A Preliminary Study for the Suppressive Effect of Mulberry Leaf Powder-containing Foods on the Postprandial Blood Glucose Level / 日本補完代替医療学会誌

A crossover study was conducted to evaluate suppressive effect of a commercially available green juice (Katuna-Aojiru;Egao Co., Ltd.) containing mulberry leaf powder as the main ingredient on postprandial hyperglycemia. The blood glucose and iAUC (0-120min) values after loading cooked white rice were significantly lower with the consumption of Katuna-Aojiru than with the consumption of water. Katuna-Aojiru is effective in controlling postprandial blood glucose.

Recent research advances of 1-deoxynojirimycin and its derivatives / 中国中药杂志

The 1-DNJ named 1-deoxynojirimycinis (2R,3R,4R,5S)-2-(hydroxymethyl) piperidine-3,4,5-triol, which is the nature active components existingin mulberryresources including leaves, stems, roots and silkworm larva, silkworm chrysalis, etc.The 1-deoxynojirimycin is a polyhydroxylated piperidine alkaloid, which was first found in Streptomyces as an antibiotic. Then the Japanese researchers isolated it from the mulberry root. 1-DNJ can inhibit postprandial hyperglycemia by suppressing intestinal alpha glucosidase. Therefore, 1-DNJ is often used to treat treating diabetes and complicating disease and to prevent obesity and weight-related disorders. With the development of the researches, 1-deoxynojirimycin and its derivtiv was discovered to possess anti-hyperglycemic, anti-virus, anti-tumor functions and so on. Therefore,based on our current studythe existing knowledge on source, technique preparation process, pharmacokinetics, bioactivties,and in silico target fishing of 1-DNJ were summarized, so that the researchers may use it to explore future perspective of research on 1-DNJ.

Progress in Research on Physiological Activity of 1-Deoxynojirimycin and Its Derivatives / 中国药学杂志

1-Deoxynojirimycin(DNJ), a polyhydroxylated alkaloid,has demonstrated numerous physiological activites, such as anti-diabetes, lipid-lowering, anti-cancer and anti-virus effects. As research continues, related activities have been explained even more clearly, and new physiological activities have been found. In this review, new discoveries of the physiological activities of DNJ and DNJ derivatives were summarized. This will provide pharmaceutical basis for future study and application of DNJ.

Biotransformation effect of Bombyx Mori L. may play an important role in treating diabetic nephropathy / 中国结合医学杂志

Compared with herbal drugs, medicine processed from animals (animal medicine) was thought to have more bioactive substances and higher activities. Biotransformation effect often plays an important role in their effect. However, researches about effect of animal medicine on diabetic nephropathy and applying animal medicine as natural bio-transformer were seldom reported. The purpose of this paper was to reveal the use of Bombyx Mori L. on diabetic nephropathy from ancient to modern times. The classical literature indicated that Saosi Decoction (), which contains Bombyx Mori L. or silkworm cocoon, was applied to treat disorders congruent with modern disease diabetic nephropathy from the Ming to Qing Dynasty in ancient China. Modern studies showed that Bombyx Mori L. contains four main active constituents. Among these, 1-deoxynojirimycin (1-DNJ) and quercetin showed promising potential to be new agents in diabetic nephropathy treatment. The concentrations of 1-DNJ and the activities of quercetin in Bombyx Mori L. are higher than in mulberry leaves, because of the biotransformation in the Bombyx Mori L. body. However, these specifific components need further human and mechanistic studies to determine their therapeutic potential for this challenging condition.

Effects of 1-deoxynojirimycin on the proliferation and extracellular matrix synthesis of mouse mesangial cells cultured in high glucose / 上海预防医学

Objective To investigate the effects of 1-deoxynojirimycin ( DNJ) on the proliferation and the synthesis of extracellular matrix ( ECM ) in mouse mesangial cells cultured in high glucose. Methods The mouse mesangial cell line was cultured.The proliferation of the cells was detected by MTT assay.The concentration of type Ⅳ collagen ( ColⅣ) and fibronectin ( FN) was examined with ELISA in cultured medium of mouse mesangial cells.The expression of the mRNA of TGF -β1 and PPARγwas detected by RT-PCR.The expression of the protein of TGF-β1 was detected by Western Blot. Results (1)High glucose significantly stimulated the proliferation of the cells treated for 48 h as compared to normal glucose group (NG) and mannitol group (MG) (P<0.05).Compared with NG and MG,the remarkable inhibition effect was observed by high glucose for 72 h and 96 h ( P <0 .05 ) .There was no significant difference between mannitol group ( MG ) and NG ( P >0.05 ) .( 2 ) DNJ significantly inhibited the proliferation of mouse mesangial cells cultured in high glucose.The effect of DNJ was time and dose-dependent.The further research was made in the cells treated with high glucose +5 mmol/L DNJ for 48 h. ( 3 ) High glucose increased the expression level of TGF-β1 mRNA and PPARγmRNA and the synthesis of ColIV and FN ( P<0 .05 或P <0 .01 ) .There was no significant difference between MG and NG ( P >0.05).(4)DNJ could decrease the expression level of TGF-β1 mRNA and the synthesis of ColIV and FN of cells cultured in high glucose ( P <0.05 ) , while DNJ had no effect on increased expression level of PPARγmRNA of cells cultured in high glucose. Conclusion DNJ inhibits proliferation and ECM synthesis of mesangial cells cultured in high glucose, which may be mediated by downregulating the expression of TGF-β1 mRNA.

