Clinical application status of multiple localization methods in the treatment of pulmonary nodules by sub-lobectomy / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#The precise localization of pulmonary nodules has become an important technical key point in the treatment of pulmonary nodules by thoracoscopic surgery, which is a guarantee for safe margin and avoiding removal of too much normal lung parenchyma. With the development of medical technology and equipment, the methods of locating pulmonary nodules are also becoming less trauma and convenience. There are currently a number of methods applied to the preoperative or intraoperative localization of pulmonary nodules, including preoperative percutaneous puncture localization, preoperative transbronchial localization, intraoperative palpation localization, intraoperative ultrasound localization, and localization according to anatomy. The most appropriate localization method should be selected according to the location of the nodule, available equipment, and surgeon鈥檚 experience. According to the published literatures, we have sorted out a variety of different theories and methods of localization of pulmonary nodules in this article, summarizing their advantages and disadvantages for references.

Reliability of ICF dysfunction combination in rehabilitated inpatients / 中国现代医生

@#Objective To explore the inter-rater and within-rater reliability of the 30 categories of the International Classification of Functioning Disability,and Health(ICF)dysfunction set(ICF generic-30 set)in clinical function assessment,to provide a basis for its clinical application.Methods Ninety patients from the Neurorehabilitation Department of the First People's Hospital of Suqian City were enrolled in this study.All patients were evaluated by the same functional evaluator's ICF dysfunction combination at the two time points of admission and discharge for the internal reliability analysis of the evaluator.Thirty patients in the neurorehabilitation department were randomly selected to be evaluated by two ICF function evaluators at the same time to conduct test-retest reliability analysis among evaluators.The internal consistency of the Cronbach's α coefficient test scale,and the intra-group correlation coefficient(ICC)test inter-rater reliability and within-rater reliability.Results The Cronbach's α coefficients of the combination of ICF dysfunction,physical function and activity,and participation in the two subscales were 0.941,0.717,and 0.942,respectively.The inter-rater reliability analysis showed that the ICC of the total score of the scale and the total scores of physical function and activity and participation in the two subscales were 0.998,0.971,0.999(P<0.01),and the inter-rater reliability good;the internal reliability analysis of the evaluator showed that the total score of the scale and the total scores of physical function and activity and participation in the two subscales were 0.988,0.917,0.991(P<0.01),except that b640 sexual function is not applicable,and b130 energy Harmony drive function ICC is 0.558,b280 pain ICC is 0.409,ICC of other combination items is 0.838-0.986(P<0.01),the evaluator's internal reliability is good;90 patients'ICF dysfunction combination scale has 30 categories.The comparison between admission and discharge was statistically significant except that b640 was not applicable for sexual function(P<0.05).Conclusion The combination of ICF dysfunction has good internal consistency and inter-evaluator and intra-evaluator reliability in the functional evaluation of patients in neurorehabilitation department.

Research on Automatic Microalgae Detection System Based on Deep Learning / 生物化学与生物物理进展

ObjectiveThe scale of microalgae farming industry is huge. During farming, it is easy for microalgae to be affected by miscellaneous bacteria and other contaminants. Because of that, periodic test is necessary to ensure the growth of microalgae. Present microscopy imaging and spectral analysis methods have higher requirements for experiment personnel, equipment and sites, for which it is unable to achieve real-time portable detection. For the purpose of real-time portable microalgae detection, a real-time microalgae detection system of low detection requirement and fast detection speed is needed. MethodsThis study has developed a microalgae detection system based on deep learning. A microscopy imaging device based on bright field was constructed. With imaged captured from the device, a neural network based on YOLOv3 was trained and deployed on microcomputer, thus realizing real-time portable microalgae detection. This study has also improved the feature extraction network by introducing cross-region residual connection and attention mechanism and replacing optimizer with Adam optimizer using multistage and multimethod strategy. ResultsWith cross-region residual connection, the mAP value reached 0.92. Compared with manual result, the detection error was 2.47%. ConclusionThe system could achieve real-time portable microalgae detection and provide relatively accurate detection result, so it can be applied to periodic test in microalgae farming.

