RESUMEN
BACKGROUND:The relationship between long-term heavy drinking and alcohol-induced necrosis of the femoral head has long been clear, but thepathogenesis of alcohol-induced necrosis of the femoral head is currently not fuly understood. OBJECTIVE:To establish a rat model of alcohol-induced avascular necrosis of femoral head and to study its pathogenesis. METHODS: Eighty Wistar rats were randomly divided into experimental and control groups (40 rats per group). Rats in the experimental group were intragastricaly administered strong wine 10 mL/kg, once a day, for 6 consecutive days. Rats in the control group were given physiological saline 10mL/kg, once a day, for 6 consecutive days. Bilateral femoral heads were randomly colected from six rats every month for histomorphological observation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Osteonecrosis: in the experimental group, at 3 months, trabecular bone became thin, arranged disorderly, and the number of empty lacuna began to increase. At 6 months, typical osteonecrosis appeared, and vacant lacunaes increased significantly. In the control group, trabecular bone was complete and neatly arranged. Osteocytes were visible in bone lacuna, and normal morphology of cels was seen. (2) Injury of blood vessels: in the experimental group, at 3 months, micro-intimal hyperplasia was observed. Elastic fibers of partial vascular endothelium were reduced. Elastic fiber andmiddle-layer smooth muscle breakage and proliferation were found. At 6 months, above manifestations were more remarkable. In the control group, arteriole film was not thickened, and vessel wal was normal. (3) Formation of microthrombus, in the experimental group, the number of microthrombus was increased at 3 months, and became significant at 6 months. In the control group, the number of microthrombus was not altered. (4) Results indicated that chronic alcohol intake can lead to microvascular endothelial injury in the rat femoral head. Abnormal blood microcirculation was detected in local region, and resulted in avascular necrosis of the femoral head. The degree of necrosis was associated with alcohol intake.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND:Cel membrane microparticles CD31 and CD54 lead to microvascular injury in the femoral head by mediating vascular inflammatory response, promoting blood clotting, affecting vasomotion and promoting vascular endothelial injury. Studies have verified that membrane particles play an important role in steroid-induced necrosis of the femoral head, but there is no studies concerning relationship between microparticles and alcohol-induced avascular necrosis of femoral head. METHODS/DESIGN:This is a randomized control ed animal study. Healthy male Wistar rats wil be randomly assigned to two groups. In the model group, rats wil be intragastrical y administered hard liquor for 6 consecutive months to prepare models of alcohol-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head. Blank controls wil be intragastrical y given an equal volume of physiological saline. In 1-6 months of intervention, six rats wil be randomly selected from each group every month. Blood wil be col ected separately. Flow cytometry wil be used to detect serum cel membrane particles CD31, CD54 levels. Bilateral femoral head wil be fixed, decalcified, embedded in wax, and then sections. After hematoxylin-eosin staining, empty bone lacuna wil be quantified under a light microscope to identify femoral head necrosis. Verhoff’s staining and MSB microthrombosis staining wil be used to observe microvascular injury and microvascular thrombosis in the femoral head, and to analyze the correlation of CD31 and CD54 levels with femoral head necrosis, vascular endothelial injury and microvascular thrombosis. DISCUSSION:This study wil investigate the effects of CD31 and CD54 on alcohol-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head, explore the pathogenesis of alcohol-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head, provide a new theoretical basis for early diagnosis and early treatment, and may provide a new target for its treatment. ETHICS APPROVAL:The protocol has been approved by the Animal Experimental Ethics Committee of Inner Mongolia Medical University (approval number YKD2016154). Experimental procedures and materials of rats wil be in accordance with the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, which is consistent with the guide of National Institutes of Health. Subject headings:Femur Head Necrosis;Membrane Proteins;Tissue Engineering