Characteristic identification of Sophorae Flavescentis Radix and Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma based on HPTLC-ESI-MS / 药学学报

Sophorae Flavescentis Radix is the dried root of Sophora flavescens Ait. and Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma is the dried root and rhizome of Sophora tonkinensis Gagnep. The two drugs are both from the same genus Sophora, having similar and different compositions and efficacies, however, their differences are not fully demonstrated in current standard. In this study, the high-performance thin-layer chromatography with multi-dimensional and multi-level features combined with electric spray mass spectrometry (HPTLC-ESI-MS) was used to discover and identify the characteristic zones in extracts of Sophorae Flavescentis Radix and Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma, after optimizing the preparation method of the test solution and chromatographic parameters. As a result, 17 main characteristic zones were found on HPTLC chromatograms of Sophorae Flavescentis Radix and Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma, among them, besides 3 known chemicals, another 12 unknown components were identified by HPTLC-ESI-MS, they are 1 alkaloid and 11 flavonoids. The identification results were verified by the reference standards partially and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra after guided-isolation. Finally, a unified HPTLC specific identification method with different markers was established to identify Sophorae Flavescentis Radix and Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma simultaneously. Thanks to abundant chemical information provided when using diverse polarity mobile phases and derivatization reagents, the HPTLC technology offers a convenient strategy for discovery, quality evaluation, and identification of target chemicals when connecting with mass spectrometry.

Research progress on chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Glechomae Herba and prediction of its Q-markers / 中国中药杂志

Glechomae Herba, the dried aerial part of Glechoma longituba(Labiatae), has the effects of promoting urination, draining dampness, and relieving stranguria. It has received wide attention in recent years owing to the satisfactory efficacy on lithiasis. Amid the in-depth chemical and pharmacological research, it has been found that Glechomae Herba has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antithrombotic, hepatoprotective, cholagogic, antitumor, hypoglycemic, and lipid-lowering effects. The main chemical constituents are volatile oils, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, and organic acids. This paper summarized the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Glechomae Herba. Based on genetic relationship of plants, the characteristics, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics of the chemical constituents, and the potential of these constituents as quality markers(Q-markers), it was summed up that ursolic acid, caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, luteolin-7-O-diglucuronide, apigenin, apigenin-7-O-diglucuronide, apigetrin, and glechone can be the candidate Q-markers of Glechomae Herba.

Impact of Extended Ambulatory Electrocardiogram Monitoring on Detection Rate of Arrhythmia in Chronic Heart Failure Patients / 中国循环杂志

Objective: To compare the detection rate of arrhythmia in chronic heart failure (CHF) patients by different time of ambulatory electrocardiogram (Holter). Methods: A total of 108 consecutive elderly CHF patients received 72h Holter in our hospital from 2016-01 to 2016-09 were enrolled. According to NYHA classification, LVEF and plasma NT-proBNP level, the patients were divided into 3 sets of groups. Detection rates of supra-ventricular arrhythmia and ventricular arrhythmia were compared among 24h, 48h and 72h Holter recording. Results: Based on NYHA classification, the patients were divided into 3 groups: NYHA Ⅱ group, n=24, NYHAⅢ group, n=42 and NYHAⅣ group, n=26; based on NT-proBNP level, the patients were divided into 2 groups: NT-proBNP≥1000 pg/ml group and NT-proBNP<1000 pg/ml group, n=54 in each group; based on LVEF, the patients were divided into 3 groups: HFpEF group, n=80, HFmrEF group, n=13 and HFrEF group, n=15. Detection rate for non-sustained atrial tachycardia (NSAT) was 81.7% by 48h Holter which was higher than 64.6% at 24h, P<0.01; for non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) was 38% at 72h which was higher than 25.9% at 24h, P<0.01. For new-onset paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, only 1 patient was detected by 24h Holter and the additional 3 patients were detected by 72h. Group analysis indicated that the detection rate of NSVT was different by 72h and 24h Holter in NYHA Ⅲ patients, P<0.05; while it was similar in NYHA Ⅳ patients, P>0.05. Conclusion: Long term (72h/48h) Holter had the higher detection rate of arrhythmia in HF patients, 24 h monitoring was easier to find NSVT in severer HF patients. In moderate to severe HF patients, the detection time may be prolonged if NSVT couldn't be found by 24h Holter which was helpful for clinical treatment.