Observation on the detection of cytokines and virus in aqueous humor of pa-tients with Fuchs syndrome complicated with cataract / 眼科新进展

Objective To detect the expression levels of cytokines[Interleukin-6(IL-6),Interleukin-8(IL-8),In-terleukin-10(IL-10),vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),cell adhesion molecule(CAM)and basic fibroblast growth factor(BFGF)],cytomegalovirus(CMV)nucleic acid,rubella virus(RV)nucleic acid and antibodies in patients with Fuchs syndrome and cataract,evaluating the inflammation and viral expression in aqueous humor of patients.Meth-ods A retrospective study was conducted.A total of 18 patients(18 eyes)clinically diagnosed with Fuchs syndrome com-plicated with cataract from October 2020 to July 2022 in the Ophthalmology Department of the Zhengzhou Second Hospital were included and their preoperative data were recorded.These patients underwent phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation,with 0.1 mL aqueous humor extracted during the operation.The expression levels of cytokines(IL-6,IL-8,IL-10,VEGF,CAM and BFGF),CMV nucleic acid,RV nucleic acid and viral antibodies were quantitatively analyzed.Results In these 18 patients,the IL-6 level was normal in 13 patients and mildly elevated in 5 patients.The levels of IL-8,IL-10,VEGF,CAM and BFGF were detected in 8 patients,IL-10 was normal in all these patients,IL-8 was elevated in 2 patients,VEGF was mildly elevated in 1 patient,and CAM and BFGF levels were increased in 7 patients.The CMV and RV nucleic acids were tested in 12 patients,with all negative results.In the 18 patients involved,the RV-IgG increased in 12 patients and was normal in other 6 patients with certain titer values.In 16 patients tested for CMV-IgG and herpes simplex virus-IgG,only one patient was slightly elevated in CMV-IgG,and the rest were normal.Varicella-zoster virus-IgG was test-ed in 8 patients,and all of them were negative.Conclusion The eye inflammation of patients with Fuchs syndrome and cataract is not obvious,thus clinical RV nucleic acid is not easily detected,and the RV-IgG has a reference value in clinical diagnosis of Fuchs syndrome.

Rehabilitation based on the categorization of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health′s Rehabilitation Set can more effectively improve the physical functioning of hemiplegic stroke survivors / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective:To observe any effect of using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) rehabilitation set in rehabilitating the physical ability of hemiplegic stroke survivors.Methods:Ninety stroke survivors with hemiplegia were selected and randomly divided into an observation group ( n=45) and a control group ( n=45). The observation group was first assessed using the ICF and then given 60 minutes of individualized rehabilitation, 5 or 6 times a week for 4 weeks in addition to a weekly one-hour rehabilitation course. The control group were evaluated and treated traditionally. Before and after the intervention, both groups were evaluated using the Fugl-Meyer exercise assessment (FM) and functional independence assessment (FIM). Results:After the treatment the average upper and lower limb scores as well as the total FM scores had improved significantly. Those of the observation group were then significantly different from the control group′s averages.Conclusion:Basing rehabilitation on the ICF can more effectively improve the physical functioning of hemiplegic stroke survivors.

