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Objective To comprehensively obtain the present situation of medical radiation protection resources by investigating the basic information of all medical institutions in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China from 2017 to 2019. Methods An investigation was conducted on the basic information of medical institutions according to the unified plan of medical radiation protection monitoring project issued in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, involving all radiodiagnostic medical institutions throughout the region. Results By the end of 2019, there were 1195 radiological diagnosis and treatment institutions, 7285 radiation workers, 2705 sets of radiological diagnostic equipment, 36 medical accelerators, and 22 sets of nuclear medicine equipment in the whole region. Conclusion The radiological diagnosis and treatment resources in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region are developing rapidly. However, the problems of insufficient per capita resources and uneven development among the cities are becoming increasingly prominent.
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Objective:To investigate the total radioactivity in drinking well water around the Bayanwula uranium mine.Methods:Totally 174 samples of drinking well water and 5 samples of filtered well water from residential houses were collected during dry and wet seasons in 2020 around the Bayanwula uranium mine. Total α and total β radioactivity in dry season and wet season were analyzed for detrmining whether there were differences between them and the relation between total radioactivity with different locations away from the uranium center. The radioactivity in filtered drinking well water used in residential houses was also investigated. Radioactivity were measured and analyzed using low background alpha and beta radioactivity meters, and the data were analysed using SPSS analytical statistical method.Results:In the drinking well water around Bayanwula uranium mine, the activity concentrations of total α and β measured in dry season were 0.024-2.468 Bq/L with a mean of (0.605±0.507) Bq/L and 0.125-1.395 Bq/L with a mean of (0.420±0.235) Bq/L, respectively. The values measured in wet season were 0.049-2.988 Bq/L with a mean of (0.825±0.605) Bq/L for total α and 0.059-1.623 Bq/L with a mean of (0.506±0.265) Bq/L for total β, respectively. The average value of total radioactivity in water samples was lower within 10, 30 and 20 km of the uranium mine in the descending order.Conclusions:The radioactivity in well water around the Bayanwula uranium mine is high, with the total α and β in samples greater in wet season than in the dry season and without elevated levels as compared to the pre-mining background.
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Objective:To ascertain the level of radioactivity in drinking water in Inner Mongolia region, and analyze the reasons why the total alpha radioactivity index is high in drinking water in some areas thereof.Methods:Water samples with high total alpha radioactivity index were collected in some towns in the region on the basis of surveyed result , with the causes of abnormal radioactivity index being analyzed, using low background α radioactivity measuring instrument, microuranium analyzer, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer, to estimate the accumulative effective dose caused by ingestion of radioactivity in drinking water.Results:The total alpha activity was 0.508-1.008 Bq/L in tap water samples and 0.507-1.965 Bq/L in finished water samples. Uranium concentration was 3.41-35.71 μg/L in tap water measured using laser fluorescence method and 3.62-32.61 μg/L in finished water measured using laser fluorescence method, respectively. The concentration of 238U and 232Th in tap water measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was 5.83-34.36 μg/L, 0.002-0.359 μg/L, respectively, while that in finished water was 5.62-29.41 μg/L, 0.003-0.327 μg/L, respectively. Conclusions:Based on the repeated measurement analysis of drinking water samples from some areas in Inner Mongolia, the high level of total α radioactivity in water samples is caused by uranium, and the high content of uranium leads to a high total alpha value.
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Objective:To investigate the feasibility of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE)-guided transthoracic micro-incisions for the treatment of aortic dissection.Methods:Ten patients with aortic dissection who received TEE before surgery between March 2017 and March 2019 in Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, China were included in this study. They were divided into group A (involving the aorta, n = 5) and group B (aortic arch ulcer, n = 5). Diagnosis before and after surgery was analyzed in each group. Whether guide sheath tube and guide wire rapidly entered the interlayer during the surgery was assessed. In addition, the stability and position of the occluder device and its effect on local blood flow were assessed. Results:TEE findings revealed that occlusion treatment was effective and TEE-guided transthoracic micro-incisions successfully occluded the breaks of the aortic dissection. In group A, the occluded breaks of the aortic dissection disappeared, and thrombi formed in the false lumen. Blood flow velocity decreased from 230 cm/s to 120 cm/s. In group B, aortic wall was tightly bounded to the occluder device and the breaks disappeared. The velocity of the blood flow in the arch of the aorta was 120 cm/s. The occluder device was stable before and after occlusion. It had no effect on the velocity of local blood flow. At 40 days after surgery, the position of the occluder was not deviated.Conclusion:TEE before surgery for aortic dissection can effectively assess the injury degree and avoid missed diagnosis. TEE can guide the placement of the occluder device during the surgery. TEE can also help accurately assess the surgical outcomes.
