Analysis of the CHRNA7 gene mutation and polymorphism in Southern Han Chinese patients with nocturnal frontal epilepsy

Objective: To detect the CHRNA7 gene mutation and polymorphism in Southern Han Chinese patients with nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (NFLE). Methods: Blood samples were collected from 215 Southern Han Chinese patients with NFLE and 200 healthy Southern Han Chinese control subjects. Genomic DNA was extracted, and CHRNA7 whole genome exons were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction and subjected to Sanger sequencing. Results: No CHRNA7 gene mutation was detected in all of the NFLE patients. However, five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in sporadic cases were found, located in exons 5, 6, and 7 of the CHRNA7 gene. Among them, c.690G>A and c.698A>G are known SNPs, while c.370G>A, c.654C>T, and c.497-498delTG were newly discovered SNPs. These SNPs were also found in some of the healthy controls. Conclusions: No CHRNA7 gene mutation was identified in Southern Han Chinese patients with NFLE. The CHRNA7 gene is probably not responsible for NFLE in this population.

Analysis of the CHRNA7 gene mutation and polymorphism in Southern Han Chinese patients with nocturnal frontal epilepsy

OBJECTIVE@#To detect the CHRNA7 gene mutation and polymorphism in Southern Han Chinese patients with nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (NFLE).@*METHODS@#Blood samples were collected from 215 Southern Han Chinese patients with NFLE and 200 healthy Southern Han Chinese control subjects. Genomic DNA was extracted, and CHRNA7 whole genome exons were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction and subjected to Sanger sequencing.@*RESULTS@#No CHRNA7 gene mutation was detected in all of the NFLE patients. However, five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in sporadic cases were found, located in exons 5, 6, and 7 of the CHRNA7 gene. Among them, c.690G>A and c.698A>G are known SNPs, while c.370G>A, c.654C>T, and c.497-498delTG were newly discovered SNPs. These SNPs were also found in some of the healthy controls.@*CONCLUSIONS@#No CHRNA7 gene mutation was identified in Southern Han Chinese patients with NFLE. The CHRNA7 gene is probably not responsible for NFLE in this population.

Relationship between serum levels of neuron-specific enolase and severity of electroencephalogram in epileptic children / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between the serum levels of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and the severity of electroencephalogram(EEG) in children with epilepsy.Methods Two hundred and thirty epileptic children and 74 healthy children were enrolled in the study.Serum level of NSE was detected and video EEG was performed before and 1 year after treatment of the epileptic children respectively.Serum level of NSE in healthy control group was also detected.Results The serum level of NSE before treatment of the epileptic children was significantly higher than that of healthy control group(P ＜ 0.001).There was no significant difference in serum level of NSE between generalized seizures and focal seizures (P =0.13).The serum level of NSE 1 year after treatment was significantly decreased compared with that before treatment (P ＜ 0.001),while the degree of severity on EEG was improved significantly.The serum level of NSE of abnormal EEG group was higher than that of the normal range EEG group and bounded EEG group(all P ＜0.05),there was positive correlation between serum level of NSE and the severity of EEG (rs =0.605,P ＜ 0.001).Conclusions The serum levels of NSE are related to the severity of EEG changes.Serum NSE combined with EEG can betterly predict the degree of brain damage in epileptic children.

None mutation in the CHRNA4 gene of 6 families of South China with autosomal dominant noctumal frontal lobe epilepsy was found / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To investigate the virulence gene and mutation features in the Chinese patients with autosomal dominant noctumal frontal lobe epilepsy(ADNFLE) by using the direct sequencing(DS) PCR products with all the exons of CHRNA4 in 6 ADNFLE families,and to interpret the molecular pathogenesis in Chinese patients affected by ADNFLE.Methods Six ADNFLE families were collected,included 66 people and 24 patients with ADNFLE,and 200 healthy volunteers were selected as control group.The genomic DNA was extracted.The exons 1-6 in CHRNA4 were amplified by the PCR.The amplified products were sequenced and analyzed.All data were analyzed with SPSS 13.0 software.Results There were 4 base substitutions in exon 5,and they were c.909T ＞ G,c.1440G ＞ T,c.1458T ＞ C and c.942C ＞ T.All those base substitutions were synonymous.The first three were homozygosis substitutions,but the last one was heterozygosis substitutions.Conclusions The hot spot mutations of CHRNA4 which have been reported were not detected.Whether or not there is a correlation between ADNFLE and this substitution need to be identified by study with

