Diagnosis, treatment and medical evaluation of head and neck tumors in aircrew / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To sum up the experiences of diagnosis, treatment and medical evaluation of head and neck tumors in aircrew.@*METHOD@#Sixty-seven cases of pilot patients with head and neck tumors in our hospital since September in 1979 to July in 2009 were retrospective analyzed in the study.@*RESULT@#Among 44 aircrew with benign head and neck tumors there were 37 cases continued their flying jobs and 7 cases were permanently grounded; whereas in 23 aircrew with malignant tumors there were 6 cases qualified for flight and 17 patients unqualified.@*CONCLUSION@#Benign or malignant of the head and neck neoplasm in the pilots are not the exclusive basis for their medical assessment. Tumor nature, location, efficacy of treatment and the impact on the function of their body should be considered as making the flight medical evaluation for the aircrew with head and neck tumors. Early diagnosis and treatment of head and neck tumors in aircrew are very important for reducing the rate of grounded.

Preliminary study on diplopore puncture of tympanum and intratympanic administration for management of acute secretory otitis media / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the therapeutical effects of diplopore puncture of tympanum and intratympanic administration (DPTIA) on patients with acute secretory otitis media (ASOM).@*METHOD@#One hundred and forty-one cases with ASOM were divided into two groups randomly, with 69 cases (80 ears) in group A (experimental group) and 72 cases (84 ears) in group B (control group). Group A was treated with DPTIA combined with medication, group B was treated with haplopore puncture of tympanum combined with medication. All patients accepted 1 to 3 courses of treatment, and were observed during the period of treatment and 3 months after treatment.@*RESULT@#The factors (including gender, age, side of ailing ear, course of disease, air-bone gap in the pure tone average, and acoustic immittance type in ailing ear) which may impact the prognosis were matched in two groups prior treatment (P>0.05). While there was a significant difference in the cure rate and the total effective rate respectively between two groups after treatment (P<0.05). No adverse reaction or complication was seen.@*CONCLUSION@#DPTIA is a safe, reliable and effective way to manage patients with ASOM.

Preliminary study on diplopore puncture of tympanum and intratympanic administration for management of acute secretory otitis media / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective:To evaluate the therapeutical effects of diplopore puncture of tympanum and intratympanic administration(DPTIA) on patients with acute secretory otitis media(ASOM).Method:One hundred and forty -one cases with ASOM were divided into two groups randomly,with 69 cases(80 ears) in group A(experimental group) and 72 cases(84 ears) in group B(control group).Group A was treated with DPTIA combined with medication, group B was treated with haplopore puncture of tympanum combined with medication. All patients accepted 1 to 3 courses of treament,and were observed during the period of treatment and 3 months after treatment.Result:The factors (including gender, age, side of ailing ear, course of disease, air-bone gap in the pure tone average,and acoustic immitance type in ailing ear) which may impact the prognosis were matched in two groups prior treatment(P＞0.05). While there was a significant difference in the cure rate and the total effective rate respectively between two groups after treatment(P＜0.05).No adverse reaction or complication was seen.Conclusion:DPTIA is a safe, reliable and effective way to manage patients with ASOM.

D-AP5 blocks the increase of intracellular free Ca2+ induced by glutamate in isolated cochlear IHCs / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of D-AP5 (D-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoate, a specific NMDA-antagonist) on the increase of intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) induced by glutamate in isolated cochlear inner hair cells (IHCs), and to detect the autoreceptors of the IHC membrane.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>When a laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM) was used, the exogenous glutamate (Glu)-induced changes in [Ca2+]i of isolated IHCs and OHCs of guinea pig cochlea were observed with fluo-3, a fluorescent probe for [Ca2+]i. After D-AP5 or CNQX (6--cyano--7--nitroguinoxaline--2, 3--dione, a specific AMPA- antagonist) was administered, the exogenous glutamate (Glu)-induced changes in [Ca2+]i of isolated IHCs were recorded.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the presence of a low concentration Glu (3.85 mumol/L), there was an increase of [Ca2+]i in IHCs, whereas there was no change in OHCs. When 50 mumol/L of D-AP5 was administrated in advance, Glu did not induce a corresponding increase in [Ca2+]i in IHCs, and 50 mumol/L of CNQX did not completely block the increase of [Ca2+]i in IHCs.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>These results suggest that the autoreceptors existing in the IHC membrane are mainly of NMDA type, while there are relatively few AMPA receptors. Exogenous Glu is capable of increasing [Ca2+]i in IHCs by acting on the NMDA autoreceptor of IHCs in a positive feedback manner.</p>