Preclinical immunotoxicity evaluation of implantable medical devices / 医疗卫生装备

The preclinical immunotoxicity evaluation of implantable medical devices was described.Firstly,the guidelines and regulations about the immunotoxicity evaluation of medical devices were summarized.These documents directed the immunotoxicity evaluation of implantable medical devices.Secondly,various aspects concerning the design of the immunotoxicity evaluation experiments were discussed here,including the hazardous effect of potential degradation products,the risk management of medical devices,the tests for interactions,the tests for in vitro cytotoxicity,the tests for local effects after implantation,the tests for irritation and delayed-type hypersensitivity,the tests for systemic toxicity.Thirdly,different types of immune responses with regard to immunotoxicity evaluation were listed and introduced here.In the end,the evaluation of implantable medical devices was expected to be more rigorous in the future.

Preclinical immunotoxicity evaluation of implantable medical devices / 医疗卫生装备

The preclinical immunotoxicity evaluation of implantable medical devices was described.Firstly,the guidelines and regulations about the immunotoxicity evaluation of medical devices were summarized.These documents directed the immunotoxicity evaluation of implantable medical devices.Secondly,various aspects concerning the design of the immunotoxicity evaluation experiments were discussed here,including the hazardous effect of potential degradation products,the risk management of medical devices,the tests for interactions,the tests for in vitro cytotoxicity,the tests for local effects after implantation,the tests for irritation and delayed-type hypersensitivity,the tests for systemic toxicity.Thirdly,different types of immune responses with regard to immunotoxicity evaluation were listed and introduced here.In the end,the evaluation of implantable medical devices was expected to be more rigorous in the future.

Chemical constituents from hypoglycemic active part of Plantaginis Semen / 中国中药杂志

The chemical constituents of Plantaginis Semen with hypoglycemic effect was investigated in this paper. The previous results of the in vivo hypoglycemic effect showed that 60% ethanol extract of Plantaginis Semen decreased the levels of FBG and improved the glucose tolerance in high fat diet(HFD)-induced diabetic C57BL/6 mice. Then, in the present study, the above potential bioactive extract was separated and purified by silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, medium pressure liquid chromatography(MPLC)and preparative HPLC. The structures of isolated compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral analyses. Eight compounds were obtained and identified as 4, 4a, 5, 7a-tetrahydro-7-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopenta[c]pyran-3(1H)-one(1), iridolactone(2), pedicularislacton(3), rehmaglutin C(4), geniposidic acid(5), p-hydroxylphenylglycerol(6), 1, 2-benzenediol-4-(2-hydroxyethyl)(7), and 3-buten-2-one-4-[3-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-4-hydroxyphenyl](8). Among them, compounds 1-5 were iridoids, and 6-8 were phenolic acids. Compound 1 was a new natural product, and compounds 2-4, 6 and 8 were isolated from the Plantaginaceae family for the first time.

Repair of soft tissue defect in hand or foot with lobulated medial sural artery perforator flap / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the clinical effect of the lobulated medial sural artery perforator flap in repairing soft tissue defect in hand or foot.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Since March 2012 to September 2014, 6 cases with soft tissue defects in hands or feet were treated by lobulated medial sural artery flaps pedicled with 1st musculo-cutaneous perforator and 2st musculo-cutaneous perforator of the medial sural artery. The size of the flaps ranged from 4.5 cm x 10.0 cm to 6.0 cm x 17.0 cm.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>5 cases of lobulated flap survived smoothly, only 1 lobulated flap had venous articulo, but this flap also survived after the articulo was removed by vascular exploration. All flaps had desirable appearance and sensation and the two-point discrimination was 6 mm in mean with 4 to 12 months follow-up (average, 7 months). Linear scar was left in donor sites in 3 cases and skin scar in 3 cases. There was no malfunction in donor sites.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Lobulated medial sural artery perforator flap is feasible and ideal method for the treatment of soft tissue defect in hand or foot with satisfactory effect.</p>