Clinical features and mutation analysis of CHRNA4 gene for families and sporadic cases affected with autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate mutations of CHRNA4 gene in Chinese patients with autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (ADNFLE).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two hundred and fifty-seven patients (including 215 sporadic and 42 familial cases) were analyzed. Mutational screening was performed by sequencing all of the 6 exons of the CHRNA4 gene including the donor and acceptor splice sites.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The results have excluded the involvement of any known mutations of the CHRNA4 gene. A novel synonymous mutation c.570C>T(D190D) and 6 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the CHRNA4 gene were detected in 6 sporadic cases, including c.639T/C, c.678T/C, c.1209G/T, c.1227T/C, c.1659G/A, and c.1629C/T. The SNP D190D was hererozygous and absent in 200 healthy controls.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This results suggested that mutations of the CHRNA4 gene may be rare in southern Chinese population with ADNFLE. The synonymous mutation D190D has not been reported previously. Its impact on the pathogenesis of ADNFLE warrant further study.</p>

The first exploration of a minimally invasive lysis subcutaneouly for the treatment of gluteal muscle contracture based on relatively safe region around standard injection point of gluteal muscle / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the solution of choosing the minimally invasive incision site for gluteal muscle contracture patient based on standard injection point of gluteal muscle.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>from September 2008 to August 2010, 25 patients (14 males and 11 females with an average of 16.5 years, ranging from 12 to 26 years) with injected gluteal muscle contracture were prospectively studied. The course of disease was from 6 to 12 years. Firstly, the connective skin Surface line from anterior superior iliac spine to coccyx (line AD) was delineated and the point (point O) was marked out as the standard gluteal muscle injection site which was on the one-third of the distance from the anterior superior iliac spine(point A) to the coccyx (point D). Secondly, the anterior and posterior edge lines of surface projection of the gluteal muscle contracture banding (line a, line p) were delineated. Thirdly, the distance from B to O and C to O (B is the point of intersection of line a and line AD,C is the point of intersection of line P and line AD)were measured which was the intersection of line a,p and line AD to point O. Lastly, the minimally invasive surgery was operformed via the skin entry of point C.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>OB = (0 +/- 0.76) cm, OC = (2.86 +/- 0.78) cm, BC = (2.86 +/- 1.01) cm,the mean postoperative drainage was less than 10 ml,there was no nerve damage,hematoma and other complications. All patients achieved the function of squatting in 4 to 6 days.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The solution of choosing the minimally invasive incision site based on standard injection point of gluteal muscle has advantages of positioning precisely,handling easily, recoverying quickly, less trauma and safety, etc.</p>

Problems and solutions in minimally invasive process of posterior discectomy for lumbar disc herniation / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the problems and complications of posterior discectomy for lumbar disc herniation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2005 to June 2010, 497 patients with lumbar disc herniation were treated by posterior discectomy, which data were analyzed retrospectively. There were 395 males and 102 females,ranging in age from 20 to 78 years with an average of 43.7 years. Among them, 405 cases were in single gap, 86 cases were in double gaps and 6 cases were in three gaps. The complication of operation and solution was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean operative time was 70 min (from 45 to 210 min), and the mean hospitalization was 10 d (from 5 to 20 d). Forty-seven cases suffered operative complications. There were 16 cases of wrong location of segments (14 cases occurred in operation and 2 occurred after operation), 15 cases of less alleviation or aggravation of nerve symptoms (12 cases were poor alleviation and 3 cases were aggravation), 10 cases of urinary retention, 5 cases of cerebrospinal fluid leakage and 1 case of infection.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Minimally invasive process of posterior discectomy in treating lumbar disc herniation may complicate with many problems. The operative effects can be improved and the complication can be decreased if the ability of location is improved,surgical indications is correct and the operation is exactly performed.</p>