Fixation with S 2 alar iliac screws for unstable injury to posterior pelvic ring / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective:To explore the fixation with S 2 alar iliac screws (S 2AI) for unstable injury to the pelvic posterior ring. Methods:The clinical data of 18 patients were analyzed retrospectively who had been treated for unstable injury to the posterior pelvic ring by S 2AI screw fixation at Division of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University and at Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital to University of South China from September 2017 to December 2020. They were 8 males and 10 females, with an average age of 40 years (from 20 to 64 years). According to Tile classification, there were 3 cases of type B2, 10 cases of type C1 and 5 cases of type C2. Sacral nerve injury was complicated in 3 patients (2 cases of Gibbons grade Ⅱ and one of Gibbons grade Ⅲ). Short-segment S 1-S 2AI fixation was used in 6 cases, contralateral S 1-S 2AI fixation in one case, lumbar-pelvic fixation in 5 cases, and sacroiliac triangle fixation in 6 cases. The accuracy of S 2AI placement was evaluated by CT after operation according to the Shillingford method; the reduction quality of pelvic fractures and complications were documented. Results:All the 18 patients were followed up for 19.8 months (from 12 to 36 months). Bony union was achieved in all fractures. A total of 21 S 2AI were implanted in the 18 patients without intraoperative neurovascular injury. Postoperative CT found penetration into the iliac cortex by S 2AI in 2 cases. According to the Matta criteria, the fracture reduction was excellent in 10 cases, good in 7 and fair in one. Of the 3 patients with preoperative sacral nerve injury, 2 with grade Ⅱ injury recovered to grade Ⅰ and one with grade Ⅲ injury recovered to grade Ⅱ after operation. Superficial infection occurred at the incision site in 2 patients after operation, and complications such as protrusion, rupture or loosening of implants were observed in none of the patients. Conclusion:S 2AI fixation can be flexibly applied to various types of posterior pelvic ring injury and can provide the pelvic ring and the lumbosacral junction with rigid fixation, leading to a low complication rate.

Research progress in screw-rod fixation system in the treatment of unstable sacral fracture / 中华创伤杂志

Unstable sacral fracture is usually caused by high-energy trauma. Unstable sacral fracture often results in damage to the mechano-conductive structures of the spine and pelvis and thereby affects walking dysfunction. Treatment of sacral fracture has been a challenge due to the complex local anatomy, unique biomechanics and poor bone quality of the sacrum. The screw-rod fixation system has always played an important role in the treatment of variant sacral fracture and more severe sacral fracture. With the introduction of new technology, the screw-rod fixation system has evolved into a variety of structural types. According to whether the fixation range extends to the spine, it can be divided into two categories including spine-pelvic stabilization techniques and pelvic stabilization techniques. The authors review the progress of the screw-rod fixation system in the treatment of sacral fracture from aspects of biomechanical properties and clinical efficacy, so as to provide a reference for the selection of clinical internal fixation.

Item d560 of the ICF is effective in assessing the swallowing function of convalescing stroke patients / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective:To investigate the correlation between item d560 of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and the swallowing function of convalescing stroke patients.Methods:A total of 140 convalescent stroke survivors were evaluated for dysphagia using the ICF-d560 and the modified Watian drinking water test. Linear regression was used to analyze the influence of clinical factors when choosing a swallowing function assessment scale. Spearman correlation was computed to explore the correlation between ICF item d560 and the modified Watian drinking water test.Results:According to the ICF-d560 results, 10% of the patients had a mild disorder, with another 37.1% moderate, 29.3% severe and 23.6% completely dysphagic. The corresponding percentages according to the improved Watian drinking water test were 44.3% mild, 31.4% moderate and 24.3% severe. The total correlation coefficient between the two sets of results was 0.86, which was related to the stroke type, age, gender and stroke risk factors. The correlation coefficient of the cerebral infarction group was significantly higher than the cerebral hemorrhage group′s coefficient, and that of the women was slightly higher than that of the men. The strength of the correlation increased with age. The correlation coefficient was 0.84 among both diabetics and hypertension sufferers.Conclusions:Results from the ICF-d560 and the modified Wada drinking water test correlate well, which can provide a screening tool for swallowing function based on the ICF theoretical framework.

Peripheral odontogenic keratocysts in buccal soft tissues: two cases report / 华西口腔医学杂志

Peripheral odontogenic keratocysts are rarely observed, and cases of odontogenic keratocysts of buccal soft tissues are even rarer. This study was performed to present two rare cases of odontogenic keratocysts in buccal soft tissues and review related literature.