Detection of hepatitis B virus A1762T/G1764A mutant by amplification refractory mutation system

OBJECTIVE: To study the role of hepatitis B virus with A1762T/G1764A double mutation in liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, and create a sensitive, fast, accurate assay for detection of A1762T/G1764A double mutation. METHODS: We developed an accurate and fast real-time amplification refractory mutation system to detect A1762T/G1764A double mutation. Cloned hepatitis B virus genome was used as a control. Assay sensitivity was determined by serial dilution and mixed template experiments. Specificity was determined by cross experiments with wild and mutant hepatitis B virus. Fifty clinical samples were tested by the real-time amplification refractory mutation system and the results were compared with sequencing. RESULTS: The real-time amplification refractory mutation system had a sensitivity of 100 copies of virus with these mutations, and 0.1% weak population virus with double mutation could be found in mixtures. A total of 50 randomly collected clinical samples were detected by real-time amplification refractory mutation system, and the results were consistent with those by DNA sequencing. Hepatitis B virus genotype C was more prevalent in 39 of 50 samples than genotype B (11 samples), and about 75% of genotype C carried a double mutation compared to 45% of genotype B. However, the percentage of A1762T/G1764A double mutation in hepatitis B e antigen-negative (58.3%) samples was almost the same as in hepatitis B e antigen-positive (61%) samples. CONCLUSION: The real-time amplification refractory mutation system is sensitive and specific for detection of hepatitis B virus double mutation. .

Psychological intervention for postpartum depression / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The postpartum depression outcome and the effect of psychological intervention were studied in order to reduce the occurrence and development of the postpartum depression. A survey of 4000 women within 4-6 weeks postpartum in 80 communities in Shenzhen, China was performed using random cluster sampling method. By employing Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) as a screening tool, the positive women (defined as EPDS ≥10) were randomly divided into intervention group and control group at a ratio of 1:2. The women in the intervention group were treated by means of mailing postpartum depression prevention and treatment knowledge manual, face-to-face counseling, and telephone psychological counseling interventions aiming at individual risk factors, while those in the control group were treated with conventional methods. EPDS scores were assessed in these two groups again at 6th month postpartum. Totally, 3907 valid questionnaires were obtained. All the 771 positive women were divided into two groups: 257 in the intervention group, and 514 in the control group. At 6th month postpartum, the EPDS scores in the intervention group were decreased significantly, from baseline stage (12.84±3.02) to end stage (3.05±2.93), while EPDS scores in the control group were reduced from 12.44±2.78 to 6.94±4.02. There were significant differences in the EPDS scores at end stage between the two groups (t=13.059, P<0.001). Psychological intervention can reduce postpartum depression, with better maternal compliance. It is feasible and necessary to establish postpartum depression screening and psychological intervention model in community-hospital and include the postpartum depression screening, intervention, and follow-up into the conventional healthcare.

Psychological intervention for postpartum depression / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The postpartum depression outcome and the effect of psychological intervention were studied in order to reduce the occurrence and development of the postpartum depression. A survey of 4000 women within 4-6 weeks postpartum in 80 communities in Shenzhen, China was performed using random cluster sampling method. By employing Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) as a screening tool, the positive women (defined as EPDS ≥10) were randomly divided into intervention group and control group at a ratio of 1:2. The women in the intervention group were treated by means of mailing postpartum depression prevention and treatment knowledge manual, face-to-face counseling, and telephone psychological counseling interventions aiming at individual risk factors, while those in the control group were treated with conventional methods. EPDS scores were assessed in these two groups again at 6th month postpartum. Totally, 3907 valid questionnaires were obtained. All the 771 positive women were divided into two groups: 257 in the intervention group, and 514 in the control group. At 6th month postpartum, the EPDS scores in the intervention group were decreased significantly, from baseline stage (12.84±3.02) to end stage (3.05±2.93), while EPDS scores in the control group were reduced from 12.44±2.78 to 6.94±4.02. There were significant differences in the EPDS scores at end stage between the two groups (t=13.059, P<0.001). Psychological intervention can reduce postpartum depression, with better maternal compliance. It is feasible and necessary to establish postpartum depression screening and psychological intervention model in community-hospital and include the postpartum depression screening, intervention, and follow-up into the conventional healthcare.