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Objective: To explore the accuracy of automatic quantitative assessment for viable myocardium of rat ischemic-reperfusion (I/R) models using myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) based on neutrosophic similarity score (MCE-NSS) system. Methods: Totally 12 SD rats underwent 30 min (I/R-30 group, n=6) or 45 min (I/R-45 group, n=6)occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery followed by reperfusion. MCE was performed before and immediately, 7, 14 and 28 days after operation. The left ventricular myocardium was divided into 18 segments, and the standardized contrast intensity (CI) and wall thickness (WT) of each myocardial segment were automatically calculated using MCE-NSS system after identifying the endocardial and epicardial boundary. The segments with WT-54 Pix) and recovered region (WT>0.3 and CI>-54 Pix) were defined by MCE-NSS system after reperfusion. The changes of the central areas, peripheral areas and recovery areas were observed immediately, 7, 14 and 28 days after operation. The heart of rats were harvested 28 days after I/R, and myocardial sections were stained with Masson staining and immunohistochemistry to calculation of infarct area and microvessel density (MVD), and the correlation between which and the infarct area measured by MCE-NSS system were analyzed. Results: ①For area changes of dangerous sections, no significant difference of the dangerous central region was found between 2 groups immediately and 7, 14 and 28 days after operation (all P>0.05), while the dangerous peripheral region gradually decreased and the recovered region gradually increased 7, 14 and 28 days after reperfusion(all P0.05). ②The areas of the dangerous central regions were positively correlated with infarct size calculated by Masson staining (r=0.81, P<0.01), and the CI value of the dangerous peripheral regions was positively correlated with MVD obtained by immunohistochemistry (r=0.86, P<0.01). Conclusion: MCE-NSS system can be used to automatically and quantitatively assess the regional systolic function and microcirculation in left ventricle, and then identify viable myocardium of rats after I/R.
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Objective:To explore the application value of a novel ultrasonic scale in the evaluation of sub-massive pulmonary embolism (sub-PE).Methods:Retrospective analyses were conducted in 137 patients with acute pulmonary embolism confirmed by computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) in the second affiliated hospital of Harbin Medical University from September 2017 to June 2019. They were divided into experimental set (77 cases) and testing set(60 cases). According to the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines for pulmonary embolism in 2019, the patients were classified into sub-PE(71 cases) and small pulmonary embolism(small-PE, 66 cases). Parameters in the experimental set were screened by statistical methods to make an ultrasonic scale, and then the patients in the testing set were scored by the scale. ROC curve was plotted to calculate the diagnostic efficacy of the ultrasonic scale for sub-PE.Results:①The patients of sub-PE were older than small-PE patients [(61.57±1.45) years vs (56.31±1.59) years, P=0.016], but there was no significant difference between the two groups in other general data( P>0.05). ②Within the 77 pulmonary embolism patients in the experimental set, 41(53.25%) were classified as the sub-PE and 36(46.75%) as the small-PE. Compared with the small-PE group, right ventricular diameter, pulmonary artery trunk diameter, right ventricle/left ventricle ratio, tricuspid regurgitation velocity, the Tei index and the inferior vena cava diameter in the sub-PE group increased significantly ( P<0.05), and right ventricular wall motion amplitude, right atrium area rate, right ventricular area rate, tricuspid annulus systolic displacement, collapse rate of inferior vena cava and pulmonary artery blood flow acceleration time decreased significantly ( P<0.05); ③Fifteen ultrasonic parameters were used in the ultrasonic scale. The scale in sub-PE group of the testing set was significantly increased compared with that in small-PE group (11.63±3.87 vs 4.43±1.96, P<0.001). ROC showed that the AUC in diagnosing sub-PE by ultrasonic scale was 0.96. When the cut-off value was 6.5, the sensitivity and specificity were 90.00% and 83.33%, respectively. Conclusions:The novel ultrasonic scale can provide a comprehensive and feasible ultrasound imaging method for evaluation of sub-PE.