The effect of anthocyanins on cholesterol efflux from mouse peritoneal macrophage-derived foam cells and its possible molecular mechanism / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the potential role of anthocyanins on modulating cholesterol efflux in mouse peritoneal macrophage-derived foam cells and related molecular mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The macrophages were isolated from pathogen-free NIH mice and were loaded with 50 microg/ml oxLDL for 24 hours, newly formed foam cells were then treated with anthocyanins (cyanidin-3-glucoside, Cy-3-g; or peonidin-3-glucoside, Pn-3-g) at the concentrations of 1 micromol/L, 10 micromol/L, 100 micromol/L for 0 to 36 hours, respectively. The enzymatic-fluorescent method was used to determine cholesterol content in culture medium. ABCA1 expressions at mRNA and protein level were detected by real-time PCR and confocal microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Cholesterol efflux of macrophage-derived foam cells increased in a time- and dose-dependent manner post anthocyanins treatment. ABCA1 expressions at mRNA and protein levels were also significantly enhanced after anthocyanins treatment in these cells and these effects could be blocked by co-treatment with DIDS, an inhibitor of the transport activities of ABCA1 and blocker of apoAI-mediated cholesterol efflux.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>These data demonstrate that anthocyanins induce cholesterol efflux from mouse peritoneal macrophage-derived foam cells via regulating ABCA1 expression.</p>

Relationship between paraoxonase 1 55 Met/Leu, paraoxonase 2 148 Ala/Gly genetic polymorphisms and coronary artery disease / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the relationships between paraoxonase 1 55 Met/Leu (PON1 55Met/Leu), paraoxonase 2 148 Ala/Gly(PON2 148Ala/Gly) genetic polymorphisms and coronary artery disease(CAD), plasma activities of paraoxonase (PON), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), as well as plasma concentration of maleic dialdehyde (MDA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The PCR-RFLP method was applied to identify the genetic polymorphisms of PON1 55Met/Leu and PON2 148Ala/Gly, and the colorimetry way was used to detect plasma activities of PON, T-SOD and plasma MDA concentration of 262 CAD patients and 100 controls.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Comparing with control, the CAD patient had the obviously lower activities of enzymes PON (349.27+/- 138.36 nmol/min.mL vs 454.75+/- 166.00 nmol/min.mL, P< 0.001) and T-SOD (23.61+/- 16.51 U/mL vs 44.01+/- 22.68 U/mL, P< 0.001) while getting the plasma MDA concentration increased markedly(2.47+/- 0.73 nmol/mL vs2.15+/- 0.55 nmol/mL, P< 0.01). The CAD patient had more LM genotype and M allele of PON1 55Met/Leu(24.8% vs 1.4%, P< 0.001 and 12.4% vs 0.5%, P was 0.001 respectively), GG and AG genotype and G allele of PON2 148 Ala/Gly(11.8% vs 5.0%, P< 0.001; 48.1% vs 24.0%, P< 0.001 and 36.0% vs 17.0%, P< 0.001 respectively) than control did. The activities of plasma PON and T-SOD were lower in individuals with PON??1 55 LM genotype than those with LL genotype(304.73+/- 125.04 vs 394.84+/- 154.87 nmol/min.mL and 24.89+/- 16.14 vs 30.22+/- 21.29 U/mL, P< 0.001 and P< 0.05 respectively). The activity of plasma PON was also lower in individuals with PON2 148 GG/AG genotype than that with AA genotype(281.47+/- 84.70 vs 356.00+/- 145.95 vs 417.34+/- 159.00 nmol/min.mL, P< 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that PON1 55 LM genotype (OR 29.08, 95%CI 2.88-294.04, P was 0.004) and M allele(OR 15.17, 95%CI 1.32-174.29, P was 0.029), PON2 148 GG/AG genotype (OR 2.32, 95%CI 1.52-3.54, P< 0. 001) and G allele (OR 3.24, 95%CI 1.38-7.61, P was 0.007) were independent risk factors for CAD.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The CAD patient has the obviously low activities of plasma PON and T-SOD but on the contrary, get the plasma MDA concentration increased markedly. PON1 55 LM genotype and M allele, PON2 148 GG/AG genotype and G allele are the risk factors for coronary artery disease, and the activity of plasma PON is also markedly reduced in individuals with above genotypes.</p>