Effects of HOXB4-transfecting directly and HOXB4-transfected HUCMSC on in vitro expansion of human umbilical cord blood CD34+ cells / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was purposed to investigate the difference of nucleated cell (NC) count, CD34(+) cell ratio and expansion multiple, cell cycle and colony formation capability in in vitro expanded human umbilical cord blood CD34(+) cells from HOXB4-transfecting directly and HOXB4-transfected human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUCMSC) by means of prepared feeder layers of HUCMSC. The HUCMSC were divided into 2 groups:first group, in which HOXB4 gene was transfected into HUCMSC by using lentiviral vecfor, and feeder layers were set up; and second group in which feeder layers for HUCMSC of non-transfected HOXB4 gene were set up. The CD34(+) cells were separated from HUCB by magmatic activated cell sorting(MACS). After culture in medium with cytokines for 2 days, CD34(+) cells were divided into 5 groups, including control group and experimental group. The control groups included CD34(+) cells as group A (blank control group) and GFP-CD34(+) cells as group B (negative control group) and experimental groups included HOXB4-CD34(+) cells as group C, HUCMSC+CD34(+) cells as group D, HOXB4-HUCMSC+ CD34(+) cells as group E and cells in all groups were cultured in vitro. The number of nucleated cells were counted at day 6, 10, 14 of culture and CD34 immunophenotypes, cell cycle and colony forming capability were measured at day 10 of culture in different conditions. The results indicated that HOXB4 gene could be transfected into HUCMSC by lentiviral vector and feeder layers were set up successfully. After culture for 14 days, the nucleated cells in 5 groups could be amplified effectively, and the expansion levels in 5 groups were in order HOXB4-HUCMSC+CD34(+) cell group> HOXB4-CD34(+) cell group>HUCMSC+CD34(+) cell group> control groups (P < 0.05). At day 10 of in vitro expansion the CD34(+) cell percentage decreased significantly in all groups, while the number of CD34(+) cell increased in experiment groups, which were in order HOXB4-CD34(+) cells group> HOXB4-HUCMSC+CD34(+) cell group>HUCMSC+CD34(+) cell group>control groups (P < 0.05). The cell cycle detection showed that the percentage of cells in S+G2/M phase in experiment groups were higher than that in control groups (P < 0.05), and percentage of cells in HOXB4-HUCMSC+CD34(+) cells group was higher (41.57%) than that in HOXB4-CD34(+) cells group(37.87%) and HUCMSC+CD34(+) cell group (28.65%) (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in the CFU number between HOXB4-HUCMSC+CD34(+) cell group and HOXB4-CD34(+) cell group, which were both higher than that in HUCMSC+CD34(+) cell group and control groups (P < 0.05).It is concluded that the CD34(+) cells cultured on HOXB4-HUCMSC feeder layers can be amplified significantly and kept the characteristics of stem cells, The feeder lager of HOXB4-HUCMSC is relative safe for amplification of CD34(+) cells in vitro, it possesses the potential useful value.

Construction of lentivirus vector containing human homeobox gene HOXB4 and its expression in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was purposed to construct lentivirus vector containing human homeobox gene HOXB4 and explore changes of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUCMSC) after infected with HOXB4 mediated by lentivirus. PCR amplification was performed to obtain HOXB4, which was cloned in lenti-shuttle vector. Four-plasmid lentivirus packaging system was used to transfect HEK293T cells. After 48 h, lentivirus Lenti-HOXB4 was harvested and lentivirus titer was determined. Lenti-HOXB4 was used to infect HUCMSC. The infected cells were observed under inverted fluorescence microscope to determine the optimal multiplicity of infection (MOI). Meanwhile, RT-PCR, immune fluorescence staining, CCK-8 and flow cytometry (FCM) were used to determine the expression of HOXB4 and its effect on cell growth. The results indicated that lenti-HOXB4 was successfully obtained by co-transfecting the 293T cells with four plasmids. The determined virus titer was 3×10(8) TU/ml; when MOI was 20. Lenti-HOXB4 had a high transfection rate in HUCMSC, over 80%. In HUCMSC infected with lenti-HOXB4, the expression of target gene could be detected both at mRNA and protein levels. It could promote the proliferation of HUCMSC. FCM results indicated HOXB4 gene did not significantly influence the surface marker of HUCMSC. It is concluded that HOXB4 gene can promote the high proliferation of HUCMSC and does not significantly influence the expression of the surface marker of HUCMSC.