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Objective To investigate the association between bicuspid aortic valve ( BAV ) morphologic findings ( raphe vs nonraphe) ,the degree of valve dysfunction and prognosis . Methods Clinical and echocardiographic data in 317 BAV patients were analyzed retrospectively . According to the Sievers classification ,the morphologic BAV findings were categorized into no raphe ( type 0) ,one raphe ( type 1) and two raphes ( type 2 ) . T he patients with type 1 were further divided into three subtypes ,including R‐L subtype ( fusion of the left and right coronary cusps ) ,R‐N subtype ( fusion of the right and noncoronary cusps) and L‐N subtype ( fusion of the left and noncoronary cusps ) . Results Of the 317 patients ,there were 83 ( 26 .2% ) of type 0 ,232 ( 73 .2% ) of type 1 and 2 ( 0 .6% ) of type 2 .Among the 232 patients of type 1 ,there were 126 ( 54 .3% ) of R‐L subtype ,88 ( 37 .9% ) of R‐N subtype and 18 ( 7 .8% ) of L‐N subtype . BAV with raphe had a significantly higher prevalence of aortic valve calcification [ 120 ( 51 .3% ) vs 19 ( 22 .9% ) , P ＜ 0 .001 ] ,with significantly higher frequencies of aortic stenosis [ 164 ( 70 .1% ) vs 6 ( 7 .2% ) , P＜ 0 .001 ] ,aortic regurgitation [ 168 ( 71 .8% ) vs 40 ( 48 .2% ) , P ＝ 0 .001 ] ,increased left ventricular mass[ ( 253 .4 ± 113 .7) g vs ( 176 .4 ± 69 .3) g , P ＜0 .001] and left heart failure [ 34 ( 14 .5% ) vs 3 ( 3 .6% ) , P ＝0 .009] . Furthermore ,the dilation of aortic root and ascending aorta in BAV patients with raphe were significantly higher than those without raphe ( P ＜0 .01 ) ,however ,ascending aortic aneurysm rates were not significant between BAV with and without raphe[ 23( 9 .8% ) vs 4( 4 .8% ) , P ＝0 .251] . T he patients in R‐N subtype had a significantly higher proportion of aortic valve calcification than those in R‐L and L‐N subtype [ 55 ( 62 .5% ) vs 57 ( 45 .2% ) vs 6 ( 33 .3% ) , P ＝ 0 .01 ] ,with a significantly higher frequency of severe aortic stenosis [ 50 ( 56 .8% ) vs 21 ( 16 .7% ) vs 3 ( 16 .7% ) , P ＜0 .001 ] . However , there was no significant difference among different subtypes in other complications( P ＞0 .05).Conclusions T he presence of raphe is associated with a higher frequency of significant aortic valve calcification ,aortic valve dysfunction ,and increases left ventricular mass and left heart failure .T he R‐N type is also associated with aortic valve calcification and severe aortic stenosis .
