Regulatory factors in the articular cartilage repair of knee osteoarthritis / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Knee osteoarthritis is a joint and articular cartilage degenerative disease,and its biological changes mainly include proliferation and apoptosis of chondrocytes.Articular cartilage holds poor regeneration ability,and tissue-engineered cartilage is of great significance for the articular cartilage repair,while cytokines is a major concem for this repair process.OBJECTIVE:To overview the main regulatory factors involved in the articular cartilage repair and chondrocyte apoptosis.METHODS:PubMed and WanFang databases were retrieved for the literature addressing articular cartilage repair and main regulatory factors involved in articular cartilage repair and chondrocyte apoptosis published from 1999 to 2016.Finally 44 eligible articles were included for analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Various cytokines in different human tissues are closely related to articular cartilage repair,chondrocyte apoptosis and pathological changes of osteoarthritis,which are involved in chondrocyte damage,degradation of cartilage matrix,synovial degeneration and periostosis.There is an increase in the levels of interleukin 1 β and 6,and tumor necrosis factor α following articular cartilage injury.Thereafter,blocking the expression of these cytokines can protect the articular cartilage from damage.Insulin-like growth factor and transforming growth factor play an important regulatory effect on the chondrocyte proliferation and matrix synthesis.Furthermore,various cytokines regulate the articular cartilage repair and reconstruction via complicated pathways.

Chemical constituents from stems and leaves of Micromelum integerrimum / 药学学报

A new benzene derivative microintegerrin C (1) and a new norsesquiterpenoid microintegerrin D (2), along with six known compounds (3-8), were isolated and identified from stems and leaves of Micromelum integerrimum by various chromatographies such as silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, RP-18 column chromatography and HPLC. Their structures were mainly identified based on the spectral data analysis such as 1D-, 2D-NMR and HR-EI-MS. All known compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Two new phenylpropanoids from Micromelum integerrimum / 中国天然药物

AIM@#To investigate the chemical and bioactive constituents from the stems and leaves of Micromelum integerrimum.@*METHOD@#The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and HPLC. Their structures were mainly elucidated on the basis of extensive 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Their cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activities were tested by the SRB and turbidimetric methods, respectively.@*RESULTS@#Two new phenylpropanoids and two known coumarins were obtained, and their structures were identified as microintegerrin A (1), microintegerrin B (2), scopoletin (3), and scopolin (4). All of the compounds were tested for their cytotoxicity against three cancer cell lines (HeLa, A549, and BGC-823) and for antimicrobial activity against the fungus Candida albicans and the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus.@*CONCLUSION@#Two new phenylpropanoids 1 and 2 were isolated and identified from the stems and leaves of M. intgerrimum. None of the compounds showed cytotoxic or antimicrobial activity at the tested concentration of 20 μg·mL(-1).

Treating early-to-middle stage nontraumatic osteonecrosis of femoral head patients by jianpi huogu recipe: a retrospective study / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the efficacy and features of treating early-to-middle stage nontraumatic osteonecrosis of femoral head (NONFH) patients by Jianpi Huogu Recipe (JHR).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using retrospective paired control method, early-to-middle stage NONFH patients treated by JHR and followed-up for 2 years were recruited as the test group (47 cases). Those accepted surgery of core decompression, focus debridement and bone graft were recruited as the control group (48 cases). Radiographic images and clinical data of patients were collected before and after treatment. The stable rate and excellent rate of Harris score were taken as efficacy evaluation indicators.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) There was no statistical difference in excellent rate of Harris score between the two groups (95.74% vs. 79.17%, P > 0.05). But better effects were obtained in the test group in relieving pain, improving joint deformation, joint mobility, and total Harris score (P < 0. 05, P < 0. 01). There was no statistical difference in the stable rate of radiography between the two groups (74.47% vs. 75.00%, P > 0.05). (2) There was no statistical difference in the stable rate of radiography at phase II and Ill [staging by Association Research Circulation Osseous (ARCO)] between the two groups (82.05% vs. 80.00%, 37.50% vs. 50.00%, P > 0.05). (3) The stable rate of radiography and excellent rate of Harris score were obviously higher in ARCO phase II patients than in ARCO phase Il patients (82.05% vs. 37.50%,97.44% vs. 87.50%, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Equivalent stable rate of radiography to that of surgery could be obtained in treating early-to-middle stage NONFH patients by JHR. But it was better than surgery in relieving pain, improving joint deformation and joint mobility.</p>

Effects of huogu I formula (I) on correlated factors of bone regeneration in chickens with steroid-induced necrosis of femoral head / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the mechanism of Huogu I formula (I) in treating osteonecrosis of femoral head.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-eight healthy female Leghorn chickens were randomly divided into control group, model group and Huogu I group, and each group consisted of 16 chickens. At the meantime of model establishment, chickens of the Huogu I group were administrated with decoction, while the model and control group with distilled water by gavage. At the 8th and 16th week after medication, blood samples were obtained for blood lipid detection while both sides of femoral head were harvested for the rest of examinations. Specifically, expressions of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2), transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFβ(1)), Smad4 and Smad7 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry, while expression of osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand (OPG/RANKL) mRNA was detected by in situ hybridization.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the control group, serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the model group rose significantly. Positive cell counting of BMP2, TGFβ(1), Smad4 and OPG in femoral head of the model group dropped prominently. Positive cell counting of Smad7 and RANKL increased dramatically. In contrast with the model group, levels of TC, TG and LDL-C in Huogu I group reduced significantly. Positive cell counting of BMP2, TGFβ(1), Smad4 and OPG in femoral head of the Huogu I group increased prominently. Indices of Smad7 and RANKL both decreased significantly. Especially at the 8th week, these variations were more significant.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Huogu I formula is effective in promoting repair of necrotic femoral head by regulating the expressions of BMP2, TGFβ(1), Smads and OPG/RANKL of osteoclast in femoral head.</p>