the image, gene chip is hard to be distinguished effectively in fact. This article offers some arithmetic of image processing by VB such as increasing contrast, self-adapt thresholds, two-values and searching for spares and disperse templet which can distinguish all kinds of gene chip quickly, well and truly.