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Objective To evaluate the accuracy and value of automatically assessing left ventricular systolic function in rats with myocardial infarction ( MI) by myocardial contrast echocardiography ( MCE) based on neutrosophic similarity score( NSS) algorithm. Methods According to different infarction size (IS),SD rats were divided into large MI (MI-L,IS≥15% ) and small MI (MI-S,IS＜15% ) groups. MCE was performed before MI and at 7,28 days after MI. In vitro study:the automatic segmentation of the endocardial contour based on neutrosophic similarity score algorithm was compared with the manual segmentation boundary. In vivo study:the left ventricular ejection fraction( LVEF) were calculated using the NSS system,biplane Simpson and PV-loop,respectively,and then NSS-LVEF,Simpson-LVEF and PV-LVEF were acquired,respectively. The IS was calculated by Masson and HE staining. The consistency between the two LVEFs was evaluated by Bland-Altman. The intraclass correlation coefficient ( ICC) was calculated to evaluate the reproducibility of MCE analysis system. Results ① The endocardial contour obtained by automatic segmentation had good agreement with the boundary of artificial tracing. ② There was no significant difference among the three LVEFs in same group ( F ＝0.028, P ＝ 0.973),but there was significant difference in different group ( F ＝78.61, P ＜0.01). NSS-LVEF was well consistent with both Simpson-LVEF and PV-LVEF. ③ The ICC of NSS algorithm for inter-observer and intra-observer were 0.96 and 0.98,respectively. ④Compared with before MI and at 7 days after MI,the LVEF in MI-L and MI-S groups at 28 days after MI decreased significantly ( P ＜0.05),especially in MI-L group ( P ＜0.01). There was significantly negative correlation between LVEF and IS ( r ＝ －0.917, P ＜ 0.01). Conclusions Left ventricular endocardium can be identificated automatically and LVEF can be calculated rapidly and accurately by MCE based on neutrosophic similarity score algorithm in rats with myocardial infarction.
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OBJECTIVE:To observe the expression of IGF-1R and VEGFR2 in colorectal cancer tissue,and to explore its clinical significance. METHODS:Totally 98 colorectal cancer patients underwent surgery were selected from our hospital during Jan. 2011-Dec. 2012. The tumor tissue and paracancerous tissue were collected. The expression of IGF-1R and VEGFR2 protein were detect-ed by immunohistochemical SP method. The mRNA expression of both were detected by RT-PCR. The correlation of the expression of IGF-1R and VEGFR2 protein with clinical pathological characteristics of colorectal cancer patients were investigated,and its effects on 4-year disease-free survival rate of postoperative assisted chemotherapy patients were also investigated. RESULTS:The positive rates of IGF-1R and VEGFR2 protein expression in colorectal cancer tissue were 66.3％and 60.2％respectively,but their expression was not found in paracancerous tissue,with statistical significance(P<0.05). Relative expression of IGF-1R mRNA and VEGFR2 mRNA in tumor tissue were significantly higher than paracancerous tissue,with statistical significance(P<0.05). There was positive correla-tion between their mRNA expression in tumor tissue(r=0.729,P<0.05). The expression of IGR-1R protein was independent from pa-tient's gender and age,tumor location and formation of vascular tumor thrombus(P>0.05);but it was associated with the histological grading,depth of invasion and lymph node metastasis(P<0.05). The expression of VEGFR2 protein had nothing to do with patient's gender and age(P>0.05),but it was associated with tumor location,histological grading,depth of invasion,lymph node metastasis, and formation of vascular tumor thrombus(P<0.05). Among 98 colorectal cancer patients,14 patients didn't underwent chemothera-py after surgery;and 4-year disease-free survival rate of other 84 patients was 76.2％(64/84). Four-year disease-free survival rates of TGF-1R protein negative expression and VEGFR2 protein negative expression patients(82.8％,78.8％)were significantly higher than those of positive expression patients(72.7％,74.5％),with statistical significance(P<0.05). The multiple factor Logistic regression analysis was used to correct gender,age,histological grading,tumor location,depth of invasion,lymph node metastasis,and forma-tion of vascular tumor thrombus;the expression of IGR-1R and VEGFR2 protein were still associated with 4-year disease-free survival rate [adjusted OR were 2.31,2.15;95％CI were(0.57,4.15),(0.45,4.03);P<0.05]. CONCLUSIONS:The expression of IGF-1R, VEGFR2 protein and mRNAs increase significantly in colorectal cancer tissue;the protein expression is associated with histological grading,depth of invasion,lymph node metastasis and the prognosis of postoperative assisted chemotherapy patients. Their examina-tion can provide reference for target therapy for colorectal cancer patients.