Anti-hyperlipidemic effect of soybean extract fermented by Bacillus subtilis MORI in db/db mice / 한국실험동물학회지

The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-hyperlipidemic effect of soy bean extract solution fermented by Bacillus subtilis MORI (BTD-1E) in obese db/db mice. Eight-week-old male db/db mice were administered 33.3 mg/kg BTD-1E solution orally once a day for four weeks. The BTD-1E group showed significantly lower body weight compared with the db control group (P<0.05). The BTD-1E group showed significantly lower serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels compared with the db control group, respectively (P<0.05, P<0.01). The BTD-1E group showed significantly decreased liver weight relative to final body weight compared with the db control group (P<0.01). After four weeks of BTD-1E administration, lipid droplets in the liver were apparently decreased in the BTD-1E group compared to the db control group. In summary, our results suggest that BTD-1E has an anti-hyperlipidemic effect in the obese mouse model.

A New Alkaloid from Bombycis Feculae and Its a-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity / 中草药·英文版

Objective To study the chemical constituents of Bombycis Feculae. Methods Chemical constituents were isolated BPLC-ELSD. The structures of the isolated compounds were determined by spectral means. Results Two compounds were isolated and identified as 1-deoxynojirimycin (1) and (2R,3R,5R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-3,5-diol, named as 1,3-dideoxygalatonojirimycin (2). Conclusion Compound 2 is a new alkaloid. The extract of Bombycis Feculae, compound 1 and compound 2 show inhibitory activities against a-glucosidase.

Effect of 1-deoxynojirimycin on high glucose-stimulating proliferation of rat mesangial cells / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

The effect of 1-deoxynojirimycin(DNJ)on the proliferation of rat mesangial cells was observed and its mechanism was explored.The results showed that DNJ significantly inhibited the proliferation of rat mesangial cells induced by high glucose in time-and dose-dependent manners.DNJ significantly decreased expressions of?-smooth muscle action(?-SMA),integrin?1 mRNA and protein and focal adhesion kinase (FAK)protein stimulated by high glucose in rat mesangial cells(P

Determination of 1-deoxynojirimycin from mulberry resources and analysis of their bioactivities / 中草药

Objective To determine 1-deoxynojirimycin(DNJ) from mulberry resources and analyse their bioactivities.Methods Determination of DNJ by derivatization with 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate(FMOC-Cl) and followed by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography(RP-HPLC) and a fluorescence detector;the inhibitory curves on ?glucosidase at the enzymatic level and the activities to(?-)glucosidase in vitro were observed in the everted sac experiment.Results A reliable quantitative method suitable for assays of DNJ from mulberry resources has been developed.The inhibitory curves of the extracts on ?-glucosidase were parallel to those of DNJ.The extracts can inhibit hydrolyzation of starch and absorption of glucose.Conclusion The medicinal parts from mulberry resources can be used for diabetic therapy as ?-glucosidase inhibitor.

Comparison of two determination methods of 1-deoxynojirimycin in Cortex Mori / 中成药

0.05). CONCLUSION: Two methods are of good reproducibility and sensitivity, and can be used for the quality control of DNJ in Cortex Mori.

Determination of 1-Deoxynojirimycin in Mulberry Resources by HPLC / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To establish a quantitative analysis method to determine the contents of 1-deoxynojirimycin in mulberry resources such as Morus alba,Excrementum bombycis,Folium mori.METHODS:1-deoxynojirimycin in mulberry resources were determined by RP-HPLC method and UV detector on Hypersil C18(250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m)column, using acetonitrile-0.1% glacial acetic acid(50 ∶ 50)as moble phase. The flow rate was 1.0 mL?min-1 and the detection wavelength were set at 265 nm with column temperature at 35 ℃. RESULTS:The linear range of 1-deoxynojirimycin were from 5.0?10-4 mg?mL-1 to 1.0?10-3 mg?mL-1 (r=0.999 9)with recoveries of 97.7%(RSD=2.0%,n=6).CONCLUSION:The method is simple, accurate and reproducible for the quality control of Mulberry resources.