Chinese expert consensus on the uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for lung cancer: An interpreation / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery (UniVATS) is a significant approach of mini-invasive surgery for lung cancer. UniVATS was first used for treatment of lung cancer in 2010. The European consensus and the Chinese consensus were published in 2019 and 2020 respectively. The latest Chinese consensus included the definition of UniVATS, indications for lung cancer treatment, safety and feasibility, surgical skills, learning curve, short-term and long-term results, providing suggestions for the standardization of uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery, which are essential to improve the quality of surgery and reduce the incidence of related complications. The Chinese consensus also summarized the current status of subxiphoid UniVATS and non-intubated UniVATS for lung cancer. Considering the technical difficulties and challenges, the application of both technologies in clinical treatment has certain limitation. This article aims to give an interpretation of the results of the Chinese consensus and the similarities and to compare the differences with the European consensus, and to provide a reference for the majority of thoracic surgery colleagues.

Analysis of flavonoids from saffron floral bio-residues / 中国中药杂志

In order to better utilize saffron floral bio-residues(SFB), a qualitative and quantitative analysis of flavonoids in SFB was conducted using UPLC-MS and UPLC, respectively. On the one hand, 50 flavonols and 5 anthocyanins were putatively characte-rized by using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. On the other hand, an UPLC method was established for determining the fingerprint of SFB as well as testing the main flavonoids kaempferol-3-O-sophoroside and delphinidin-3,5-di-O-glucoside. Contents of kaempferol-3-O-sophoroside and delphinidin-3,5-di-O-glucoside of 10 batches of samples were 44.21-58.73 mg·g~(-1) and 2.11-6.37 mg·g~(-1), respectively, and the similarities of 10 batches were more than 0.99. In addition, the color of the samples was digitized by using electronic eye technology, and it was found that the color of the samples was significantly correlated with the content of delphinidin-3,5-di-O-glucoside. The richness of flavonoids in SFB indicated its potential for development and utilization, and the large variation in anthocyanin content among samples from different regions suggested that more attention should be paid to the methods of sample pretreatment and storage.

Finite element analysis of S 2AI-S 1 in the treatment of Denis type II sacral fracture / 中华骨科杂志

Objective:Comparison of biomechanical stability of S 2-alar-iliac screw and S 1 pedicle screw fixation (S 2AI-S 1) with conventional sacroiliac screw in the treatment of Denis type II sacral fractures by finite element analysis. Methods:The lumbar spine and pelvis of a male volunteer with normal skeletal structure were scanned by CT, followed by three-dimensional reconstruction. The finite element model of right Denis type II sacral fracture and pubic symphysis injury was constructed using ANSYS 17.0 software. The anterior pelvic ring is fixed with a five-hole steel plate, and the posterior pelvic ring is fixed with four different internal fixation methods, namely, sacroiliac screw (S 1 segment half-thread hollow screw), S 2AI-S 1 and S 2AI screw and contralateral S 1 screw fixation (S 2AI-CS 1). By restraining the bilateral acetabular and applying 500 N vertical stress above the L 4 vertebral body, the maximum displacement, maximum von Mises stress and vertical stiffness of the three groups of internal fixation were compared. Results:In terms of the maximum displacement of the sacrum in the vertical and anteroposterior directions, the S 2AI-S 1 model was the smallest (1.40 mm, 1.40 mm, respectively), while the S 2AI-CS 1 model was the largest (1.60 mm, 1.56 mm, respectively); In terms of the maximum displacement of the sacrum in the horizontal direction, the S 2AI-S 1 model is the smallest (0.19 mm), while the SIS model is the largest (0.37 mm); In terms of the maximum von Mises stress of internal fixation, the stress of the sacroiliac screw model is the largest (216.02 MPa), while the stress of the S 2AI-S 1 model is the smallest (39.82 MPa); In terms of the maximum von Mises stress of the bone around the screw, the stress of the sacroiliac screw model (39.68 MPa) is the largest and that of the S 2AI-S 1 model is the smallest (31.56 MPa); In terms of the vertical displacement of the center point of the upper surface of the S 1 vertebral body, the sacroiliac screw, S 2AI-S 1 and S 2AI-CS 1 groups were 0.83 mm, 0.73 mm and 0.93 mm, respectively. Using the vertical displacement of the center point of the upper surface of the S 1 vertebral body to predict the vertical stiffness of the three groups of models, from large to small, are S 2AI-S 1, sacroiliac screw and S 2AI-CS 1. Conclusion:S 2AI-S 1 fixation has good biomechanical stability in three-dimensional finite element analysis. It can be used as a new type of internal fixation for the treatment of sacral fractures and is worthy of promotion.