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Objective To analyze the electroencephalograph (EEG) features of 43 patients with clinically possible or probable Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and its correlation with megnetic resonance imaging (MRI) imaging and clinical manifestations.Methods All patients diagnosed with suspected CJD who were hospitalized in Xuanwu Hospital from January 2013 to December 2015 were collected.The clinical data, EEG and MRI imaging features were analyzed retrospectively.Based on the periodic sharp wave complexes (PSWC) appearance in EEG results, the patients were divided into typically changed group (TCG), atypically changed group (ACG) and unchanged group (UCG).Age, disease duration, clinical manifestations and MRI features among three groups were analyzed and the correlations between patient′s EEG features and age, disease duration, clinical manifestations or MRI features were explored using spearman method.Results Among the 43 patients with possible or probable CJD disease, 26 were male and 17 were female with an average disease duration of 4 months.The age of onset ranged from 31 to 80 with an average of (58.0±9.8) years old, and 86.0% of patients were 51 years old or above.Clinical characteristics of CJD patients according to occurrence rate were as follows: 35 cases (81.4%) with cognitive impairment, 29 cases (67.4%) with mental and behavior disorder, 28 cases (65.1%) with pyramidal tract damage, 24 cases (55.8%) with cerebellar symptoms, 23 cases (53.5%) with extrapyramidal symptoms,17 cases (39.5%) with myoclonic, 13 cases (30.2%) with dyssomnia, 13 cases (30.2%) with visual disorder and 2 cases (4.7%) with akinetic mutism.Regarding EEG features, 39.53% (17/43) of patients showed typical periodic sharp wave complexes (PSWC) (TCG group), 51.2% (22/43) had irregular rhythm and different forms of slow wave (ACG group) and only 9.3% (4/43) had no EEG change (UCG group).The occurrence rate of ribbon sign in MRI was 82.4% (14/17) in TCG group, 77.3% (17/22) in ACG group and none in UCG group.The rates were significantly higher in TCG and ACG group than that in UCG group (both P0.05).Conclusions EEG showed typical changes associated with disease duration in different stages of disease.EEG and MRI are two different means to evaluate different aspects of patients with CJD disease, and combination of two means could achieve better evaluation results.
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Objective To study the correlation between ABCC3 gene and bladder cancer cell proliferation,drug resistance and aerobic glycolysis.Methods Lipofectamine 2000 reagent was used for small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection.Human ABCC3 siRNA and negative control siRNA were transfected into UMUC-3 and 5637 cells separately,and bladder cancer cells were divided into siABCC3-1 group,siABCC3-2 group and control group.Western blot assay was used to evaluate the ABCC3 expression levels.Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to determine the ABCC3 mRNA expression levels.The effect of ABCC3 on bladder cancer cell growth was determined by colony formation assay.We also analyzed the sensitivity of cance cells to cisplatin by MTT assay.The effect of ABCC3 on aerobic glycolysis were detected by measuring LDHA protein levels,lactate production and glucose consumption.The measurement data were expressed as ((x) ± s) tandard deviation.The difference between the groups was analyzed by single factor analysis of variance and LSD.Results Both protein and mRNA levels of ABCC3 were significantly decreased after si-ABCC3 transfection.Bladder cancer cells treated with si-ABCC3 exhibited significantly lower colony numbers than that of the control group.5637 cells treated with siABCC3-1 and siABCC3-2 were 4.02 μg/ml and 3.91 μg/ml,respectively.The IC50 values of cisplatin after UMUC-3 cells siABCC3-1 and siABCC3-2 were 2.54 μg/ml and 2.49 μg/ml,respectively.The expression of lactate dehydrogenase A protein in bladder cancer cells was down-regulated and the expression of ABCC3 was positively correlated with the expression of LDHA (P =0.0362).siABCC3-1 and siABCC3-2 were transfected into 5637 cells,respectively.The glucose consumption decreased by 43.2％ and 43.7％ respectively.The lactic acid production was reduced by 31.3％ and 29.7％,respectively.After transfection of UMUC-3 cells with siABCC3-1 and siABCC3-2,glucose consumption decreased by 33.4％ and 37.5％,respectively,and lactic acid production decreased by 24.7％ and 25.2％,respectively,compared with the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.001).Conclusions ABCC3 is an important oncoprotein involved in cell proliferation,glycolysis and drug resistance.It could be a promising predictive biomarker and potential therapeutic target for bladder cancer.
