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Rheumatoid arthritis （RA） is a systemic autoimmune disease with local joint pain as the main clinical manifestation. It is one of the diseases specifically responding to traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. The occurrence of RA is not only related to innate factors like genetic disorder but also associated with environmental factors， such as diets and microbial infection. The intestine， a vital human organ with digestive and immune functions， is a place where microorganisms colonize and exert intestinal metabolism-improving， barrier-protecting， and immunomodulatory effects. As the research on the onset and treatment of RA is deepening， the potential relationship of intestinal structural and functional abnormalities with the pathogenesis and progression of RA has been revealed. As clinical and experimental studies indicated， joint inflammation coexists with the impaired barrier function， imbalanced immune cells， and disordered gut microbiota. The theory of the gut-joint axis in the pathogenesis， progression， and treatment of RA is highly consistent with the holistic view in TCM. The recent pharmacological studies have shown that Chinese medicine prescriptions and active components can inhibit inflammation， protect joints， and maintain the intestinal function. This article summarizes the basic connotation of the gut-joint axis in RA and the mechanism by which TCM protect the intestinal barrier and modulate the immunity by regulating the gut microbiota structure and improving microbial metabolism in the treatment of RA. This review gives insights into the future research on the gut-joint axis in RA.
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Pruni Semen,the seed of several unique Prunus plants,is a traditional purgative herbal material.To determine the authentic sources of Pruni Semen,46 samples from four species were collected and analyzed.Ten compounds including multiflorin A(Mul A),a notable purative compound,were isolated and identified by chemical separation and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.Seventy-six communal components were identified by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with linear ion trap-quadrupole Orbitrap mass spectrometry,and acetyl flavonoid glycosides were recognized as characteristic constituents.The flavonoids were distributed in the seed coat and cyanogenic glycosides in the kernel.Based on this,methods for identifying Pruni Semen from different sources were established using chemical fingerprinting,quantitative analysis of the eight principal compounds,hierarchical cluster analysis,principal component analysis,and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis.The results showed that the samples were divided into two categories:one is the small seeds from Prunus humilis(Ph)and Prunus japonica(Pj),and the other is the big seeds from Prunus pedunculata(Pp)and Prunus triloba(Pt).The average content of Mul A was 3.02.6.93,0.40,and 0.29 mg/g,while the average content of amygdalin was 18.5,17.7,31.5,and 30.9 mg/g in Ph,Pj,Pp,and Pt,respectively.All the above information suggests that small seeds might be superior sources of Pruni Semen.This is the first comprehensive report on the identification of chemical components in Pruni Semen from different species.
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Robotic surgical systems are gradually being used in minimally invasive surgery with their advantages of high-definition magnified 3D images, stable surgical field and flexible operation. The change of surgical approach and the narrow operating space in robotic thyroid surgery have made it more difficult to identify and protect the laryngeal nerve, and the application of nerve monitoring has been limited. Many researchers have attempted to improve the monitoring equipment and probe placement to make intraoperative neuromonitoring techniques work well in robotic thyroid surgery. In this paper, we seek effective ways to protect the laryngeal nerve in robotic thyroid surgery, and lay the foundation for a more minimally invasive and standardized development of this technology.
