Hiperplasia adrenal congénita en forma clásica virilizante simple / Congenital adrenal hyperplasia in simple classical virilizing form

El déficit de 21-hidroxilasa es la forma más frecuente de hiperplasia adrenal congénita, que forma parte de los desórdenes de la diferenciación sexual. Se presentan 3 casos. El primero, un recién nacido de 19 días que es llevado a consulta por presentar desórdenes de los genitales externos. Al examen físico presentaba un clítoris aumentado de tamaño, con orificio uretral en su base y engrosamiento de los rodetes labioescrotales. El diagnóstico se realizó por ultrasonido ginecológico, cromatina sexual, estudios hormonales y cariotipo. El segundo caso, un recién nacido de 15 días que también es llevado a consulta por desórdenes de los genitales externos, con examen físico similar al primer caso, y se le realizaron los mismos complementarios para su diagnóstico. El tercer caso, un lactante de 2 meses de edad, que es llevado a consulta por igual motivo, y que al examen físico se encontró hiperplasia del clítoris, con orificio en su base, y engrosamiento de los labios mayores que estaban fusionados en la línea media. Se le indicaron iguales complementarios. Se diagnosticó en los 3 casos una hiperplasia adrenal virilizante, y se realizó tratamiento sustitutivo hormonal y cirugía reconstructiva de los genitales externos.

Steroid 21-hydroxylase is the most frequent form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia that is part of the sexual differentiation disorders. This article reported 3 cases. The first one was a 19 days-old infant who was taken to the doctor´s because of external genitalia disorders. The physical exam revealed augmented clitoris with urethral orifice in its basis and thickening of the labioscrotal swellings. The patient was diagnosed by means of gynecological ultrasound, sexual chromatin, hormonal studies and karyotype. The second case was a 15 days-old newborn, who was also taken to the doctor´s for external genitalia disorders. The physical exam was similar to that of the first case and the same complementary tests were performed for diagnosis. The third case was a 2 months-old infant who was taken to the medical service for the same reasons, and his physical exam showed clitoris hyperplasia, orifice in its base and thickening of labia majora that fused in the midline. The same complementary tests were indicated. The final diagnosis in these three cases was virilizing adrenal hyperplasia. They were all treated with hormone replacement therapy and reconstructive surgery of their external genitalia.

Weight-adjusted neonatal 17OH-progesterone cutoff levels improve the efficiency of newborn screening for congenital adrenal hyperplasia / Determinação de pontos de corte para 17OH-progesterona de acordo com o peso ao nascimento melhora a eficiência da triagem neonatal da hiperplasia adrenal congênita

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate weight-adjusted strategy for levels of neonatal-17OHP in order to improve newborn screening (NBS) efficiency. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Blood samples collected between 2-7 days of age from 67,640 newborns were evaluated. When N17OHP levels were > 20 ng/mL, and a second sample was requested. We retrospectively analyzed neonatal-17OHP levels measured by Auto DELFIA- B024-112 assay, grouped according to birth-weight: G1: < 1,500 g, G2: 1,501-2,000 g, G3: 2,000-2,500 g and G4: > 2,500 g. 17OHP cutoff values were determined for each group using the 97.5th, 99th, 99.5th and 99.8th percentiles. RESULTS: 0.5 percent of newborns presented false-positive results using the cutoff level > 20 ng/mL for all groups. Neonates of low birthweight made up 69 percent of this group. Seven full-term newborns presented congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) and, except for one of them, 17OHP levels were > 120 ng/mL. Only the 99.8th percentile presented higher predictive positive value (2 percent), and lower rate of false-positives in all groups. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest the use of 99.8th percentile obtained by weight-adjusted N17OHP values of healthy newborns to reduce the rate of false-positive results in NBS.

OBJETIVO: Avaliamos retrospectivamente os valores da 17OHP ajustados para o peso ao nascimento para melhorar a eficiência da triagem neonatal. SUJEITOS E MÉTODOS: 67.640 recém-nascidos com amostras coletadas entre 2-7 dias de vida. Uma segunda amostra foi solicitada na presença de testes com valores da 17OHP > 20 ng/mL. 17OHP dosada pelo método DELFIA- B024-112 e correlacionada com o peso ao nascimento: G1 < 1.500 g, G2 1.501-2.000 g, G3 2.000-2.500 g e G4 > 2.500 g. Pontos de corte da 17OHP foram determinados para cada grupo usando os percentis 97,5th, 99th, 99,5th e 99,8th. RESULTADOS: Falso-positivos ocorreram em 5 por cento dos resultados com o ponto de corte > 20 ng/mL, dos quais 69 por cento eram prematuros. Sete recém-nascidos apresentaram deficiência da 21-hidroxilase e, exceto em um, os valores da 17OHP foram > 120 ng/mL. Somente o valor da 17OHP do 99,8th apresentou maior valor preditivo positivo (2 por cento) e menor índice de falso-positivos. CONCLUSÕES: Sugerimos o valor da 17OHP do 99,8th ajustado para o peso ao nascimento para se reduzir a taxa de resultados falso-positivos da triagem neonatal.