rare cause of obstructive chtonic hydrocephalus in an adult patient: a case report of fourth ventricle's foramina idiopathic stenosis

Background and Importance: idiopathic stenosis of the foramina of Magendie and Luschka is a rare cause of obstructive hydrocephalus involving the fourth ventricle

Case Presentation: we reported the case of a 40-year-old woman who developed headaches and vertigo for several months and more recently gait disturbance. The CT scan showed quadri-ventricular hydrocephalus involving mainly the fourth ventricle with dilated lateral recesses. Craniocervical MRI confirmed hydrocephalus and also showed the brainstem and cerebellar tonsil herniation through the foramen magnum with hydromyelia and a hyperintense signal on T2 weighted MRI of cervical spinal cord. Biological analyses were normal. She underwent endoscopic third ventriculostomy [ETV]. No complication was observed. The patient became asymptomatic during the weeks following the surgical procedure and remained stable at a mean follow-up interval of 20 months. Postoperative MR images demonstrated regression of the hydrocephalus; complete disappearance of brainstem and cerebellar tonsil herniation, hydromylia and the hyperintense signal on T2 weighted MRI of cervical spinal cord

Conclusion: this case confirms the existence of hydrocephalus caused by idiopathic fourth ventricle outflows obstruction in adult and the efficacy of ETV for this rare indication

A versatilidade clínica do arco utilidade / The clinical versatility of the utility archwire

INTRODUÇÃO: dentro da ciência Bioprogressiva, o arco utilidade, juntamente com o quadri-hélice, é o dispositivo mais conhecido e utilizado para o tratamento de inúmeras más oclusões. Com um desenho ao mesmo tempo simples e original, o arco utilidade tornou-se parte integrante do arsenal ortodôntico utilizado nos períodos das dentaduras mista e permanente. O nome do arco é uma referência à grande versatilidade que este dispositivo oferece, e devido aos vários efeitos que o mesmo pode promover durante o tratamento. OBJETIVO: este artigo destina-se a discutir a fabricação, a ativação e o uso clínico do arco utilidade de Ricketts no tratamento ortodôntico, além de descrever alguns dos princípios da técnica ortodôntica Bioprogressiva. CONCLUSÃO: pode-se concluir que o arco utilidade é um aparelho extremamente versátil, com inúmeras possibilidades clínicas, sendo capaz de intruir, extruir, avançar ou retrair os incisivos superiores e inferiores; manter, diminuir ou aumentar o espaço no arco inferior; além de ancorar os molares inferiores. Entretanto, uma das maiores vantagens de seu uso consiste na correção de más oclusões do tipo Classe II, com mordida profunda.

INTRODUCTION: The utility archwire, along with the quad-helix, is the most widely known and used device within the Bioprogressive technique for the treatment of several malocclusions. Featuring a simple yet original design, the utility archwire has become an integral part of the orthodontic arsenal, with applications in the periods of mixed and permanent dentition. The name of this archwire refers to its great versatility, and to the multiple effects it can have during treatment. OBJECTIVE: This article aims to discuss the production, application and clinical use of the Ricketts utility archwire in orthodontic treatments, as well as to describe some of the basics aspects of the Bioprogressive orthodontic technique. CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that the utility archwire is an extremely versatile appliance with innumerable clinical applications - able to intrude, extrude, advance or retract maxillary or mandibular incisors; maintain, diminish or increase space in the lower arch, in addition to anchoring mandibular molars. Nevertheless, one of the most significant advantages of its use is in the correction of Class II malocclusions, with overbite.

The Quadri: Combined Phototherapeutic Keratectomy, Penetrating Keratoplasty, Phacoemulsification and Posterior Chamber Lens Implantation

Combined penetrating keratoplasty, cataract extraction, and lens implantation is the currently accepted treatment of choice for patients with combined corneal and cataract diseases. However, surgeons have met some difficulties and disadvantages of "Open sky" extracapsular cataract extraction during the triple procedure because of open-system approach. Thus, author contrive "Quadri" procedure ; Combined Phototherapeutic Keratectomy, Penetrating Keratoplasty, Phacoemulsification and Posterior Chamber Lens Implantation, for closed-system approach, and performed successfully.