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OBJECTIVE To study the quality grade stand ard of the premature Forsythia suspensa . METHODS A total of 138 batches of premature F. suspensa were collected from the main producing areas of F. suspensa in China. According to 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia ，the contents of impurities ，moisture，ethanol-soluble extract ，volatile oil ，forsythin and forsythoside A in the premature F. suspense were determined ，and the qualified samples were screened. AHP-PCA mixed weighting method was used to give comprehensive weight to the indicators （except for the limit of impurity ）. The comprehensive score of the samples was calculated. The suggestions on the quality grade division of premature F. suspensa were put forward according to cluster analysis of K-mean value. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS The contents of impurities ，moisture，ethanol-soluble extract ，volatile oil ，forsythin and forsythoside A in the premature F. suspense were 0-7.80％，1.60％-8.18％，13.13％-61.60％，0.21％-3.47％，0.02％-2.15％ and 0.79％-14.04％，respectively；average contents of them were 1.24％，4.97％，34.88％，2.01％，0.42％，6.86％，respectively. Totally 47 batches of 138 batches were qualified in all indexes. It is suggested that the quality grade of the premature F. suspense can be divided into three grades ：in first grade of F. suspense ，the contents of volatile oil ，forsythin，forsythoside A ， ethanol-soluble extract and moisture were ≥2.40％，≥0.59％，≥8.34％，≥38.66％ and ≤4.99％，respectively；in second grade of F. suspense ，the contents of above indicators were ≥2.26％，≥0.41％，≥7.47％，≥32.58％ and ≤5.33％，respectively；in third grade of F. suspense ，the contents of above indicators were ≥2.15％，≥0.32％，≥4.60％，≥31.52％ and≤7.23％，respectively.
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Objective:To systematically evaluate the effect of couple-centered psychological intervention on breast cancer patients.Methods:Randomized controlled trials published in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, JBI, CNKI, Wanfang, Vip and CBM database on the effect of psychological intervention on breast cancer patients with husband and wife as the center were searched by computer. The retrieval time was from the establishment of the database to September 2020. Two reviewer independently conducted literature screening, data extraction and literature quality evaluation according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and Meta analysis was carried out using RevMan 5.3 software.Results:A total of 879 patients were included in 11 articles. Meta analysis results showed that the couple-centered psychological intervention not only improved the quality of life, but also improved the anxiety of breast cancer patients ( SMD=1.54, 95% CI 0.22-2.86, P=0.02) and depression ( SMD=1.22, 95% CI 0.12-2.33, P=0.03). Conclusions:After psychological intervention, the anxiety and depression of breast cancer patients were improved and the quality of life was also improved. Due to the inconsistency in the mode, frequency and evaluation index of psychological intervention, more large samples and high-quality studies are needed to further verify the effect of couple-centered psychological intervention on breast cancer patients and spouses centered on husband and wife.
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Objective:To analyze the prognostic factors of robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC).Methods:The clinical data of 224 patients underwent RARC from December 2014 to December 2018 in Nanjing Drum Hospital were reviewed. There were 193 males and 31 females, aged 36-92 years, with mean of 68 years. There were 7 patients(3.1%)undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the ASA scores of 125 patients (55.8%) were more than 2, and the mean body mass index was 23.4(15.4-35.5)kg/m 2. All patients were treated with RARC, with 72(32.1%) patients undergoing intraoperative blood transfusion. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze recurrence-free survival rate (RFS), cancer-specific survival rate (CSS) and overall survival rate (OS). Cox multivariate risk ratio model was used to evaluate the correlation between survival outcome and perioperative and pathological factors in patients treated with RARC. Results:For pathological status, there were 82 of ≤T 1, 64 of T 2, 57 of T 3 and 21 of T 4. Of all the patients, 49(21.9%) had lymph node metastasis, 12(5.4%) had positive surgical margin, 82(36.6%) had lymphovascular invasion(LVI), and 41(18.3%) underwent adjuvant chemotherapy. Follow-up time was between 11-60 months, and the median follow-up time was 24 months. The 5-year cumulative OS, RFS and CSS were 57.15%, 48.84% and 59.60%, respectively. Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that T stage( HR=5.764, 95% CI 1.926-17.249, P=0.002; HR=4.086, 95% CI 1.611-10.364, P=0.003; HR=9.391, 95% CI 2.118-41.637, P=0.003), N stage( HR=6.446, 95% CI 3.438-12.087, P<0.001; HR=5.661, 95% CI 3.086-10.385, P<0.001; HR=5.980, 95% CI 2.982-11.992, P<0.001), LVI( HR=3.319, 95% CI 2.008-5.486, P<0.001; HR=2.894, 95% CI 1.782-4.701, P<0.001; HR=3.471, 95% CI 2.017-5.974, P<0.001), American Society of Anesthesia (ASA)score( HR=2.888, 95% CI 1.619-5.150, P<0.001; HR=1.765, 95% CI 1.060-2.940, P=0.029; HR=2.612, 95% CI 1.424-4.792, P=0.002), body mass index( HR=0.886, 95% CI 0.819-0.957, P=0.002; HR=0.885, 95% CI 0.819-0.955, P=0.002; HR=0.862, 95% CI 0.792-0.938, P=0.001), age( HR=1.580, 95% CI 1.250-1.997, P<0.001; HR=1.362, 95% CI 1.088-1.705, P=0.007; HR=1.530, 95% CI 1.190-1.968, P=0.001) and intraoperative blood transfusion( HR=1.899, 95% CI 1.160-3.108, P=0.011; HR=2.218, 95% CI 1.371-3.587, P=0.001; HR=2.227, 95% CI 1.312-3.782, P=0.003) were significantly related to survival outcome. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that T stage( HR=4.506, 95% CI 1.433-14.175, P=0.01; HR=3.159, 95% CI 1.180-8.454, P=0.022; HR=7.810, 95% CI 1.674-36.444, P=0.009), N stage( HR=6.096, 95% CI 2.981-12.467, P<0.001; HR=5.368, 95% CI 2.683-10.740, P<0.001; HR=5.539, 95% CI 2.497-12.288, P<0.001) and ASA score( HR=6.180, 95% CI 2.371-16.110, P<0.001; HR=2.702, 95% CI 1.175-6.215, P=0.019; HR=6.471, 95% CI 2.290-18.286, P<0.001) were independent predictors of RFS, CSS and OS, and adjuvant chemotherapy( R=0.434, 95% CI 0.202-0.930, P=0.032) could only predict OS. Conclusion:T stage, N stage and ASA were main independent predictors of postoperative survival outcomes, and adjuvant chemotherapy was independent predictor of OS.
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Objective To perfect the purification method of recombinant fusion protein of Hespintor (rHespintor) for increasing the protein extraction efficiency,and to investigate its effects on the proliferation,migration and invasion of hepatoblastoma cell line HepG2.Methods In the recombinant protein extraction,the inclusion body washing process was added and the protein purification buffer system was changed.BAPNA was used as the substrate.The inhibitory effect tof purified rHespintor on trypsin hydrolysis was detected.The blank group served as the control group.The MTT test,cell scratch wound healing test and tumor cell invasion test were performed to detect the effect of rHespintor on growth of hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells and its effect.Results The urea gradient washing on the inclusion body protein could effectively remove the vast majority of impure proteins from the targeted protein.After one-step purification,the target protein rHespintor exhibited a high inhibition effect of trypsin hydrolysis,and the inhibitory effect was exhibited a dose-dependent manner.After acting on hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells with rHespintor,the cell proliferation ability was inhibited,the migration ability was reduced and the number of invaded cells were significantly decreased.Conclusion rHespintor can significantly inhibit the proliferation,migration and invasion of hepatoblastoma cell line HepG2 cells in vitro.
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Objective To understand the present situation and requirements of health education in schistosomiasis control in Hubei Province,so as to improve the health education to the targeted people. Method Through the questionnaire survey and field investigation,the data of the present situation and requirements of health education in schistosomiasis control were collect-ed in 24 counties(cities)of Hubei Province,and these data included the related institution structure of health education,basic information of personnel,equipment,funds,and health education working form. All the data collected were analyzed and evalu-ated. Results Among the 24 counties,there were 12 independent departments of health education,accounting for 50%. In terms of the basic information of the health education staff,the youngest person was 34 years old and the eldest was 58 years old,and the mean age was 46.55± 6.9 years. For the formal school education of the staff,5 had senior high school or below edu-cation (20.8%),16 had college education (66.7%),3 had bachelor degree or above (12.5%). There were 10 counties (41.70%)with the special funds for health education work but there were 3 counties(12.50%)without the special funds. Con-clusion The effectiveness of health education work in schistosomiasis control is remarkable,but there are still deficiencies in professional staff and funds in Hubei Province.