Functional Cell Receptors for Human Coronavirus / 中华检验医学杂志

Viruses infect host cells by binding to receptors on thesurface of cells. Receptor is an important factor affecting host range and interspecific transmission. In December 2019, an outbreak of unexplained pneumonia occurred in Wuhan, Hubei province. The pathogen was a new coronavirus, named 2019 NovelCoronavirus (2019-nCoV) by WHO. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) was found to be the receptor of 2019-nCoV.This review provides a brief overview of human coronavirus receptors and their applications, with a view to providing references for the tracing, cross-species transmission, epidemiological analysis and antiviral and vaccine studies of 2019-nCoV.

Item d550 of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health usefully predicts the nutritional status of persons with cerebrovascular disease / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective:To explore any correlation between ratings using item d550 of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF-d550) and the nutritional status of patients with cerebrovascular disease.Methods:Nutritional assessments of 260 patients with cerebrovascular diseases hospitalized in a geriatric care hospital were carried out using the ICF-d550 and NRS2002 nutrition risk screening. The enter method was used to analyze the relationship between clinical factors and the scales. Spearman correlation coefficients quantified the correlation between ICF-d550 and NRS2002 results and the influence of clinical factors.Results:According to the ICF-d550 ratings the incidence of nutritional disorders was 85.00% while the NRS2002 reported 68.85%. The correlation coefficient between the two sets of results was 0.49, with the correlation coefficient of the males (0.53) slightly higher than that of the females (0.43). The correlation strengthened with age. The correlation coefficients of thin, normal and overweight persons were 0.61, 0.44 and 0.50 respectively.Conclusions:The ICF-d550 and NRS2002 can both be used to evaluate the nutritional risk of elderly patients with cerebrovascular disease, with good correlation.

Functional cell receptors for human coronavirus / 中华检验医学杂志

Viruses infect host cells by binding to receptors on their surfaces of cells. Receptor is an important factor affecting host range and interspecific transmission. In December 2019, an outbreak of unexplained pneumonia occurred in Wuhan, Hubei province. The pathogen was a new coronavirus, named 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by WHO. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) was found to be the receptor of 2019-nCoV. This review provides a brief overview of human coronavirus receptors and their applications, with a view to providing references for the tracing, cross-species transmission, epidemiological analysis and antiviral and vaccine studies of 2019-nCoV.

Training mode of robotic surgical system in thoracic surgery: A single-center study at Ruijin Hospital / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To explore the training mode of robotic surgical system for thoracic surgeons. Methods    Thirteen surgeons enrolled in the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital from May 2015 to December 2019 were targeted for training. Training methods included learning basic knowledge of Da-Vinci robotic system, simulation platform training, physical simulation training, training on animal models, practice of thoracic surgery and video analysis. Results    The robotic operation skills of the surgeons were improved. Currently 4 surgeons were qualified for using robotic system to do thoracic surgery, and 9 surgeons had assistant qualification. Conclusion    Multiple modes of training can help surgeons learn and master the techniques of robotic surgery, and will provide the basis for robotic training standard.