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Objective To investigate the expression of heparanase (Hpa) in serum and tissue of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and its clinical significance.Methods Immunohistochemical method (SP) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to detect the expression of Hpa protein in serum and tissues of 38 cases of PTC,37 cases of patients with benign thyroid nodules,and 30 normal controls.Results Expression of Hpa in PTC was higher than that of benign thyroid nodules (P＜0.01).Expression of Hpa in lymph node metastasis group was higher than that in group without lymph node metastasis (P＜0.05).Compared with the normal control group,the content of serum Hpa in patients with benign thyroid nodules had no significant difference (P＞0.05).Hpa content in serum of patients with PTC was higher than that of benign thyroid nodules group and the normal control group (P＜0.01).There was no statistically significant difference of the level of serum Hpa between groups with and without lymph node metastasis.Conclusions Detecting tissue and preoperative serum Hpa concentration is valuable for diagnosis of PTC.Hpa detection in tissues can be used to determine whether there was lymph node metastasis in PTC patients,while Hpa detection in preoperative serum can not judge whether there is lymph node metastasis.
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Objective To study the relationship between heparanase( Hpa) , urokinase type plasminogen activator( uPA) expression and lymph node metastasis in thyroid carcinoma.Methods Immunohistochemieal SP method was used to analyze the expression of Hpa and uPA in 113 cases of thyroid carcinoma and 134 cases of be-nign thyroid nodules.The expression of Hpa and uPA in thyroid carcinoma and its clinical significance were ana-lyzed.Results The positive expression rate of Hpa and uPA in thyroid carcinoma and benign nodular thyroid tis-sue were 82.30%,16.42%and 89.38%, 11.19%.The positive expression rate of Hpa and uPA in carcinoma tissues with lymph metastasis and without metastasis were 93.94%,100% and 65.96%,74.47%.Expression of Hpa and uPA in thyroid carcinoma group was significantly higher than that of benign thyroid nodules group( P<0.001) .The rate of positive expression in lymph metastatic tissues were significantly higher than those in tissue without metastasis( P<0.001) .Hpa and uPA expression in thyroid carcinoma tissues was positively correlated( r=0.437, P=0.021).Conclusion The expression of Hpa and uPA is closely related with the occurrence and metastasis of thyroid carcinoma.
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In recent years, radiofrequency-ablation with minimal invasive effect has been increasingly used in the treatment of lung cancer, outcoming with obvious achievement. Great progress has been made in the experimental research including creation of electrode needle, the radiofrequency technique and clinical applications. This article overviews the experimental research, clinical application, current status and future research directions of this new treatment modality.
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Objective To investigate the diagnostic Value of multi-slice spiral CT 3-Dimensional reconstruction in intestinal obstruction.Methods 28 Patients with malignant lesions of colon underwent volume scanning using multislice helical CT.Four types of reconstruction included multiple planner reconstruction(MPR),CT virtual colonoscopy(CTVC),shaded surface display(SSD)and raysum.The results were compared with those of colonoscopy and patholog.Results CT diagnostic accurate rate was 100%,and the accurate rate of the cause was 96% in intestinal obstruction,including primary or secondary neoplasms(18/28),abhesions(2/28),bowel torsion(2/28)and external or internal hernias(3/28) and gallstone ileus(3/28).Conclusion There were advantages and disadvantages in diagnosis of mechanical intestinal obstruction with MPR,CTVC,SSD and Raysum respectively.The combined use of the four post-processing technigues can be more helpful to precise localizing and qualitative diagnosis of lesions.MPR should be the optimal post-processing technigues for the diagnosis of intestinal obstruction
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Objective To analyze the CT features of intestinal tumor obstruction, and explore its CT value.Methods CT manifestation and clinical materials of intestinal tumor obstruction proved by surgical findings or endoscopy biopsy in 35 cases were analyzed restrospectively, and compared with the results of surgery-pathology and endoscopy. Results CT findings were consistence with the results of surgery-pathology and endoscopy in 33 of 35 cases. The CT diagnostic accuracy of intestinal obstruction was 100%. And the accuracy of the cause was 94%, including colon carcinoma in 25, lyphoma in 5, gastrointestinal stromal tumor in 2, and lipoma in 3.Conclusion CT has unique advantage in examining intestinal tumor obstruction, not only for definiting the existence of the obstruction, but also locating the site of obstruction diagnosing the cause and chosing the appropriate treatment.