Human T-lymphotropic virus-1 associated with adult T-cell lymphoma/ leukemia and generalized expansion of palatal and jaw bones: a rare case report

Human T-lymphotropic virus-1 [HTLV-1] can cause adult T-cell leukemia/ lymphoma [ATL/L], which is a rare and aggressive type of blood cancer. Herein, we report a case of ATL/L in a middle-aged man with unusual jaw presentations. The patient presented with mandibular, maxillary and palatal bony hard expansion, accompanied by generalized tooth mobility six months prior to admission to the Department of Oral Medicine. The panoramic radiograph showed generalized rarefaction of jaw bones. After laboratory examinations and bone marrow aspiration, ATL/L was diagnosed in association with HTLV-1. The patient underwent chemotherapy. Although the majority of infections associated with HTLV-1 are asymptomatic, some patients may develop blood diseases such as ATL/L and neurological disorders, mainly HTLV-1 associated myelopathy and tropical spastic paraparesis. ATL/L is a rare hematological malignancy in oral cavity that should be included in the differential diagnosis of cases with jaw swelling or generalized demineralization. Serum levels of anti-HTLV-1 antibodies should be examined in suspicious patients, particularly in endemic regions

Low level laser therapy [lllt] for orofacial pain

Low-power lasers are a group of lasers with a power less than 500 mW and unlike high-power lasers they have no effect on tissue temperature; they produce light-dependent chemical reactions in tissues. The purpose of this study was to review the clinical applications of these lasers and their success rate in different studies in orofacial pains. The articles with the key word "low level laser therapy" were extracted from pubmed. Clinical trials, meta-analysis, randomized clinical trials, and review articles were selected. Related articles to orofacial region were gathered and selected from the search results and carefully reviewed. Laser therapy may affect many cellular and sub-cellular processes, although exact mechanism has not been well-defined yet. Articles had different points of views as mentioned in the context of this article. Low level laser therapy was effective in orofacial pain relief in most studies, but the use of laser remains controversial. These lasers have analgesic features, and it is according to these features they have been used in the treatment of orofacial pain, including myofacial pain, mucositis, facial myalgia, temporomandibular joint disorders and neuralgia. It seems that laser therapy can be considered as an alternative physical modality in treatment of orofacial pain.

T-cell lymphoma of palate with nose and maxillary sinus involvement: a case report

Oral cavity T-cell lymphoma occurs rarely. This case report describes a patient with such a tumor. The case was a 75 years old man presented with a painless swelling on his hard palate mucosa. He had suffered from nose- bleeding and nasal obstruction. Pathology revealed the presence of a T-cell lymphoma tumor in the palate. Though rare, the signs and symptoms of the case suggest that T-cell lymphoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of oral cavity lesions