Progress in diagnosis and therapy of thoracic outlet syndrome / 中国骨伤

Thoracic outlet syndrome(TOS) are constellation of symptoms caused by compression of the neurovascular bundle including the brachial plexus, the subclavian artery and the subclavian vein at the thoracic outlet region. It includes neurogenic TOS, venus TOS, arterial TOS, and neurogenic TOS is the most common type. TOS has varied manifestations and lack of confirmatory testing, therefore, the diagnosis should be conbination with thorough history, physical examination and associated supplementary examinations. Conservative and surgical treatment can be choosed for TOS and the outcomes are generally good. Conservative management is the initial treatment strategy for neurogenic TOS. In cases of symptomatic vascular TOS and neurovascular TOS, which has been failed by conservative treatment, surgery should be considered more promptly.

Recent research advances on alveolar ridge preservation after tooth extraction / 华西口腔医学杂志

Resorption of alveolar bone that occurs following tooth extraction is irreversible, it may compromise the restoration of implants or conventional prostheses. Ridge preservation can minimize ridge resorption after tooth extraction. In this article, healing features of socket after tooth extraction, factors influencing ridge remodeling, and the use of bioma-terials were reviewed.

Progress in research on infra-acetabular screwing for acetabular fracture / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Surgical treatment of acetabular fracture is very challenging because the acetabular geometry is complex.As anterior and posterior columns are the main support structures of the acetabulum,anatomical reduction and strong internal fixation of the two acetabular columns can achieve the best prognosis for patients with acetabular fracture.Constant study of the complex anatomy around the acetabulum reveals an infra-acetabular screw channel that can pass through both columns.Biomechanical studies show that use of an additional infra-acetabular screw can greatly strengthen the internal fixation of acetabular fracture.Biomorphological studies prove that an infra-acetabular screw channel of 5 mm in diameter is available in more than 90％ of people which allows insertion of a 3.5 mm screw.Imaging studies demonstrate that one infra-acetabular screw can be safely placed under the guidance of C-arm roentgenography.In surgery of acetabular fracture,surgeons have used infra-acetabular screws,the clinical value of which has been confirmed by good functional recovery of the patients after surgery.This paper presents an overview of the progress in research on infra-acetabular screwing for acetabular fracture.

CD24 regulates Ly6Chi macrophages and BDL-induced liver fibrosis / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To investigate the regulatory effects of CD24 on Ly6Chi macrophages in liv-er and its influences on bile duct ligation ( BDL)-induced hepatic fibrosis in mice. Methods Liver fibrosis was induced in wild-type ( WT) and CD24-/- mice by surgical ligation of the biliary duct. Levels of alanine amino transferase ( ALT) in serum were detected and liver sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin ( H&E) staining to assess the severity of liver injury. Sirius Red staining was used to observe the degree of liver fibrosis. Real-time PCR was performed for detecting the expression of hepatic fibrosis-related markers and TGF-β1 at mRNA level. The percentage of macrophages and the number of TGF-β1-producing macro-phages were measured by flow cytometry. Results BDL-induced liver fibrosis was exacerbated in CD24-/-mice than in WT mice as demonstrated by more serious hyperplasia in bile duct, more inflammatory infiltra-tion at the portal area and higher levels of ALT in serum. Results of Sirius red staining also showed that the liver fibrosis was more severe in CD24-/- mice than in WT mice. Moreover, α-SMA and collagen typeⅠalpha 1 (Col1a1) were significantly upregulated in CD24-/- mice. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that CD24 was highly expressed by hepatic macrophages in BDL-induced WT mice, and the percentages of hepat-ic macrophages were significantly elevated in CD24-/-mice compared with those in WT mice. Further analy-sis revealed that the percentages of Ly6Chi hepatic macrophages in CD24-/- mice were higher than those in WT mice, but there was no significant difference in the percentages of Ly6Clo macrophages. The expression of TGF-β1 at mRNA level was increased in CD24-/-mice as compared with that in WT mice after BDL. Mo-reover, intracellular staining showed that Ly6Chi hepatic macrophages in CD24-/- mice secreted more TGF-β1 than the macrophages in WT mice. Conclusions CD24 might attenuate the BDL-induced liver fibrosis in mice via regulating the percentage of hepatic Ly6Chi macrophages and the secretion of TGF-β1.