Expressions of cell cycle associated factors geminin and cdt1 in patients with acute leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

The purpose of this study was to detect the expression levels of geminin and cdt1 in peripheral blood and bone marrow from patients with newly diagnosed acute leukemia (AL), and further explore effects of them in the pathogenesis of AL. mRNA expression of geminin and cdt1 in peripheral blood and bone marrow of newly diagnosed AL patients was detected by SYBR Green real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(SYBR-RT-PCR). The results showed that mRNA expressions of both geminin and cdt1 in peripheral blood were positive in 10 out of 13 newly diagnosed ALL patients (76.92%) and in 9 out of 14 newly diagnosed AML patients (64.29%), while no positive expression of these 2 genes was detected in 10 normal controls; mRNA expression levels of geminin and cdt1 in bone marrow of newly diagnosed ALL and AML patients were 108.06 ± 67.34 and 52.37 ± 35.16, 62.66 ± 58.69 and 26.68 ± 22.29, respectively, which were higher than those in normal controls (11.81 ± 2.83 and 7.32 ± 5.77), there were significant differences (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05). mRNA expression of geminin was significantly positive related to mRNA expression of cdt1 in bone marrow of 34 newly diagnosed AL patients (r = 0.55, p < 0.01). It is concluded that mRNA expressions of geminin and cdt1 are enhanced and significantly positively related between them in bone marrow of AL patients. The over-expression of geminin and cdt1 mRNA may play an important role in pathogenesis of AL.

Construction and identification of a eukaryotic expression vector containing human homeobox gene / 中国实验血液学杂志

In order to investigate the special role of HOXB4 in expansion and self renewal of hematopoietic stem cells, the cDNA of HOXB4 was extracted and cloned from umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells by using RT-PCR. Then the eukaryotic expression bicistronic plasmid vector pIRES2-EGFP/HOXB4 was designed and constructed after cutting HOXB4 and pIRES2-EGFP respectively by restriction enzyme EcoRI and BamHI. The recombinant plasmid was delivered into competent cells of Escherichia coli. The successful construction of plasmid was confirmed by the identification of endonuclease cutting and sequencing. The results showed that the HOXB4 cDNA was cloned successfully from umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells and the recombinant eukaryotic expression bicistronic plasmid vector was constructed, and then introduced it into 293T cells successfully. It is concluded that a pIRES2-EGFP/HoxB1 eukaryotic expression bicistronic plasmid vector has been constructed successfully, which results provide a useful material basis for exploration of HoxB4 function in the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells.

A new fragmentation rearrangement of the N-terminal protected amino acids using ESI-MS/MS.

A novel fragmentation rearrangement reaction with a carboxyl oxygen negative charge migration was observed in the N-terminal protected amino acids including Fmoc-protected phosphoserine. phosphothroenine, and phosphotyrosine and their analogues using the electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). The possible mechanism of a five-membered ring transition state was proposed and supported by the further experiments. It was found that the tendency of the rearrangement was determined by the blocking status of its C-terminal and the reaction was proved to be independent of the N-terminal and side-chain protecting groups of the amino acids.

Application of Procalcitonin Test in Lower Respiratory Tract Infection / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the diagnosis value of the procalcitonin(PCT) test in the lower respiratory tract infection(LRTI),and to provide the application of PCT in the bacterial infectious disease.METHODS Procalcitonin concentrations were measured using the quantitative immunofluorescence test in 93 patients and the results were compared with the levels of C-reactive protein(CRP) and white blood cell count(WBC).Samples were collected and divided into 2 groups,one including 63 cases(bacterial infected group) the other including 30 cases(non-bacterial infected group) corresponding to their clinical diagnosis(temperature,heart rate,bacteremia culture,CRP,WBC count).RESULTS The levels of PCT in bacterial infected group were significantly higher than in non-bacterial infected group(P