Study of the association between paraoxonase1 55 Met/Leu, paraoxonase2 148 Ala/Gly and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) 9 Ala/Val genetic polymorphisms and coronary heart disease / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the associations between paraoxonase, 55 Met/Leu (PON1 55 Met/ Leu), paraoxonase2 148 Ala/Gly (PON2 148 Ala/Gly) and manganese superoxide dismutase 9 Ala/Val (MnSOD 9 Ala/Val) genetic polymorphisms and coronary heart disease (CHD), plasma activities of paraoxonase (PON), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), MnSOD, as well as plasma concentration of maleic dialdehyde (MDA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using PCR-RFLP method to identify genotype of PON1 55 Met/Leu, PON2 148 Ala/Gly and MnSOD 9 Ala/Val genetic polymorphisms, and using colorimetry to detect plasma activities of PON, T-SOD, MnSOD and plasma concentration of MDA in 262 CHD patients and 100 controls.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with controls, the plasma activities of PON [(349.27 +/- 138.36 vs. 454.75 +/- 166.00) nmol x min(-1) x ml(-1), P < 0.001], T-SOD [(23.61 +/- 16.51 vs. 44.01 +/- 22.68) U/ml, P < 0.001] and MnSOD [(21.56 +/- 13.11 vs. 28.79 +/- 8.65) U/ml, P < 0.001] reduced obviously,while plasma MDA concentration increased markedly [(2.47 +/- 0.73 vs. 2.15 +/- 0.55)nmol/ml, P < 0.01] in CHD patients. There were more LM genotype and Met allele of PON, 55 Met/Leu (24.8% vs. 1.4%, P < 0.001 and 12.4% vs. 0.5%, P = 0.001, respectively), GG and AG genotype and G allele of PON2 148 Ala/Gly (11.8% vs. 5.0%, P < 0.001, 48.1% vs. 24.0%, P < 0.001 and 36.0% vs. 17.0%, P < 0.001, respectively) and AA genotype, A allele of MnSOD 9 Ala/Val genetic polymorphisms (64.2% vs. 43.0%, P = 0.001 and 80.0% vs. 67.0%, P = 0.014, respectively) in CHD patients than in controls. The activities of plasma PON and T-SOD were lower in individuals with PON1 55 LM genotype than those with LL genotype. The activity of plasma PON was also lower in individuals with PON2 148 GG/AG genotype than those with AA genotype. The activities of plasma PON and MnSOD depressed in individuals with MnSOD AA genotype compared with those with VV genotype. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that PON1 55 LM genotype, PON2 148 GG/AG genotype and G allele were independent risk factors for CHD.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The antioxidative ability decreased, while lipid superoxide increased in CHD patients. Gene polymorphisms of PON1 55 Met/Leu, PON2 148 Ala/Gly and MnSOD 9 Ala/Val seemed to involve in the morbidity of CHD by influencing the plasma activities of PON and MnSOD.</p>

Effects of LOX-1 on expression of adhesion molecules induced by ox-LDL in HUVECs / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1 (LOX-1) on secretion of adhesive molecules mediated by ox-LDL in human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVECs).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>HUVECs with different concentration of ox-LDL (0, 10, 20, 50, 100 microg/ml) were incubated for 24 h, or HUVECs were pretreated with 250 microg/ml poly (I) or 250 microg/ml carrageenan for 2 h and then incubated with 50 microg/ml ox-LDL for another 24 h. Expression of LOX-1 was determined by realtime RT-PCR and Western blot. mRNA and protein of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selectin were examined by RT-PCR and Western blot respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Incubation of HUVECs with ox-LDL (10-100 microg/ml) enhanced the expressions of LOX-1, ICAM-1 and E-selectin in a concentration-dependent manner (P < 0.01). On the contrary, ox-LDL did not affect the expression of VCAM-1 by HUVECs. The expression of LOX-1, ICAM-1 and E-selectin induced by ox-LDL were reduced in HUVECs pretreated with 250 microg/ml poly (I) or 250 microg/ml carrageenan for 2 h and then incubated with 50 microg/ml ox-LDL for 24 h. This showed that both poly (I) and carrageenan obviously decreased the expression of LOX-1, ICAM-1 and E-selectin induced by ox-LDL.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ox-LDL may upregulate the expression of LOX-1, ICAM-1 and E-selectin, and LOX-1 blocker may partly inhibit this upregulation. The results suggest that the expression of inflammatory molecules induced by ox-LDL in HUVECs is mediated by LOX-1.</p>