Prevalence of primary headache in association with age, sex, obesity and hypertension among patients received at OPD of Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad / Jamshoro

Aim and Objective: To determine the association of primary headache with age, sex, obesity and hypertension among patients received at medical Out-patient-department of Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad / Jamshoro

Study Design: It is a cross-sectional study conducted at Liaquat University Hospital Out-Patient Department, Hyderabad / Jamshoro, to determine the prevalence of primary headache in association with sex, age, obesity and hypertension

Place and Duration of Study: Out-Patient-Department of medicine in Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad / Jamshoro from 1[st] January 2015 to 1[st] June 2015

Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 200 patients [both male and female] from different age groups received in Out-Patient-Department of Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad. SPSS 20 version was used for analysis and results. Proforma questionnaires were used for patients including bio-data, history, blood pressure and BMI. Inclusion criteria: All adult patients, both males and females, over the age of 18 years, with presenting complaint of headache were included in the study after taking proper consent. Proper history taking, vital signs, neurological examination, eye examination, BMI, and random blood sugar level were performed. Exclusion criteria: Patients having stroke, hypoglycemia [blood sugar <60mg/dl], diabetic ketoacidosis, intracranial hypertension, eye problem, and Chronic Liver Disease were excluded from this study

Results: Out of a total number of 200 patients, 60% were female and 39% were male, while 1% was dropout during follow-up. Most of the patients were between the ages of 30-60 years. Our study determines 86% of patients have primary headache with normal blood pressure [normal BP 88%] and 13% have secondary headache mostly caused by hypertension [BP 10%], 1% patients was dropout during follow-up from study. Out of 200 patients, 48% were found to have a normal BMI [body mass index], whereas 39% were over weight and 11% had obesity and 2% came under category of morbid obesity

Conclusion: This study result determined that among the patients received at medical Out-Patient Department of Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad / Jamshoro, primary headache is more common in young females who have an increased body mass index and normal blood pressure. So it is prudent to spread awareness through media campaigns, seminars, and workshops etc, regarding prevention and proper treatment of primary headache in such patients

MDCT at LUMHS: detection the small pulmonary nodules by use of maximum intensity projection images

Objective: To assess the benefit of computed tomography by using Maximum Intensity Projection [MIP] compare to Volume Rendering [VR] reconstructions to study pulmonary metastases

Study Design: Observational / descriptive study

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at Radiology Department of Liaquat Medical University Hospital Hyderabad from July 2015 to April 2016

Materials and Methods: Computed tomography studies of 30 pulmonary metastatic cases were reviewed retrospectively. Images were evaluated as number of the nodules. Two viewers on VR and MIP reconstructions on axial-source images assessed these parameters. Independent evaluation of the MIP and VR images was done by well experienced chest radiologist. In the course of independent image assessment, each pulmonary nodule was indicated by an arrow as well as recorded in the Performa

Results: A total of 30 cases were integrated in our study. The mean age of the cases was 52.12 +/- 7.33 years. Out of 30 cases male were in majority 24[80%]. Total 334 nodules were detected by MIP images, while out of them 276 were detected by VR images and 58 were missed, therefore MIP images is the significantly more detectable technique for pulmonary nodules detection. P= value 0.001. Following by central 253 nodules were detected by MIP images, out of them 40 nodules missed by VR images and 113 were detected, with significant difference P value = 0.001. Similarly all the peripheral nodules were also significantly more detected by MIP images, as compare to VR images. P value = 0.001

Conclusion: Maximum intensity projection is more useful and best technique, to detect the small pulmonary nodules especially in central lung

Etiology and clinical pattern of patients presenting with pancytopenia at tertiary care hospital

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the various cause and clinical presentation in patients having pancytopenia in tertiary care hospital

Study Design: Descriptive / cross-sectional

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in the Medicine Department of LUMHS, Jamshoro from 2013-2015

Materials and Methods: Total 80 cases of pancytopenia were enrolled in the study. Patients were included above age of 15 years from both sexes. Pancytopenia was defined as: WBCs [

Results: Total 80 cases were studied, who represented pancytopenia. Male were in majority 61[76.25%]. Majority of the young cases was found with mean age of 33.23 years. Most common clinical feature was found general weakness in 19[23.75%] patients followed by fever [18.75%], dyspnea 11[13.75%], bone pain 6[7.5%], anemia 6[7.5%] and pain in legs in 4[5%] patients. According to the etiological pattern aplastic anemia and malaria was found most common in 18 [22.5%] and 11 [13.75%] cases respectively

Conclusion: Aplastic anemia and malaria was the commonest factor of pancytopenia in this study mostly in young males. The commonest clinical presentation observed was generalized weakness after that fever and dyspnea